Pregnancy And Smoking Cessation

Öz

Cigarette smoking is an antenatal risk factor causing maternal and fetal morbidity besides being a public health issue. Smoking during pregnancy is associated with increased preterm birth, low birth weight, preterm rupture of the membranes, intrauterine growth retardation, ectopic pregnancy and perinatal mortality rates. Newborns who have been exposed to effects of cigarette smoking are prone to asthma, infantile colic, depression and childhood obesity. Although women who smoke before pregnancy are motivated to quit smoking, they occasionally need professional help to succeed this behaviour. Perinatal outcomes improve by quitting cigarette smoking before pregnancy or as soon as possible during pregnancy. Counseling, cognitive and behavioural therapy, hypnosis, acupuncture and pharmacological agents are treatment choices. Owing to the fact that insufficient evidence about safety and efficacy exist, pharmacological treatment modalities are not recommended during pregnancy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Pregnancy,smoking cessation

Gebelik Ve Sigara Bırakma

Öz

Sigara kullanımı toplum sağlığı sorunu olmasının yanında maternal ve fetal morbiditeye neden olan bir antenatal risk faktörüdür. Gebelikte sigara içilmesi düşük doğum ağırlığı, preterm doğum, erken membran ruptürü, intrauterin gelişme kısıtlılığı, ektopik gebelik ve perinatal mortalitede artış ile ilişkilidir. Yenidoğanlarda ise sigara dumanına maruziyet astım, infantil kolik, depresyon ve çocukluk obezitesi ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Gebelik öncesinde sigara kullanan kadınlar gebe kaldıklarında genellikle sigarayı bırakmaya motive olmalarına rağmen bunu başarmak için profesyonel yardıma ihtiyaç duyabilirler. Gebelik öncesinde veya gebelikte mümkün olan en erken gebelik haftasında sigaranın bırakılması ile perinatal sonuçlar iyileşmektedir. Sigarayı bırakmada bilgi verme, kognitif ve davranışsal tedaviler, hipnoz, akupunktur ve farmakolojik tedavi kullanılmaktadır. Farmakolojik tedavilerin güvenilirliği ve etkinliği belli olmadığından sigarayı bırakmak için gebelikte kullanımları önerilmemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gebelik,sigara bırakma

Kaynakça

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