Biyolojik ve Kimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı Düşük, Çevre Dostu Sıfır Atık Kozmetikler

Öz

Kozmetikler; vücuda girdikten sonra metabolize olarak ter, idrar veya gaita ile yeniden doğaya karışabilir; bu nedenle bu atıkların klasik yöntemlerle bertarafı her zaman mümkün değildir. Ürünlerin ulaştığı arıtma tesislerinde biyolojik arıtılabilirlik kapasitesini yorumlamak ve arıtımın ne ölçüde etkin olduğunu değerlendirmek için bir biyoanaliz yöntemi olan biyokimyasal oksijen ihtiyacı (BOİ) kullanılmaktadır. BOİ, biyolojik olarak kolayca parçalanabilen organik bileşiklerin miktarını yansıtan ve su kalitesinin değerlendirilmesinde yaygın kullanılan bir göstergedir; pratikte genellikle mg O2/L olarak ifade edilir. Atıksu arıtımı sırasında metabolize olmayan bileşiklerin giderilememesi ve kirleticilerin özellikle hava, su ve toprak üzerindeki etkileri, uzun vadede canlı yaşamını ve doğal kaynakları ciddi biçimde tehdit edebilir. Bu çalışmanın amacı; kozmetik ürünlerdeki kimyasal maddelerin olası zararlarını azaltmak, ambalaj ve içerik kaynaklı çevre kirliliğini önlemek ve çevresel döngüler yoluyla tekrar canlılara geri dönüşten doğan sorunları en aza indirmektir. Bu çalışmada söz konusu riskler, kozmetik ürün kullanımından sonra değil; doğal içerikli ve sıfır atık yaklaşımına uygun ürünlerin geliştirilmesi sürecinde, kullanım öncesi in silico modellemeler ve in vitro doğrulamalarla önleyici biçimde ele alınacaktır. Sıfır atık yaklaşımının esas alınmasıyla verimlilik ve performans artarken, israfın önlenmesi sayesinde maliyetler azalmakta ve çevresel riskler düşmektedir. Elde edilecek sonuçların, kimyasal risklerle ilişkili farklı formülasyonların çevresel sürdürülebilirlik üzerindeki etkilerini (ör. karbon ayak izi üzerindeki olası değişimler) aydınlatması ve sıfır atık kozmetik çalışmalarında yeni yöntemlerin geliştirilmesine katkı sağlaması beklenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Sıfır Atık
• Biyolojik Oksijen İhtiyacı
• Kimyasal Oksijen İhtiyacı
• Kozmetikler
• İn-vitro/in-silico test
• Sürdürülebilirlik

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu araştırma, Türkiye Bilimsel ve Teknolojik Araştırma Kurumu (TÜBİTAK) tarafından BİDEB 2209-A programı kapsamında, proje numarası 1919B012214919 ile desteklenmiştir.

Proje Numarası

1919B012214919

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma insan veya hayvan denekleri içermemektedir; bu nedenle etik onay gerekmemektedir.

Teşekkür

Yazarlar, TÜBİTAK'a mali destekleri için teşekkür ederler.

Environmentally Friendly Zero Waste Cosmetics with Low Biological and Chemical Oxygen Demand

Öz

Cosmetics; once they enter the body, they can be metabolised and re-enter the environment through sweat, urine or faeces; therefore, disposal of these waste products using conventional methods is not always possible. Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), a bioanalytical method, is used to interpret the biodegradability capacity of products at treatment plants and to assess the effectiveness of treatment. BOD is an indicator that reflects the amount of organically easily degradable compounds and is widely used in assessing water quality; in practice, it is usually expressed in mg O2/L. The inability to remove non-metabolised compounds during wastewater treatment and the effects of pollutants, particularly on air, water, and soil, can seriously threaten living organisms and natural resources in the long term. The aim of this study is to reduce the potential harm of chemicals in cosmetic products, prevent environmental pollution from packaging and contents, and minimise problems arising from their return to living organisms through environmental cycles. In this study, the aforementioned risks will be addressed preventively through in silico modelling and in vitro validation prior to use, during the development process of natural-based and zero-waste products, rather than after the use of cosmetic products. By adopting a zero-waste approach, efficiency and performance increase, while costs decrease and environmental risks are reduced through the prevention of waste. The results obtained are expected to shed light on the effects of different formulations associated with chemical risks on environmental sustainability (e.g., possible changes in carbon footprint) and contribute to the development of new methods in zero-waste cosmetics research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Zero waste
• Biological Oxygen Demand
• Chemical Oxygen demand
• Cosmetics
• In-vitro/in-silico testing
• Sustainability

Destekleyen Kurum

This research was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK) under the BİDEB 2209-A program, Grant number 1919B012214919.

Proje Numarası

1919B012214919

Etik Beyan

This study does not involve any human or animal subjects; therefore, ethical approval was not required.

Teşekkür

The authors gratefully acknowledge TÜBİTAK for their financial support.

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