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Birinci trimester prenatal tarama maternal anksiyete üzerinde etkili midir? Prospektif bir kohort çalışması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 5, 794 - 799, 16.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1709742

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, birinci trimester kombine Down sendromu taraması için başvuran gebelerin anksiyete düzeylerini değerlendirmek ve tarama sonuçlarının annenin anksiyetesi üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektir...
Yöntemler: Bu çalışma Mart ve Haziran 2025 tarihleri arasında prospektif olarak gerçekleştirilmiş olup 158 gebe kadını kapsamaktadır. Katılımcıların durumluk (STAI-I) ve sürekli (STAI-II) kaygı düzeylerini değerlendirmek için Spielberger Durumluk-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılara ilk başvurularında STAI-Ia ve STAI-II uygulanmış ve birinci trimester taraması yapılmıştır. İlk trimester tarama sonucu danışmanlığının ardından katılımcılara durumluk kaygı endeksi (STAI-Ib) tekrar uygulanmıştır. Katılımcıların kaygı düzeylerindeki değişimler değerlendirilmiştir.
Bulgular: Hastaların tarama öncesi ortalama durumluk kaygı puanları (STAI-Ia), sürekli kaygı puanlarından (STAI-II) daha yüksekti (39,77±6,03 ve 36,61±4,63; p<0,001). Toplam 22 hastanın (%13,9) ilk trimester tarama testleri pozitif sonuç vermiştir. Tarama sonuçları pozitif olan hastaların birinci trimester tarama ve danışmanlık (STAI-Ib) sonrası durumluk anksiyete puanları, tarama öncesi puanlarına (STAI-Ia) kıyasla daha yüksektir (39,68±6,38 vs. 42,45 6,26, p<0,001). Tarama negatif hastalarda durumluk anksiyete skorları tarama öncesine göre azalmıştır (39,79±6,00 vs. 36,93±5,27, p<0,001).
Sonuç: İlk trimester taraması için başvurunun hastalarda durumluk anksiyeteye neden olduğu gösterilmiştir. Özellikle tarama sonuçları pozitif çıkan hastalarda maternal anksiyetenin olumsuz etkilerini önlemek için sosyal ve psikolojik destek sağlanmalıdır.

Etik Beyan

Çalışmanın etik onayı Yozgat Bozok Üniversitesi Etik Kurulu’ndan alındı ​​(Tarih: 05.03.2025 No: 2025-GOKAEK-255_05.03.2025-370).

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Teşekkür

Yazarlar, katılımcıların çalışmaya alınmasında değerli katkıları bulunan Yozgat Şehir Hastanesi'ndeki tüm kadın doğum uzmanlarına şükranlarını sunarlar.

Kaynakça

  • Dryer R, Brunton R. Pregnancy-related anxiety. Theory, Research, and Practice. 1st ed. Routledge 2022.
  • Abdelmoula NB. The association between pregnancy-specific anxiety and fetal malformations: a cohort study. Eur Psychiatry. 2023;66(S1): S502-S502. doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.1068
  • Oyelese Y, Schioppo D, O’Brien B. Prenatal screening and diagnosis: time for a paradigm shift. Am J Perinatol. 2025;42(4):538-545. doi:10. 1055/a-2312-8824
  • Alldred SK, Takwoingi Y, Guo B, et al. First trimester ultrasound tests alone or in combination with first trimester serum tests for Down’s syndrome screening. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 1996;2017(3): CD012600. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012600
  • Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. Doğum öncesi bakım yönetim rehberi. Retrieved October; 2024.
  • Georgsson OS, Saltvedt S, Waldenström U, Grunewald C, Olin-Lauritzen S. Pregnant women’s responses to information about an increased risk of carrying a baby with Down syndrome. Birth. 2006; 33(1):64-73. doi:10.1111/j.0730-7659.2006.00075.x
  • Fischbein RL, Nicholas L, Kingsbury DM, Falletta LM, Baughman KR, VanGeest J. State anxiety in pregnancies affected by obstetric complications: a systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2019;257:214-240. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.007
  • Madigan S, Oatley H, Racine N, et al. A meta-analysis of maternal prenatal depression and anxiety on child socioemotional development. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2018;57(9):645-657.e8. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2018.06.012
  • Volpe N, Sen C, Turan S, et al. First trimester examination of fetal anatomy: clinical practice guideline by the World Association of Perinatal Medicine (WAPM) and the Perinatal Medicine Foundation (PMF). J Perinat Med. 2022;50(7):863-877. doi:10.1515/jpm-2022-0125
  • Spielberger CD, Gonzalez-Reigosa F, Martinez-Urrutia A, Natalicio LF, Natalicio DS. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Interam J Psychol. 1971;5:3-4.
  • Öner N, LeCompte WA. Durumluk-sürekli kaygı envanteri el kitabı. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları; 1985.
  • Grant KA, McMahon C, Austin MP. Maternal anxiety during the transition to parenthood: a prospective study. J Affect Disord. 2008; 108(1-2):101-111. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.10.002
  • Akalın M, Yalçın M, Demirci O, et al. Positive effects of fetal echocardiography on maternal anxiety: a prospective study in a tertiary center in Turkey. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2022;43(4):585-592. doi:10.1080/0167482X.2022.2124911
  • Lou S, Mikkelsen L, Hvidman L, Petersen OB, Nielsen CP. Does screening for Down’s syndrome cause anxiety in pregnant women? A systematic review. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015;94(1):15-27. doi:10. 1111/aogs.12482
  • Müller M, Bleker O, Bonsel G, Bilardo C. Nuchal translucency screening and anxiety levels in pregnancy and puerperium. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2006;27(4):357-361. doi:10.1002/uog.2761
  • Mousavi S, Hantoushzadeh S, Sheikh M, Shariat M. Maternal anxiety and the second-trimester prenatal screening: a prospective cohort study. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2015;38(4):269-275. doi:10.1159/000381640
  • Green JM, Hewison J, Bekker HL, Bryant LD, Cuckle HS. Psychosocial aspects of genetic screening of pregnant women and newborns: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess. 2004;8(33):iii-109. doi:10.3310/hta8330
  • Georgsson Ohman S, Grunewald C, Waldenström U. Perception of risk in relation to ultrasound screening for Down’s syndrome during pregnancy. Midwifery. 2009;25(3):264-276. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2007.04. 007
  • Richmond Z, Fleischer R, Chopra M, et al. The impact of non-invasive prenatal testing on anxiety in women considered at high or low risk for aneuploidy after combined first trimester screening. Prenat Diagn. 2017; 37(10):975-982. doi:10.1002/pd.5110
  • Bardi F, Bakker M, Kenkhuis MJ, et al. Psychological outcomes, knowledge and preferences of pregnant women on first-trimester screening for fetal structural abnormalities: a prospective cohort study. PloS One. 2021;16(1):e0245938. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245938
  • Campillo ISL, Meaney S, McNamara K, O’Donoghue K. Psychological and support interventions to reduce levels of stress, anxiety or depression on women’s subsequent pregnancy with a history of miscarriage: an empty systematic review. BMJ Open. 2017;7(9):e017802. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017802

Does first trimester prenatal screening impact on maternal anxiety? A prospective cohort study

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 5, 794 - 799, 16.09.2025
https://doi.org/10.32322/jhsm.1709742

Öz

Aims: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the anxiety levels of pregnant women who were admitted for combined first trimester screening test, and to determine the effect of screening results on maternal anxiety.
Methods: The present study was carried out prospectively between March and June 2025, and comprised 148 pregnant women. The Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory was utilised in order to evaluate the participants’ state (STAI-I) and trait (STAI-II) anxiety levels. The STAI-Ia and STAI-II were administered to participants at their first admission, and first-trimester screening was performed. Following the counselling of first trimester screening results the State Anxiety Index (STAI-Ib) was re-administered to the participants. Changes in participants’ anxiety levels were evaluated.
Results: The mean pre-screening state anxiety scores (STAI-Ia) of the patients were higher than their trait anxiety scores (STAI-II) (39.80±6.08 and 36.68±4.70 respectively; p<0.001). A total of 12 patients (13.9%) exhibited positive results in their first trimester screening tests. Patients with positive test results had higher state anxiety scores after first-trimester screening and counselling (STAI-Ib), compared to pre-screening scores (STAI-Ia) (40.00±7.26 vs. 43.25±7.38, p=0.003). 75% of the patients with positive test results demonstrated a probable clinical anxiety score. In patients with negative test result, state anxiety scores reduced compared to pre-sceening scores (39.79±6.00 vs. 36.93±5.27, p<0.001).
Conclusion: Admission for first trimester screening has been shown to induce state anxiety in the patients. Social and psychological support should be provided to prevent the negative effects of maternal anxiety, especially in patients with positive screening results.

Etik Beyan

Ethical approval for the study was obtained from the Ethics Committee of Yozgat Bozok University (Date: 05.03.2025 No: 2025-GOKAEK-255_05.03.2025-370).

Destekleyen Kurum

None

Teşekkür

The authors would like to express their gratitude to all the obstetricians at Yozgat City Hospital for their invaluable contributions in recruiting participants for the study.

Kaynakça

  • Dryer R, Brunton R. Pregnancy-related anxiety. Theory, Research, and Practice. 1st ed. Routledge 2022.
  • Abdelmoula NB. The association between pregnancy-specific anxiety and fetal malformations: a cohort study. Eur Psychiatry. 2023;66(S1): S502-S502. doi:10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.1068
  • Oyelese Y, Schioppo D, O’Brien B. Prenatal screening and diagnosis: time for a paradigm shift. Am J Perinatol. 2025;42(4):538-545. doi:10. 1055/a-2312-8824
  • Alldred SK, Takwoingi Y, Guo B, et al. First trimester ultrasound tests alone or in combination with first trimester serum tests for Down’s syndrome screening. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 1996;2017(3): CD012600. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012600
  • Halk Sağlığı Genel Müdürlüğü. Doğum öncesi bakım yönetim rehberi. Retrieved October; 2024.
  • Georgsson OS, Saltvedt S, Waldenström U, Grunewald C, Olin-Lauritzen S. Pregnant women’s responses to information about an increased risk of carrying a baby with Down syndrome. Birth. 2006; 33(1):64-73. doi:10.1111/j.0730-7659.2006.00075.x
  • Fischbein RL, Nicholas L, Kingsbury DM, Falletta LM, Baughman KR, VanGeest J. State anxiety in pregnancies affected by obstetric complications: a systematic review. J Affect Disord. 2019;257:214-240. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.007
  • Madigan S, Oatley H, Racine N, et al. A meta-analysis of maternal prenatal depression and anxiety on child socioemotional development. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2018;57(9):645-657.e8. doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2018.06.012
  • Volpe N, Sen C, Turan S, et al. First trimester examination of fetal anatomy: clinical practice guideline by the World Association of Perinatal Medicine (WAPM) and the Perinatal Medicine Foundation (PMF). J Perinat Med. 2022;50(7):863-877. doi:10.1515/jpm-2022-0125
  • Spielberger CD, Gonzalez-Reigosa F, Martinez-Urrutia A, Natalicio LF, Natalicio DS. The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. Interam J Psychol. 1971;5:3-4.
  • Öner N, LeCompte WA. Durumluk-sürekli kaygı envanteri el kitabı. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınları; 1985.
  • Grant KA, McMahon C, Austin MP. Maternal anxiety during the transition to parenthood: a prospective study. J Affect Disord. 2008; 108(1-2):101-111. doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.10.002
  • Akalın M, Yalçın M, Demirci O, et al. Positive effects of fetal echocardiography on maternal anxiety: a prospective study in a tertiary center in Turkey. J Psychosom Obstet Gynaecol. 2022;43(4):585-592. doi:10.1080/0167482X.2022.2124911
  • Lou S, Mikkelsen L, Hvidman L, Petersen OB, Nielsen CP. Does screening for Down’s syndrome cause anxiety in pregnant women? A systematic review. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2015;94(1):15-27. doi:10. 1111/aogs.12482
  • Müller M, Bleker O, Bonsel G, Bilardo C. Nuchal translucency screening and anxiety levels in pregnancy and puerperium. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2006;27(4):357-361. doi:10.1002/uog.2761
  • Mousavi S, Hantoushzadeh S, Sheikh M, Shariat M. Maternal anxiety and the second-trimester prenatal screening: a prospective cohort study. Fetal Diagn Ther. 2015;38(4):269-275. doi:10.1159/000381640
  • Green JM, Hewison J, Bekker HL, Bryant LD, Cuckle HS. Psychosocial aspects of genetic screening of pregnant women and newborns: a systematic review. Health Technol Assess. 2004;8(33):iii-109. doi:10.3310/hta8330
  • Georgsson Ohman S, Grunewald C, Waldenström U. Perception of risk in relation to ultrasound screening for Down’s syndrome during pregnancy. Midwifery. 2009;25(3):264-276. doi:10.1016/j.midw.2007.04. 007
  • Richmond Z, Fleischer R, Chopra M, et al. The impact of non-invasive prenatal testing on anxiety in women considered at high or low risk for aneuploidy after combined first trimester screening. Prenat Diagn. 2017; 37(10):975-982. doi:10.1002/pd.5110
  • Bardi F, Bakker M, Kenkhuis MJ, et al. Psychological outcomes, knowledge and preferences of pregnant women on first-trimester screening for fetal structural abnormalities: a prospective cohort study. PloS One. 2021;16(1):e0245938. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0245938
  • Campillo ISL, Meaney S, McNamara K, O’Donoghue K. Psychological and support interventions to reduce levels of stress, anxiety or depression on women’s subsequent pregnancy with a history of miscarriage: an empty systematic review. BMJ Open. 2017;7(9):e017802. doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017802
Toplam 21 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Kadın Hastalıkları ve Doğum
Bölüm Orijinal Makale
Yazarlar

Ömer Gökhan Eyisoy 0000-0003-0869-4660

Kemal Sandal 0009-0001-3357-4786

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Eylül 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 3 Haziran 2025
Kabul Tarihi 29 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 8 Sayı: 5

Kaynak Göster

AMA Eyisoy ÖG, Sandal K. Does first trimester prenatal screening impact on maternal anxiety? A prospective cohort study. J Health Sci Med /JHSM /jhsm. Eylül 2025;8(5):794-799. doi:10.32322/jhsm.1709742

Üniversitelerarası Kurul (ÜAK) Eşdeğerliği:  Ulakbim TR Dizin'de olan dergilerde yayımlanan makale [10 PUAN] ve 1a, b, c hariç  uluslararası indekslerde (1d) olan dergilerde yayımlanan makale [5 PUAN]

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Not:
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Yüksek Öğretim Kurumu (YÖK) kriterlerine göre yağmacı/şüpheli dergiler hakkındaki kararları ile yazar aydınlatma metni ve dergi ücretlendirme politikasını tarayıcınızdan indirebilirsiniz. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/journal/2316/file/4905/show 


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