Comparison of the timed limb coordination according to comorbidity level in community dwelling older adults

Abstract

Aim: The prevalence of chronic disease increases with aging. It is very important to examine the effects of comorbidity in older adults. The aim of this study is to compare the timed limb coordination according to comorbidity level in community dwelling older adults. Material and Method: Ninety six older adult were included. The socio-demographic data (age, height, weight, educational level, etc) recorded. Modified Charlson comorbidity index assessed comorbidity levels of older adults. The older adults performed timed limb coordination tests for upper and lower limb. Comorbidity levels were determined according to the Modified Charlson comorbidity index. Result:The age, gender, body mass index, cognitive status and education status were similar between groups (p >0.05). The participants with low comorbidity were found to have better timed limb coordination (p<0.001). Conclusion: We determined that the presence of chronic disease affects timed limb coordination in Turkish older adults. It may be important to investigate the effects of comorbidity, balance and coordination exercise programs were included physiotherapy programs in reducing the negative features of comorbidity in future studies.

Keywords

• Ageing
• comorbidity
• coordination impairment

References

1. Smith SM, Wallace E, O’Dowd T, Fortin M. Interventions for improving outcomes in patients with multimorbidity in primary care and community settings. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2016; 3: Cd006560.
2. Barnett K, Mercer SW, Norbury M, Watt G, Wyke S, Guthrie B. Epidemiology of multimorbidity and implications for health care, research, and medical education: a cross-sectional study. Lancet (Eng) 2012; 380: 37-43.
3. Glynn LG, Valderas JM, Healy P, et al. The prevalence of multimorbidity in primary care and its effect on health care utilization and cost. Fam Pract 2011; 28: 516-23.
4. Salive ME. Multimorbidity in older adults. Epidemiol Rev 2013; 35: 75-83.
5. Botes R, Vermeulen KM, Correia J, Buskens E, Janssen F. Relative contribution of various chronic diseases and multi-morbidity to potential disability among Dutch elderly. BMC Health Serv Res 2018; 18: 24.
6. Rueda-Delgado LM, Solesio-Jofre E, Serrien DJ, Mantini D, Daffertshofer A, Swinnen SP. Understanding bimanual coordination across small time scales from an electrophysiological perspective. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2014; 47: 614-35.
7. Serrien DJ, Swinnen SP, Stelmach GE. Age-related deterioration of coordinated interlimb behavior. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2000; 55: P295-303.
8. Shumway-Cook A, Woollacott MH. Motor control: translating research into clinical practice: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; 2007.

9. Hollman JH, Conner MN, Goodman KA, Kremer KH, Petkus MT, Lanzino DJ. Timed limb coordination performance is associated with walking speed in healthy older adults: a cross-sectional exploratory study. Gait Posture 2013; 38: 316-20.
10. Lanzino DJ, Conner MN, Goodman KA, Kremer KH, Petkus MT, Hollman JH. Values for timed limb coordination tests in a sample of healthy older adults. Age Ageing 2012; 41: 803-7.
11. Ryan A, Murphy C, Boland F, Galvin R, Smith SM. What is the impact of physical activity and physical function on the development of multimorbidity in older adults over time? a population-based cohort study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2018; 73: 1538-44.
12. Charlson M, Wells MT, Ullman R, King F, Shmukler C. The Charlson comorbidity index can be used prospectively to identify patients who will incur high future costs. PloS one 2014; 9: e112479.
13. Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatry Res 1975; 12: 189-98.
14. Güngen C, Ertan T, Eker E, Yaşar R, Engin F. Standardize mini mental test’in Türk toplumunda hafif demans tanısında geçerlik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Derg 2002; 13: 273-81.
15. Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis 1987; 40: 373-83.
16. Beddhu S, Bruns FJ, Saul M, Seddon P, Zeidel ML. A simple comorbidity scale predicts clinical outcomes and costs in dialysis patients. Am J Med 2000; 108: 609-13.
17. Mirelman A, Bernad-Elazari H, Nobel T, et al. Effects of aging on arm swing during gait: the role of gait speed and dual tasking. PloS one 2015; 10: e0136043.
18. James EG, Leveille SG, Hausdorff JM, et al. Rhythmic interlimb coordination impairments and the risk for developing mobility limitations. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72: 1143-8.
19. Heuninckx S, Wenderoth N, Debaere F, Peeters R, Swinnen SP. Neural basis of aging: the penetration of cognition into action control. J Neurosci 2005; 25: 6787-96.
20. Capranica L, Tessitore A, Olivieri B, Minganti C, Pesce C. Field evaluation of cycled coupled movements of hand and foot in older individuals. Gerontology 2004; 50: 399-406.
21. Margolis JF, Christina RW. A test of Schmidt’s schema theory of discrete motor skill learning. Res Q Exerc Sport 1981; 52: 474-83.
22. de Rugy A, Montagne G, Buekers MJ, Laurent M. The control of human locomotor pointing under restricted informational conditions. Neurosci Lett 2000; 281: 87-90.
23. James EG, Leveille SG, Hausdorff JM, et al. Rhythmic Interlimb Coordination Impairments Are Associated With Mobility Limitations Among Older Adults. Exp Aging Res 2017; 43: 337-45.
24. Peel NM, Kuys SS, Klein K. Gait speed as a measure in geriatric assessment in clinical settings: a systematic review. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2013; 68: 39-46.
25. National Guideline Centre (UK). Multimorbidity: Assessment, Prioritisation and Management of Care for People with Commonly Occurring Multimorbidity. London: National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (UK); September 2016.
26. Ortiz PJ, Tello T, Aliaga EG, et al. Effect of multimorbidity on gait speed in well-functioning older people: A population-based study in Peru. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 293-300.
27. Franssen EH, Souren LE, Torossian CL, Reisberg B. Equilibrium and limb coordination in mild cognitive impairment and mild Alzheimer’s disease. J Am Geriatr Soc 1999; 47: 463-9.