Viral Hepatites During Pregnancy

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 55 - 58, 01.04.2014

Hülya Dede Aytaç Tohma

Öz

Viral hepatitis is common in all around the world and it is an important health problem in our country. Viral hepatitis is one of serious infections in pregnancy that occurs in 0.1 to 1.5% of pregnant women. There are 5 different types of viral hepatitis; hepatitis A HAV , hepatitis B HBV , delta antigen associated with hepatitis B caused by the hepatitis D HDV , hepatitis C HCV and HEV. Furthermore, cytomegalovirus CMV , herpes simplex virus HSV , Epstein Barr virus EBV , rubella virus and yellow fever viruses are considered as other factors which may cause viral hepatitis as well. In this review, factor that cause viral hepatitis and their effect on pregnancy outcome will be discussed.

Gebelikte Viral Hepatitler

Öz

Viral hepatitler tüm dünyada yaygın olarak görülen ve ülkemizide yakından ilgilendiren önemli bir sağlık sorunudur. Gebelerin % 0,1 - 1,5’inde görülen viral hepatitler gebelikte görülen ciddi enfeksiyonlardandır. Viral hepatitin 5 ayrı çeşidi bulunmaktadır; hepatit A HAV , hepatit B HBV , hepatit B ile ilişkili delta antijeninin neden olduğu hepatit D HDV , hepatit C HCV ve HEV. Bu etkenler dışında ayrıca sitomegalevirus CMV , herpes simplex virus HSV , epstein barr virus EBV , rubella ve sarıhumma virüsü gibi virüsler de viral hepatit etkenleri arasında sayılmaktadır. Bu derlemede viral hepatit etkenlerinden ve buların gebelik üzerine olan etkilerinden bahsedeceğiz.

Kaynakça

• 1. Ockner R: Acute Viral Hepatitis: Cecil Textbook Of Medicine, 20th ed.
• 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) . Summary of notifiable diseases, United states, 2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2008; 57:1-94
• 3. ACOG educational bulletin. Viral hepatitis in pregnancy. Number 248 , july 1998
• 4. Protection against viral hepatitis. Recommendations of the Immunization Practices Advisory Committee (ACIP) MMWR Recomm Rep 39:1, 1990
• 5. Hepatit B vaccination–United States, 1982-2002. MMWR 51: 549, 2002
• 6. Zhang SL, Yue YF, Bai GQ, et al. Mechanism of intaruterine infection of hepatitis B virus. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10:437-8
• 7. Xu DZ, Yan YP, Choi BC, et al. Risk factors and mechanism of transplasental transmission of hepatitis B virus: a case-control study. L Med Virol 2002; 67:20-6
• 8. Xu WM, Cui YT, Wang L, Yang H, Liang ZQ, Li XM, Zhang SL, Qiao FY, Campbell F, Chang CN, Gardner S, Atkins MLamivudine in late pregnancy to prevent perinatal transmission of hepatitis B virus infection: a multicentre, randomized, double-blind, placebocontrolled study. J Viral Hepat 2009 ;16:94-103.
• 9. Wong S, Chan LY, Yu V, et al. Hepatitis B carrier and perinatal outcome in singleton pregnancy. Am j Perinatol 1999; 16:485-8
• 10. Safir A, Levy A, Sikuler E, et al. Maternal hepatitis B virus or hepatitis C virus carrier status as an independent risk factor for adverse perinatal outcome. Liver Int 2010; 30:765-70
• 11. Hill JB, Sheffield JS, Kim MJ, Alexander JM, Sercely B, Wendel GD. Risk of hepatitis B transmission in breast-fed infants of chronic hepatitis B carriers. Obstet Gynecol. 2002 ;99:1049-52.
• 12. National institute of Health (NIH). Management of hepatitis C. NIH Consens State Sci Statements 2002; 19:1-46
• 13. Alter MJ1 , Kuhnert WL, Finelli L; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Guidelines for laboratory testing and result reporting of antibody to hepatitis C virus. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2003 7;52(RR-3):1-13
• 14. European Paediatric Hepatitis C Virus Network. Effects of mode of delivery and infant feeding on the risk of mother to- child transmission of hepatitis C virus. BJOG 2001; 108:371-7
• 15. Minola E, Maccabruni A, Pacati I, et al. Amniocentesis as a possible risk factor for mother to infant transmission of HCV. Hepatology 2001 ;33:1341-2
• 16. Khuroo MS, Kamili S, Jameel S. Vertical transmission of hepatitis E virus. Lancet 1995; 345:1025-6
• 17. Kumar A, Beniwal M, Kar P, Sharma JB, Murthy NS. Hepatitis E in pregnancy.Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2004 ;85:240-4.