The effect of restorative dentistry practices on the vital signs of healthy individuals

Abstract

Aim: Clinical applications of dentistry, the tools and drugs used increase the effects of anxiety and stress factors that we encounter before the treatment, but also cause changes in the life symptoms of the patients. In this study, it is aimed to evaluate the effects of Restorative Dentistry applications on vital signs parameters such as blood pressure, heart rate, body temperature and oxygen saturation of healthy individuals before and after the interventional procedure. Material and Method: In the study, blood pressure, pulse rate, body temperature and oxygen saturation values ​​of 100 patients without any systemic disease were measured before clinical applications. Following the treatment intervention, the same parameters were measured again and evaluated by comparing the previous and next values. Result: In the patients who were not applied local anesthesia, the post-treatment measurement values ​​of the body temperature parameter were significantly higher than the initial measurement values ​​(p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the first and last measurement values ​​of other parameters (p>0.05). In patients who were applied local anesthesia, the last measurement values ​​of body temperature and systolic blood pressure were significantly lower than the initial measurement values ​​(p<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between the first and last measurement values ​​of diastolic blood pressure and other parameters (p>0.05). Conclusion: We think that measures such as a relationship based on mutual trust, approaching expectations with understanding, informing about interventional procedures and operating consent processes will prevent patients from anxiety during the session and keep vital parameter values ​​at a normal level.

Keywords

• Restorative Dentistry
• Blood Pressure
• Body Temperature
• Oxygen Saturation
• Pulse

References

1. Ball JW, Dains JE, Flynn JA, Solomon BS, Stewart RW. Vital signs and pain assessment. Seidel’s Guide to Physical Examination. Elsevier/Mosby; 2015: 50-63.
2. Goldman L, Schafer AI. Goldman-Cecil Medicine E-Book. 25th ed. St. Louis, MO: Elsevie Health Sciences; 2015.
3. TC. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Yaşam (Vital) Bulguları. Hemşirelik. Ankara 2012; 1-68.
4. TC. Milli Eğitim Bakanlığı Vital Bulgular. Anestezi ve Reanimasyon. Ankara 2011; 1-98.
5. Parati G, Stergiou GS, Asmar R, et al. European Society of Hypertension Practice Guidelines for home blood pressure monitoring. J Hum Hypertens. 2010; 24: 779-85.
6. Salma RG, Abu-Naim H, Ahmad O, Akelah D, Salem Y, Midoun E. Vital signs changes during different dental procedures: A prospective longitudinal cross-over clinical trial. Oral Medicine 2019; 127: 30-9.
7. Rodríguez-Molinero A, Narvaiza L, Ruiz J, Gálvez-Barrón C. Normal respiratory rate and peripheral blood oxygen saturation in the elderly population. J Am Geriatr Soc 2013; 61: 2238-40.
8. Guyton AC, Hall JE. Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology. 11th Ed Philadelphia PA: Saunders Elsevier 2006.

9. Gedik RG, Marakoglu I, Demirer S. Blood pressure, heart rate and temperature variability during periodontal surgery. West Indian Med J 2005; 54: 329-33.
10. Tillfors M, El-Khouri B, Stein MB, Trost K. Relationships between social anxiety, depressive symptoms and antisocial behaviors: evidence from a prospective study of adolescent boys. J Anxiety Disord 2009; 23: 718-24.
11. Ruscio AM, et al. Broadening the definition of generalized anxiety disorder: effects on prevalence and associations with other disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. J Anxiety Disord 2007; 21: 662-76.
12. Ayaz A, Bilgin N, Mollaoğlu N. The use of stait-trait anxiety inventory in dental anxiety management. ADO J Clin Sci 2017; 8: 1553-60.
13. Ketabi M, Shamami S, Alaie M, Shamami MS. Influence of local anesthetics with or without epinephrine 1/80000 on blood pressure and heart rate: A randomized double-blind experimental clinical trial. Dent Res J (Isfahan) 2012; 9: 437-40.
14. Ay S, Özdemir D, Öztürk M, Polat S. An assesment of dental anxiety in oral surgery patients. Gülhane Tıp Derg 2002; 4484: 395-8.
15. Öcek ZA, Karababa AO, Türk M, Çiçeklioğlu M. Assessment of aetiology of dental anxiety of patients applying to Ege University, School of Dentistry. Ege Üni Diş Hek Fak Derg 2001: 22; 121-9.
16. Armfield JM, Spencer AJ, Stewart JF. Dental fear in Australia: who's afraid of the dentist? Aust Dent J 2006; 51: 78-85.
17. Matthias AT, Samarasekera DN. Preoperative anxiety in surgical patients-experience of a single unit. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan 2012; 50: 3-6.
18. 18.Garip H, Abali O, Goker K, Gokturk U, Garip Y. Anxiety and extraction of third molars in Turkish patients. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004; 42: 551-4.
19. Muğlalı M, Kömerik N. Oral surgery and anxiety. Cumhuriyet Üni Diş Hek Fak Derg 2005; 8: 83-8.
20. Özdemir AK, Özdemir HD, Coşkun A, Taşveren S. Investigation of a patient's anxiety in other clinics with denture clinic in faculty of dentistry. Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Dişhekimliği Fakültesi Derg 2001; 4: 71-4.
21. Menziletoğlu D, Akbulut MB, Büyükerkmen EB, Işık BK. The evaluation of dental fear and anxiety levels of preclinical and clinical dental students. Selcuk Dent J, 2018; 5: 22-30.
22. Sezer U, Üstün K, Şenyurt SZ, Çiftçi ME, Erciyas K. The evaluation ofanxiety in periodontal patients. Cumhuriyet Dent J 2012; 15: 297-306.
23. Casap N, Alterman M, Sharon G, Samuni Y. The effect of informed consent on stress levels associated with extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2008; 66: 878-81.
24. Wong M, Lytle WR. A comparison of anxiety levels associated with root canal therapy and oral surgery treatment. J Endod, 1991; 17: 461-5.
25. Laragnoit AB, Neves RS, Neves IL, Vieira JE. Locoregional anesthesia for dental treatment in cardiac patients: a comparative study of 2% plain lidocaine and 2% lidocaine with epinephrine (1:100,000). Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2009; 64: 177-82.
26. Nakamura Y, Matsumura K, Miura K, Kurokawa H, Abe I, Takata Y. Cardiovascular and sympathetic responses to dental surgery with local anesthesia. Hypertens Res 2001; 24: 209-14.
27. Elad S, et al. The cardiovascular effect of local anesthesia with articaine plus 1:200,000 adrenalin versus lidocaine plus 1:100,000 adrenalin in medically compromised cardiac patients: a prospective, randomized, double blinded study. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2008; 105: 725-30.
28. Tomeva N, Deliverska E. Monitoring of vital signs and hemodynamic changes in patients undergoing tooth extraction and third molar surgery - literature review. J of IMAB. 2020; 26: 3087-91.
29. Amoian B, Rabiee M, Aghvami M, Milani S. Evaluation of hemodynamic and SpO2 variability during different stages of periodontal surgery. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2013; 17: 612-6.
30. Alemany-Martínez A, Valmaseda-Castellón E, Berini-Aytés L, Gay-Escoda C. Hemodynamic changes during the surgical removal of lower third molars. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2008; 66: 453-61.
31. Güngörmüş M, Dayı E, Büyükkurt C. Clinical research of the effects on pulse and blood pressure of two different local anesthetic solutions used normotensive and hypertensive Patients. OMU Diş Hek Fak Derg 2002; 3: 94-7.
32. Faraco FN, Kawakami PY, Mestnik MJ, Ferrari DS, Shibli JA. Effect of Ansethetics containing lidocaine and epinephrine on cardiovascular changes during dental implant surgery. J Oral Implantol 2007; 33: 84-8.