Kısa Barsak Sendromunda Mikrobiyota ve Pre-Probiyotikler

Öz

İnce bağırsağın normal uzunluğu 320-800 cm arasında değişmektedir. İnce bağırsak uzunluğunun 200 cm'den daha az olması kısa bağırsak sendromu olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Kısa bağırsak sendromu (KBS), özellikle çocuklarda bağırsak yetmezliğinin ana nedenidir. KBS, ince bağırsağın anatomik ve/veya fonksiyonel kaybından sonra ortaya çıkan ve malabsorbsiyon, ishal, osteoporoz, karaciğer ve safra hastalıkları gibi bulgularla kendini gösteren klinik bir tablodur. Oluşan komplikasyonlar sonucunda kişinin yaşam kalitesi düşmektedir. Hastalarda bağırsak uzunluğunun kısalması, besin öğelerinin emilim yüzey alanının ve bağırsaklardan geçiş süresinin azalmasına neden olmaktadır. Emilim yetersizliğini telafi etmek için tedavi protokolünde hastaların tolere edebileceği düzeyde yüksek enerji almaları gerekir. Kolon sağlığı için nişasta, nişasta olmayan polisakkatirler ve çözünebilir posa gibi kompleks karbonhidrat içerikli besinlerle beslenmelidirler. Kompleks karbonhidratlar, ince barsaklar tarafından sindirilmez, kolonda fermente olur bu sayede kısa zincirli yağ asitlerini oluştururlar. Kısa bağırsak sendromunda tedavinin en temel hedefi bağırsak adaptasyonunun sağlanmasıdır. Son zamanlarda bağırsak adaptasyonu için probiyotikler-prebiyotikler gibi besin takviyeleri araştırılmaktadır. Bu makale kısa barsak sendromu ve mikrobiyota üzerine etkileri, pre ve probiyotiklerin tedavideki rolünü incelemek amacıyla derlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• kısa barsak sendromu
• mikrobiyota
• besin takviyesi
• prebiyotik
• probiyotik

Microbiota and Pre-Probiotics in Short Bowel Syndrome

Öz

The normal length of the small intestine ranges from 320 to 800 cm. Short bowel syndrome is defined as the small bowel length less than 200 cm. Short bowel syndrome (SBS) is the main cause of intestinal failure especially in children. Short bowel syndrome is a clinical manifestation that occurs mainly after anatomical and / or functional loss of small intestine and presents with malabsorption, diarrhea, osteoporosis, liver and biliary diseases. As a result of the complications, the quality of life of the person decreases. The shortening of the intestinal length in patients causes a decrease in the absorption surface area and transit time of the nutrients. In order to compensate for the malabsorption, patients should receive high energy levels that can be tolerated in the treatment protocol. For colon health, they need to be fed complex carbohydrate foods such as starch, non-starch polysaccharides and soluble fiber. Complex carbohydrates are not digested by the small intestine, but are fermented in the colon to form short-chain fatty acids. The main goal of treatment in short bowel syndrome is to provide bowel adaptation. Recently, nutritional supplements such as probiotics and prebiotics have been investigated for intestinal adaptation. This article was compiled to examine short bowel syndrome and its effects on microbiota and the role of pre- and probiotics in treatment.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• short bowel syndrome
• microbiota
• nutritional supplement
• prebiotic
• probiotic

Kaynakça

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