Seasonal Trends in Palivizumab Compliance in High-Risk Infants Before, During, and After COVID-19 Restrictions
Öz
Aim: This study aimed to evaluate compliance with palivizumab prophylaxis in high-risk infants before and after the COVID-19 pandemic and to assess its effect on RSV and other respiratory infections. Materials and Methods: This retrospective observational study included 626 high-risk infants who received at least one dose of palivizumab at Ankara Bilkent City Hospital’s NICU between October 2019 and April 2023. Compliance was assessed by evaluating whether doses were administered at 30 ± 5-day intervals. Infants receiving all scheduled doses were classified as full prophylaxis (n=548, 87.5%), while those missing at least one dose were classified as partial prophylaxis (n=78, 12.5%). RSV and non-RSV infection and hospitalization rates were compared. Data were obtained from hospital records and interviews with parents. Results: While 87.5% received full prophylaxis, only 65.2% followed the recommended dosing intervals. Partial compliance was mostly due to family neglect or hospitalization. RSV infections occurred more frequently in the partial group (9% vs. 4.6%), though the difference was not statistically significant. Non-RSV pneumonia and bronchiolitis rates were significantly higher in partially compliant infants (p<0.05). Compliance rates declined after the pandemic, and higher RSV incidence was observed in infants with siblings in daycare and in smoking households. Conclusion: Full compliance with palivizumab prophylaxis significantly reduces RSV and non-RSV respiratory infections and related hospitalizations. The pandemic disrupted prophylaxis adherence and may have contributed to increased RSV incidence. Socioeconomic and environmental factors play a crucial role in ensuring compliance.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Rossi GA, Colin AA. Infantile respiratory syncytial virus and human rhinovirus infections: respective role in inception and persistence of wheezing. Eur Respir J 2015;45(3):774-89. Zheng Z, Pitzer VE, Shapiro ED, Bont LJ, Weinberger DM. Estimation of the Timing and Intensity of Reemergence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Following the COVID-19 Pandemic in the US. JAMA Netw Open 2021 Dec 1;4(12):e2141779.
Ayrıntılar
Birincil Dil
İngilizce
Konular
Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları (Diğer)
Bölüm
Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar
Batuhan Yeke
*
0000-0002-6517-8817
Türkiye
Yayımlanma Tarihi
31 Mart 2026
Gönderilme Tarihi
3 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi
5 Eylül 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı
Yıl 2026 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 1