Characteristics and effects of headaches on quality of life in individuals with epilepsy in Çorum province of Turkey

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 5, 943 - 947, 28.09.2023

Sinan Eliaçık , Serdar Aykaç

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1307268

Öz

Aims: Varying headache prevalence rates have been reported in individuals with epilepsy in the literature. This study was investigate the frequency and types of headaches in individuals with epilepsy, and the impact of headaches on the clinical features and quality of life in this patient group.
Methods: 150 individuals with epilepsy, 83 female and 67 male, were included in the study sample by random sampling method. Headaches were primarily defined as pre-ictal, ictal, and post-ictal headaches according to the temporal relationship with seizures. Headaches that were not temporally related to seizures were defined as inter-ictal headaches. Types and features of participants’ headaches were evaluated using the headache questionnaire consisting of 35 questions. Individuals’ quality of life was evaluated using the Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory (QOLIE-10).
Results: Of the 150 participants included in the study, 73.33% had generalized, 20% focal, and 6.66% combined generalized focal epilepsy, and 41.33% had accompanying headache complaints. Of the participants with headaches, 35.48% were male and 64.51% were female. Inter-ictal headache, which was detected in 72.58% participants, was the most common type of headache. Tension and migrainous type headaches were more common among participants with inter-ictal headache, whereas migrainous type headaches were more common among participants with pre- and post-ictal headaches. There were statistically significant differences in the scores obtained from all three subscales of QOLIE-10 inventory between the participants with and without headache. Accordingly, quality of life was worse in the headache group than in the headache-free group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Although clinicians focus more on diagnosis and treatment in the context of epilepsy, the treatment of comorbidities is also important. In this context, it is likely that accurate diagnosis of headaches in individuals with epilepsy and treating headaches along with epilepsy will significantly reduce the burden of disease in this patient group.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Headache, migraine, tension headache, epilepsy, quality of life

Kaynakça

• Headache classification committee of the international headache society (IHS). The international classification of headache disorders, 3rd edition (beta version). Cephalalgia. 2013;33:629-808. doi:10.1177/0333102413485658.
• Cianchetti C, Pruna D, Ledda M. Epileptic seizures and headache/migraine: A review of types of association and terminology. Seizure. 2013;22:679-685. doi:10.1016/j.seizure.2013.05.017.
• Tsiropoulos I, Sidaros AS. New classification of epileptic seizures and the epilepsies. Ugeskr Laeger. 2022;184(26):V03220159.
• Bauer PR, Tolner EA, Keezer MR, Ferrari MD, Sande JW. Headache in people with epilepsy. Nat Revi Neurol. 2021;17(9):529-544. doi:10.1038/s41582-021-00516-6.
• Atalar AÇ, Türk BG, Ekizoglu E, et al. Headache in idiopathic/genetic epilepsy:cluster analysis in a large cohort. Epilepsia. 2022;63:1516-1529. doi:10.1111/epi.17205.
• Bensken WP, Fernandez-Baca Vaca G, Jobst BC, et al. Burden of chronic and acute conditions and symptoms in people with epilepsy. Neurology. 2021;97(24):2368-2380. doi:10.1212/WNL.0000000000012975.
• Özer G, Ünal Y, Kutlu G, Gömceli Y, İnan L. Prevalence of interictal headache in patients with epilepsy. Epilepsi. 2018;24(2):51-54. doi:10.14744/epilepsi.2018.26928
• Kim DW, Lee SK. Headache and epilepsy. J Epilepsy Res. 2017;7(1):7-15. doi:10.14581/jer.17002.
• Sutherland HG, Albury CL, Griffiths LR. Advances in genetics of migraine. J Headache Pain. 2019;20:72. doi:10.1186/s10194-019-1017-9.
• Dedei Daryan M, Guveli BT. Prevalence and clinical characteristics of headache in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy:experience from a tertiary epilepsy center. Neurol Sci. 2018;39(3):519-525. doi:10.1007/s10072-017-3232-y.
• Kingston WS, Schwedt TJ. The relationship between headaches with epileptic and non-epileptic seizures:a narrative review. Curr Pain Headache Rep. 2017;21(3):17. doi:10.1007/s11916-017-0617-9.
• Nesterovsky YE, Zavadenko NN. Comorbidity of migraine and epilepsy in childhood. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2018;118(4):100-106.doi:10.17116/jnevro201811841100-106.
• Nuottamo ME, Häppölä P, Artto V, et al. NCOR2 is a novel candidate gene for migraine-epilepsy phenotype. Cephalalgia. 2022;42:631-644. doi:10.1177/03331024211068065.
• Y Lin, M Ding, Q Gong, Z Xiao. Downregulation of GABAARα1 aggravates comorbidity of epilepsy and migraine via the TLR4 signaling pathway. Brain Sci. 2022;12(11):1436. doi:10.3390/brainsci12111436.
• Förderreuther S, Müller A, Straube A. Haufigkeit und klassifikation postiktaler kopfschmerzen: eine epidemiologische untersuchung. Akt Neurol. 1998;25:159.
• Ito M, Adachi N, Nakamura F, et al. Characteristics of post-ictal headache in patients with partial epilepsy. Cephalalgia. 2004;24:23-28. doi:10.1111/j.1468-2982.2004.00628.x.
• HELP (Headache in Epileptic Patients) Study Group. Multi-center study on migraine and seizure-related headache in patients with epilepsy. Yonsei Med J. 2010;51:219-224. doi:10.3349/ymj.2010.51.2.219.
• Honari B, Homam SM, Nabipour M, Mostafavian Z, Farajpour A, Sahbaie N. Epilepsy and quality of life in iranian epileptic patients. J Patient Rep Outcomes. 2021;5(1):16. doi:10.1186/s41687-021-00292-3.
• Alanis-Guevara I, Peña E, Corona T, López -Ayala T, López-Meza E, López-Gómez M. Sleep disturbances, socioeconomic status, and seizure control as main predictors of quality of life in epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav. 2005;7(3):481-5. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2005.06.010.
• Edefonti V, Bravi F, Turner K, et al. Health-related quality of life in adults with epilepsy: the efect of age, age at onset and duration of epilepsy in a multicentre italian study. BMC Neurol. 2011;11:33. doi:10.1186/1471-2377-11-33.
• Malik NI, Fatima R, Ullah I, et al. Perceived stigma, discrimination and psychological problems among patients with epilepsy. Front Psychiatry. 2022;13:1000870. doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1000870
• Sakurai H, Kanemoto K. Quality of life for patients with psychogenic nonepilepsy seizures in comparison with age- and gender-matched patients with epilepsy - cross-sectional study. Epilepsy Behav. 2022;128:108539. doi:10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108539
• Henning O, Buer C, Nakken KO, Lossius MI. People with epilepsy still feel stigmatized. Acta Neurologica Scand. 2021;144(3):312-316. doi:10.1111/ane.13449.