Ankara İlinde Meteorolojik ve Hidrolojik Kuraklık Değerlendirmesi

Öz

Son yıllarda küresel ısınmanın etkileri gün geçtikçe daha fazla hissedilmektedir. Ülkemizin yer aldığı iklim kuşağı da düşünüldüğünde kuraklık konusu kritik hale gelmektedir. Bu nedenle kuraklığın bileşenlerini analiz edebilmek ve su kaynakları üzerindeki etkilerini belirleyebilmek önemlidir. Bu çalışmada Ankara ili için meteorolojik ve hidrolojik kuraklıklar tespit edilerek iki kuraklık türü arasındaki ilişkinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bunun için, Standart Yağış İndeksi (SYİ) ile yağış verileri kullanılarak 1, 3, 6 ve 12 aylık meteorolojik kuraklıklar tespit edilmiştir. Daha sonra Ankara ilindeki barajlara gelen toplam debiler kullanılarak Akım Kuraklık İndeksi (AKİ) ile de hidrolojik kuraklık belirlenmiştir. Meteorolojik ve hidrolojik kuraklıklar arasındaki ilişki hem analiz sonuçları incelenerek yorumlanmış hem de korelasyon katsayıları belirlenerek tespit edilmiştir. Hidrolojik kuraklığın meteorolojik kuraklığı ortalama 1-3 ay kadar geriden takip ettiği tespit edilmiştir. Her iki kuraklık türü için de çalışılan bölgede şiddetli bir kuraklık tehlikesi beklenmemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kuraklık Analizi
• Hidrolojik Kuraklık
• Meteorolojik Kuraklık

Meteorological and Hydrological Drought Assessment in Ankara Province

Abstract

In recent years, the effects of global warming have been felt more and more each day. Considering the climate zone in which our country is located, the issue of drought becomes critical. Therefore, it is important to be able to analyze the components of drought and determine their effects on water resources. In this study, it was aimed to determine the relationship between the two drought types by determining meteorological and hydrological droughts for Ankara province. For this purpose, meteorological droughts of 1, 3, 6 and 12 months were determined using the Standard Precipitation Index (SPI) and precipitation data. Then, hydrological drought was determined by the Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) using the total flow rates coming to the dams in Ankara province. The relationship between meteorological and hydrological droughts was both interpreted by examining the analysis results and determined by determining the correlation coefficients. It has been determined that hydrological drought follows meteorological drought by an average of 1-3 months. For both types of drought, a severe drought danger is not expected in the studied region.

Keywords

• Drought Analysis
• Hydrological Drought
• Meteorological Drought

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