Araştırma Makalesi

RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS

Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2 30 Aralık 2025
PDF İndir
TR EN

RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS

Öz

This article offers an ethnographic reading of Sultan Süleyman’s 1548 decree that lifted the ban on cash waqfs, an Ottoman innovation that allowed individuals to endow money and, through lending, generate returns for charity. Cash waqfs and the controversies surrounding them have become increasingly relevant, as contemporary debates on Islamic banking continue to revolve around the implications of the riba prohibition. Building on this tradition, the article reconsiders the Ottoman case to argue that riba is best approached not as a fixed outcome, whether “interest” or “usury,” but as a collective and embodied process of interpretation and negotiation. Drawing on the decree’s formulation for navigating “the scent of riba” (riba rayihası), the article frames riba prohibition as a process to be managed through ritualized everyday practice rather than calculated into a numerical outcome. An emic approach to riba highlights the ways Ottoman actors engaged with the prohibition, challenging earlier scholarship that collapsed a rich spectrum of financial categories into the single notion of “interest.” The processual approach to riba offered here reframes what is today called “shariah governance,” connecting cash waqfs to modern banking, not necessarily through institutions or law, but through the cultural categories that once animated them.

Anahtar Kelimeler

riba, Islamic finance, cash waqfs, shariah governance, Ottoman Empire, archival ethnography, muâmele-i şer‘iyye

Destekleyen Kurum

Bu çalışma Social Science Research Council, American Association of University Women, Society for Economic Anthropology, Northwestern MENA Studies Program, Keyman Modern Turkish Studies Program, Roberta Buffett Institute for Global Studies, ve LeCron Foster and Friends of Anthropology tarafından desteklenmiştir.

Etik Beyan

Bu çalışma Northwestern Üniversitesi Etik Kurulu tarafından onaylanmıştır.

Teşekkür

Bu çalışmanın önceki taslaklarına ilişkin değerli katkıları için katılımcılara, hakemlere ve meslektaşlarıma teşekkür ederim.

Kaynakça

  1. Ademi, R. (2018). Osmanlı sonrası Bosna Hersek’te para vakıfları. Vakıflar Dergisi, 50, 151–164.
  2. Ahbab, Y. (2017). Kalkandelen para vakıfları. Osmanlı Medeniyeti Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(5), 49–71.
  3. Altay, B. (2024). An empirical analysis of the relationship between services and capital in the case of Rumelia Cash Waqfs. İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı Dergisi (İEFD), 10(1), 175–203.
  4. Barkan, Ö. L., & Ayverdi, E. H. (1970). İstanbul vakıfları tahrir defteri. İstanbul: Fetih Cemiyeti.
  5. Bishara, F. A. (2017). A sea of debt: Law and economic life in the Eastern Indian Ocean, 1780-1950. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
  6. Bulut, M., & Korkut, C. (2016). A comparison between Ottoman Cash Waqfs (CWs) and modern interest-free financial institutions. Vakıflar Dergisi, 46, 23–46.
  7. Bulut, M., & Korkut, C. (2019). A look at the cash waqfs as an indicator of Ottoman financial mentality. Vakıflar Dergisi, 116–132.
  8. Çağatay, N. (1974). Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nda riba-faiz konusu: para vakıfları ve bankacılık. Vakıflar Dergisi, 9(9), 39–56.
  9. Çizakça, M. (1995). Cash waqfs of Bursa, 1555-1823. Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient, 38(3), 313–354.
  10. Çizakça, M. (2019). İktisat tarihi açısından vakıflar. Vakıflar Dergisi, 73–84.

Kaynak Göster

APA
Kabaoğlu, Ş. (2025). RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS. İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı Dergisi (İEFD), 11(2), 558-587. https://doi.org/10.54863/jief.1784461
AMA
1.Kabaoğlu Ş. RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS. JIEF. 2025;11(2):558-587. doi:10.54863/jief.1784461
Chicago
Kabaoğlu, Şeyma. 2025. “RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS”. İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı Dergisi (İEFD) 11 (2): 558-87. https://doi.org/10.54863/jief.1784461.
EndNote
Kabaoğlu Ş (01 Aralık 2025) RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS. İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı Dergisi (İEFD) 11 2 558–587.
IEEE
[1]Ş. Kabaoğlu, “RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS”, JIEF, c. 11, sy 2, ss. 558–587, Ara. 2025, doi: 10.54863/jief.1784461.
ISNAD
Kabaoğlu, Şeyma. “RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS”. İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı Dergisi (İEFD) 11/2 (01 Aralık 2025): 558-587. https://doi.org/10.54863/jief.1784461.
JAMA
1.Kabaoğlu Ş. RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS. JIEF. 2025;11:558–587.
MLA
Kabaoğlu, Şeyma. “RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS”. İslam Ekonomisi ve Finansı Dergisi (İEFD), c. 11, sy 2, Aralık 2025, ss. 558-87, doi:10.54863/jief.1784461.
Vancouver
1.Şeyma Kabaoğlu. RIBA AS PROCESS: AN ETHNOGRAPHIC READING OF THE 1548 OTTOMAN DECREE ON CASH WAQFS. JIEF. 01 Aralık 2025;11(2):558-87. doi:10.54863/jief.1784461