Investigation of the chemical composition, antioxidant and anticholinesterase activities of Consolida orientalis

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 6, 691 - 695, 27.10.2024

Eda Sönmez Gürer , Ayşe Esra Karadağ , Rengin Baydar , Melek Demirel

https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1536913

Öz

Aims: It is known that a decrease in the amount of acetylcholine in the body, which is known to be responsible for learning and cholinergic activity in the nervous system, causes Alzheimer’s disease. Acetylcholine is destroyed by acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and Butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) enzymes in the nervous system. Consolida orientalis (C. orientalis) is a species that belongs to the Ranunculaceae family and grows naturally in many parts of the world. It is known that it plays a role in many biological activities thanks to its content of important phytochemical components such as phenolics and alkaloids. In this study; It was aimed to investigate the antioxidant activity, AChE and BChE enzyme inhibition activities of C. orientalis flower extracts.
Methods: The chemical content of ethanol extracts obtained from the flowers of C. orientalis plant, which was collected and identified from Sivas İmaret village between June and July 2023, was examined with 6 different reference substances (gallic acid, rosmarinic acid, myrcetin, quercetin, apigenin and camphorol). Antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) tests. Ascorbic acid and trolox were used as positive controls. The inhibition capacity of the samples on AChE and BChE enzymes was determined by the Ellman method.
Results: Chemical content analysis of the extract was performed by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) and only gallic acid was detected among the standard compounds. When C. orientalis ethanol extracts were examined with DPPH and ABTS tests, they showed low-moderate antioxidant activity (IC50 (µg/ml) DPPH=4.8, IC50 (µg/ml) ABTS=4.4) compared to standard substances. C. orientalis ethanol extract was studied at a concentration of 20 µg/ml. The extract inhibited the AChE enzyme at 66.5% and the BChE enzyme at 53.2%. It was observed that the extract inhibited both enzymes at moderate to good levels, although not higher than galantamine used as positive control.
Conclusion: This study shows us that C. orientalis flowers have therapeutic potential for the effective management of neurological disorders due to their antioxidant and anticholinesterase activity. It is thought that our data will contribute to the literature as a preliminary study for the development of a new phytotherapeutic agent in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Acetylcholinesterase, Alzheimer’s disease, antioxidant, butyrylcholinesterase, Consolida orientalis

Kaynakça

• Dehpour AA. Antioxidant activity and ısolation of β-sitosterol from ethyl acetate extract of aerial parts of Consolida orientalis. Preprints (Basel). 2016. doi:10.20944/preprints201609.0037.v1
• Rayess YE, Nehme L, Ghanem C. Phenolic content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities evaluation and relationship of commercial spices in the lebanese market. BMC Chem. 2023;17(1):157. doi:10.1186/s13065-023-01074-2
• Demir Z, Türkan F. Asetilkolinesteraz ve bütirilkolinesteraz enzimlerinin alzheimer hastalığı ile ilişkisi. Iğdır Üni Fen Bil Enstit Derg. 2022;12(4):2386-2395. doi:10.21597/jist.1161271
• Rocchetti G, Zengin G, Cakmak YS. A UHPLC-QTOF-MS screening provides new insights into the phytochemical composition and biological properties of six Consolida species from Turkey. Ind Crops Prod. 2020;158:112966. doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112966
• Olsen JD, Sisson DV. Toxicity of extracts of tall larkspur (Delphinium barbeyi) in mice, hamsters, rats and sheep. Toxicol Lett. 1991;56(1-2):33-41. doi:10.1016/0378-4274(91)90087-M
• Ertuğrul K, Arslan E, Tugay O. Characterization of Consolida SF Gray (Ranunculaceae) taxa in Turkey by seed storage protein electrophoresis. Turk J Biochemist. 2010;35:99-104.
• Liu Y, Tikunov Y, Schouten RE, Marcelis LFM, Visser RGF, Bovy A. Anthocyanin biosynthesis and degradation mechanisms in solanaceous vegetables: a review. Front Chem. 2018:6. doi:10. 3389/fchem.2018.00052
• Mansuroglu S, Karaguzel O, Ortacesme V. Effect of paclobutrazol on flowering, leaf and flower colour of Consolida orientalis. Pak J Bot. 2009;41(5): 2323-2332.
• Dehpour AA, Ebrahimzadeh M, Roudgar A, Nabavi SF, Nabavi SM. Antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Consolida orientalis. World Acad Sci Eng Technol. 2011;73:162-166.
• Nemati F, Dehpouri AA, Eslami B, Mahdavi V, Mirzanejad S. Cytotoxic properties of some medicinal plant extracts from Mazandaran, Iran. Iran Red Crescent Med J. 2013;15(11). doi:10. 5812/ircmj.8871
• Mata AT, Proença C, Ferreira AR, Serralheiro MLM, Nogueira JMF, Araújo MEM. Antioxidant and antiacetylcholinesterase activities of five plants used as Portuguese food spices. Food Chem. 2007;103(3):778-786. doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2006.09.017
• Okur ME, Ayla Ş, Karadağ AE, Çiçek Polat D, Demirci S, Seçkin İ. Opuntia ficus indica fruits ameliorate cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity in mice. Biol Pharm Bull. 2020;43(5):831-838. doi:10.1248/bpb.b19-01044
• Blois MS. Antioxidant determinations by the use of a stable free radical. Nature. 1958;181(4617):1199-1200. doi:10.1038/1811199a0
• Karadağ AE, Demirci B, Çaşkurlu A. In vitro antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and analgesic evaluation of Rosmarinus officinalis L. flower extract fractions. South African J Botany. 2019;125:214-220. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2019.07.039
• Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C. Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radic Biol Med. 1999;26(9-10):1231-1237. doi:10.1016/S0891-5849(98)00315-3
• Karadağ AE, Demirci B, Kültür Ş, Demirci F, Başer KHC. Antimicrobial, anticholinesterase evaluation and chemical characterization of essential oil Phlomis kurdica Rech. fil. growing in Turkey. J Essent Oil Res. 2020;32(3):242-246. doi:10.1080/10412905.2020.1743786
• Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF, Picot-Allain CMN, Cakmak YS, Uysal S, Aktumsek A. In vitro tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of Consolida orientalis, Onosma isauricum and Spartium junceum from Turkey. South African J Botany. 2019;120:119-123. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2018.01.010
• Patel SS, Raghuwanshi R, Masood M, Acharya A, Jain SK. Medicinal plants with acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. Rev Neurosci. 2018;29(5):491-529. doi:10.1515/revneuro- 2017-0054
• Şener B, Orhan I, Özçelik B. Diterpenoid alkaloids from some Turkish Consolida species and their antiviral activities. Arkivoc. 2006;2007(7):265-272. doi:10.3998/ark.5550190.0008.722
• Zengin G, Mahomoodally MF, Picot-Allain CMN, Cakmak YS, Uysal S, Aktumsek A. In vitro tyrosinase inhibitory and antioxidant potential of Consolida orientalis, Onosma isauricum and Spartium junceum from Turkey. South African J Botany. 2019;120:119-123. doi:10.1016/j.sajb.2018.01.010
• Hohmann J, Forgo P, Hajdú Z, Varga E, Máthé I. norditerpenoid alkaloids from Consolida orientalis and complete 1H and 13C NMR signal assignments of some lycoctonine-type alkaloids. J Nat Prod. 2002;65(7):1069-1072. doi:10.1021/np020026z
• Meriçli F, Meriçli AH, Ulubelen A, Desai HK, Pelletier SW. Norditerpenoid and diterpenoid alkaloids from Turkish Consolida orientalis. J Nat Prod. 2001;64(6):787-789. doi:10.1021/np0005558
• Ucar E. In-vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and various enzyme inhibitory activities of ethanol extracts from different organs of Consolida regalis. Fresenius Environ Bull. 2018;27(9):5950-5957.
• Özpınar N. Consolida orientalis (Gay.) Schröd. ekstraktlarının Acanthamoeba castellanii trofozoit ve kist formları üzerine ameboisidal etkisi ve sitotoksik potansiyeli. Inter J Academ Med Pharm. 2020;EK-1(EK-1):34-39. doi:10.29228/jamp.42842
• Ghanbarpour K, Tavassoli M, Shamsi L. Pesticide effects of Consolida orientalis extract on larval stage of Argas persicus (Acari: Argasidae). Persian J Acarol. 2019;8(3):265-270. doi:10. 22073/pja.v8i3.45290
• Demir Z, Türkan F. Asetilkolinesteraz ve bütirilkolinesteraz enzimlerinin alzheimer hastalığı ile ilişkisi. J Instit Sci Technol. 2022;12(4):2386-2395.