Correlation of hemogram parameters with acute phase reactants in subacute thyroiditis

Yıl 2024, , 632 - 637, 27.10.2024

Ülkem Şen Uzeli , Murat Doğan

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1512471

Öz

Aims: Subacute thyroiditis is a painful, inflammatory thyroid gland disease. It manifests clinically with thyrotoxicosis and an increase in acute-phase reactants. In our study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between hemogram parameters (neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet/lymphocyte ratio (PLR), pan-immune inflammatory value (PIV), and systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII)) and elevated acute phase reactants during the diagnosis of this disease where inflammation is prominent.
Methods: Our study is a retrospective analysis involving 48 subacute thyroiditis (SAT) patients and 48 healthy control subjects. Thyroid function tests (TSH, FT4, and FT3), complete blood count values including white blood cell, neutrophil, monocyte, lymphocyte, and platelet counts, and C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were recorded for the patients. The relationship between hemogram parameters, acute phase reactants, and thyroid function tests at the time of diagnosis and six months after starting treatment was analyzed.
Results: The female count in the patient group was 34 (70.8%), and in the healthy group, it was 29 (60.4%) in our study. There was no statistically significant difference in gender distribution between the groups. NLR, PLR, PII, and SII were significantly higher in SAT patients at the time of diagnosis. We found a positive correlation between CRP levels and SII and PIV and between ESR levels and PLR and PIV at the time of diagnosis.
Conclusion: As a practical biomarker, PIV was significantly higher in patients with SAT compared with the control group. Our study is the first to show that PIV may be a new diagnostic tool for SAT.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Subacute thyroiditis, pan-immune inflammatory value, systemic immune-inflammatory index

Etik Beyan

Hitit University Clinical Research Ethics Committee on December 26, 2023 (Approval Number: 2023-164

Kaynakça

• Desailloud R, Hober D. Viruses and thyroiditis: an update. Virol J. 2009;6(5):1-14. doi:10.1186/1743-422X-6-5
• Brancatella A, Ricci D, Viola N, Sgrò D, Santini F, Latrofa F. Subacute thyroiditis after Sars-COV-2 infection. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2020;105(7):dgaa276. doi:10.1210/clinem/dgaa276
• Stasiak M, Michalak R, Stasiak B, Lewinski A. Clinical characteristics of subacute thyroiditis is different than it used to be-current state based on 15 years own material. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2019;39(7):489-495.
• Alfadda AA, Sallam RM, Elawad GE, Aldhukair H, Alyahya MM. Subacute thyroiditis: clinical presentation and long-term outcome. Int J Endocrinol. 2014;2014:794943. doi:10.1155/2014/ 794943
• Lee YJ, Kim DW. Sonographic characteristics and interval changes of subacute thyroiditis. J Ultrasound Med. 2016;35(8): 1653-1659. doi:10.7863/ultra.15.09049
• Aemaz Ur Rehman M, Farooq H, Ali MM, Ebaad Ur Rehman M, Dar QA, Hussain A. The association of subacute thyroiditis with COVID-19: a systematic review. SN Compr Clin Med. 2021;3(7): 1515-1527. doi:10.1007/s42399-021-00912-5
• Popescu M, Ghemigian A, Vasile CM, Costache A, Carsote M, Ghenea AE. The new entity of subacute thyroiditis amid the COVID-19 pandemic: from infection to vaccine. Diagnostics (Basel). 2022;12(4):960. doi:10.3390/diagnostics12040960
• Nora I, Shridhar R, Huston J, Meredith K. The accuracy of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio as a marker for gastrointestinal malignancies. J Gastrointest Oncol. 2018;9(5):972-978. doi: 10.21037/jgo.2018.08.05
• Doğan M, Boyacıoğlu M, Doğan AG. Evaluation of neutrophyl/lymphocyte ratio, platelet/lymphocyte ratio and mean platelet volume according to the disease activity index in patients of ankylosing spondylitis. J Health Sci Med. 2022;5(1):247-251. doi: 10.32322/jhsm.1012686
• Mosca M, Nigro MC, Pagani R, De Giglio A, Di Federico A. Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in NSCLC, gastrointestinal, and other solid tumors: immunotherapy and beyond. Biomolecules. 2023;13(12):1803.
• Ulutaş F, Çobankara V. Pan-immune-inflammation value (PIIV) in lupus nephritis. Med Sci Discov. 2023;10:234-238. doi:10.36472/msd.v10i4.918
• Yang XC, Liu H, Liu DC, Tong C, Liang XW, Chen HR. Prognostic value of pan-immune-inflammation value in colorectal cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Oncol. 2022;12:1036890.
• Truffi M, Sottotetti F, Gafni N, et al. Prognostic potential of immune inflammatory biomarkers in breast cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancers (Basel). 2022; 14(21):5287.
• Lin F, Zhang LP, Xie SY, et al. Pan-Immune-inflammation value: a new prognostic index in operative breast cancer. Front Oncol. 2022;12:830138.
• Gokce SF, Bolayır A, Cigdem B, Yildiz B. The role of systemic immune inflammatory index in showing active lesion in patients with multiple sclerosis: SII and other inflamatuar biomarker in radiological active multiple sclerosis patients. BMC Neurol. 2023;23(1):64.
• Kim Y, Choi H, Jung SM, Song JJ, Park YB, Lee SW. Systemic immune-inflammation index could estimate the cross-sectional high activity and the poor outcomes in immunosuppressive drug-naïve patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis. Nephrology (Carlton). 2019;24(7):711-717. doi:10.1111/nep.13491
• Hu B, Yang XR, Xu Y, et al. Systemic immune-inflammation index predicts prognosis of patients after curative resection for hepatocellular carcinoma. Clin Cancer Res. 2014;20(23):6212-6222.
• Daniels GH. Atypical subacute thyroiditis: preliminary observations. Thyroid. 2001;11(7):691-695.
• Golden SH, Robinson KA, Saldanha I, Anton B, Ladenson PW. Clinical review: prevalence and incidence of endocrine and metabolic disorders in the United States: a comprehensive review. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(6):1853-1878. doi: 10. 1210/jc.2008-2291
• Ohsako N, Tamai H, Sudo T, et al. Clinical characteristics of subacute thyroiditis classified according to human leukocyte antigen typing. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1995;80(12):3653-3656. doi:10.1210/jcem.80.12.8530615
• Burman KD, Baker Jr JR. Subacute thyroiditis Up to date clinical review. UpToDate Jan. 2018.
• Mantovani A, Cassatella MA, Costantini C, Jaillon S. Neutrophils in the activation and regulation of innate and adaptive immunity. Nat Rev Immunol. 2011;11(8):519-531. doi: 10.1038/nri3024
• Wang J, Arase H. Regulation of immune responses by neutrophils. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2014;1319:66-81. doi:10.1111/nyas.12445
• Boilard E, Nigrovic PA, Larabee K, et al. Platelets amplify inflammation in arthritis via collagen-dependent microparticle production. Science. 2010;327(5965):580-583. doi:10.1126/science. 1181928
• Calapkulu M, Sencar ME, Sakiz D, et al. The prognostic and diagnostic use of hematological parameters in subacute thyroiditis patients. Endocrine. 2020;68(1):138-143. doi:10.1007/s12020-019-02163-w
• Cengiz H, Varim C, Demirci T, Cetin S. Hemogram parameters in the patients with subacute thyroiditis. Pak J Med Sci. 2020;36(2): 240-245. doi:https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.36.2.1063
• Bahadir TÇ, Yilmaz M, Kiliçkan E. The role of neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and platelet to lymphocyte ratio in the diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis. Sabuncuoglu Serefeddin Health Sci. 2022;4(1):46-57.
• Turan E. Evaluation of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and hematologic parameters in patients with Graves’ disease. Bratisl Lek Listy. 2019;120(6):476-480. doi:10.4149/BLL_2019_076
• Baba Y, Nakagawa S, Toihata T, Harada K, Iwatsaku H. pan-immune-inflammation value and prognosis in patients with esophageal cancer. Ann Surg Open. 2021;3(1):e113. doi:10.1097/AS9.0000000000000113
• Guven DC, Sahin TK, Erul E, Kilickap S, Gambichler T, Aksoy S. The association between the pan-immune-inflammation value and cancer prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Cancers (Basel). 2022;14(11):2675.
• Zhang F, Li L, Wu X, et al. Pan-immune-inflammation value is associated with poor prognosis in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. Ren Fail. 2023;45(1):2158103.
• Ji Y, Wang H. Prognostic prediction of systemic immune-inflammation index for patients with gynecological and breast cancers: a meta-analysis. World J Surg Oncol. 2020;18(1):197.
• He K, Si L, Pan X, et al. Preoperative systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) as a superior predictor of long-term survival outcome in patients with stage I-II gastric cancer after radical surgery. Front Oncol. 2022;12:829689.
• Feng JF, Chen S, Yang X. Systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) is a useful prognostic indicator for patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the esophagus. Medicine (Baltimore). 2017; 96(4):e5886.
• Murthy P, Zenati MS, Al Abbas AI, et al. Prognostic value of the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) after neoadjuvant therapy for patients with resected pancreatic cancer. Ann Surg Oncol. 2020;27(3):898-906.
• Pakoz ZB, Ustaoglu M, Vatansever S, Yuksel ES, Topal F. Serum immune-inflammation index assessment in the patients with ulcerative colitis. Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2022;2022:9987214. doi:10.1155/2022/9987214
• Keskin Ç, Dilekçi EN, Üç ZA, Cengiz D, Duran C. Can the systemic immune-inflammation index be used as a novel diagnostic tool in the diagnosis of subacute thyroiditis?. Biomark Med. 2022;16(10):791-797.