The economic potentials of reclaimed asphalt pavements (RAP) in urban road infrastructure: a case study of Yalova city

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 205 - 218, 31.07.2023

Kader Fenerci Merve Ceyhan Erdoğan Yavuz Abut

https://doi.org/10.29228/JIENS.70524

Öz

Due to population growth and technological development, consumption is rapidly increasing all over the world. Waste materials are not disposed of properly, resulting in environmental and visual pollution, health problems and economic disadvantages. Although recycling of waste materials has been given more importance in recent years than in the past, 100% recycling is not possible. Recycling asphalt pavements, protecting natural resources and reusing waste materials are very important to avoid the landfills they create in nature. In addition, the economic benefits of RAP (Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement) cannot be neglected. In this study, the significance of asphalt pavement recycling in the world, recycling methods and economic benefits are highlighted. In addition, the average annual amount of asphalt pavement excavated in Yalova was determined and the approximate cost of using different percentages of RAP was performed. For the construction of 1 km of asphalt pavement, the road construction costs were evaluated and compared using 30%, 50% and 70% RAP. Based on the findings, 6%, 11% and 15% of the initial costs could be saved, respectively. Although 70% RAP usage increased the recycling cost by 12%, it decreased the bitumen use by 7.2%, the aggregate use by 10.6%, and the operation cost by 11.1%.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Reclaimed asphalt pavement, Sustainability, Cost-benefit analysis, Environmental protection

Teşekkür

There are no conflicts of interest among the authors or any institutions, organizations, or individuals related to this study. The authors would like to express their gratitude to Yalova Municipality and Yalova Special Provincial Administration for sharing data related to financial and construction activities.

Kaynakça

• Kaza S, Yao L, Bhada-Tata P, Van Woerden F (2018) What a Waste 2.0: A Global Snapshot of Solid Waste Management to 2050 Urban Development Series Washington, DC: World Bank. http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/978-1-4648 -1329-0
• The World Bank (2022) Trends in Solid Waste Management. https://datatopics.worldbank.org/what-a-waste/trends_in_solid_waste_management.html#:~:text=The world generates 2.01 billion,from 0.11 to 4.54 kilograms. Accessed 10 November 2022
• Heneash U (2013) Effect of the repeated recycling on hot mix asphalt properties. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Nottingham.
• Chesner WH, Collins RJ, MacKay MH, Emery J (2002) User Guidelines for Waste and Byproduct Materials in Pavement Construction https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/publications/research/infrastructure/structures/97148/rap132 .cfm. Accessed 13 January 2023
• Pereira P, Picado-Santos L (2006) Technical-Economical Evaluation of Pavement Recycling Alternatives Third Gulf Conf. Roads, 1,8.
• Milad A, Taib AM, Ahmeda AGF, Solla M, Yusoff NIM (2020) A review of the use of reclaimed asphalt pavement for road paving applications Jurnal Teknologi 82,3:35–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jt.v82.14320.
• Tarsi G, Tataranni P, Sangiorgi C (2020) The challenges of using reclaimed asphalt pavement for new asphalt mixtures: A review. Materials (Basel) 13,18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184052.
• Jahangiri B, Majidifard H, Meister J, Buttlar WG (2019) Performance Evaluation of Asphalt Mixtures with Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement and Recycled Asphalt Shingles in Missouri. TRR 2673,2:92–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119825638.
• Donaghy S, (2014) Reuse, Recycle, Reclaim https://www.forconstructionpros.com/ home/article/12028936/ how-to-reuse-recycle-reclaim-asphalt Accessed 11 September 2022.
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2009) Asphalt in Figures 2019, Annual Report.
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2020) Asphalt in Figures 2020, Annual Report.
• Oruç Ş, Yilmaz B, Mazlum MS (2018) Geri Kazanılan Asfalt Kaplamaların Sıcak Asfalt Karışımlarda Yeniden Kullanabilirliğinin Araştırılması Fırat Üniversitesi Müh. Bilim. Derg., 30,1:87–93.
• Simge Group (2022) Asphalt Recycling https://www.simgemat.com.tr/tr/CevreArge/AsfaltGeriKazanimi, Accessed 18 Jun 2022
• Aurangzeb Q, Al-Qadi IL (2014) Asphalt pavements with high reclaimed asphalt pavement content: Economic and environmental perspectives, TRR, 2456:161–169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2456-16.
• Redling A (2019)RAP use in new asphalt pavement at all-time high, according to report,” 2019. [Online]. Available: https://www.wastetodaymagazine.com/article/recycled-asphalt-pavement-napa-report/ Accessed Jun 18 2022
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2018) Asphalt in Figures 2018, Annual Report.
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2010) Asphalt in Figures 2010, Annual Report.
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2011) Asphalt in Figures 2011, Annual Report.
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2012) Asphalt in Figures 2012, Annual Report.
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2013) Asphalt in Figures 2013, Annual Report.
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2014) Asphalt in Figure 2014, Annual Report.
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2015) Asphalt in figures 2015, Annual Report.
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2016) Asphalt in Figures 2016, Annual Report.
• European Asphalt Pavement Association (2017) Asphalt in Figures 2017, Annual Report.
• Anonymous (2022) Asfalt Fiyat Listesi https://danisasfalt.com/fiyat-listesi/ Accessed 18 Jun 2022
• Butler C (2020) Asphalt Pavement = America’s Most Recycled Material? https:// www. pavementsolutions. org/ asphalt-pavement-americas-most-recycled-material/ Accessed 01 Feb 2023.
• Bolden J, Abu-Lebdeh T, Fini E (2013) Utilization of recycled and waste materials in various construction applications American J of Env. Science, 9,1:14-24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajessp.2013.14.24.
• Rafiq W et al (2021) Life cycle cost analysis comparison of hot mix asphalt and reclaimed asphalt pavement: A case study Sustainability 13,8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084411.
• Yao L, Leng Z, Lan J, Chen R, Jiang J (2022) Environmental and economic assessment of collective recycling waste plastic and reclaimed asphalt pavement into pavement construction: A case study in Hong Kong J of Cleaner Production 336,September 2021:130405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130405.
• Sönmez İ (2012) İSFALT’ın Asfalt Karışımlarında Geri Dönüşüme Bakışı Asfaltta Geri Dönüşüm Teknikleri ve Uygulamaları Semineri
• Güngör AG (2012) Asfaltta Geri Dönüşüm Teknikleri ve Uygulamaları Semineri Seminer Notları :1–44
• ODD (2022) Avrupa Yeşil Anlaşması https://www.odd.org.tr/web_2837_1/entitialfocus.aspx?primary_id=2680&target=categorial1&type=31&detail=single Accessed 10 Jul 2022
• Ceylan H (2009) Asfalt Endüstrisi Çevre Kanunu İlişkisi Erciyes Üni Fen Bilim Enst Derg 25,1/2:71–98.
• KM, Terzi S, Akbulut H (2017) Asfalt Geri Dönüşümü Sürdürülebilirlik İlişkisi 7. Ulusal Asfalt Sempozyumu ve Sergisi
• Pouranian MR, Shishehbor M (2019) Sustainability assessment of green asphalt mixtures: A review Environments - MDPI 6,6:73. https://doi: 10.3390/environments6060073.
• Yalova Municipality (2022) Nüfus https://www.yalova.bel.tr/sayfa/nufus Accessed: 07 Aug 2022
• Yalova Municipality (2022) İklim ve Coğrafya https://www.yalova.bel.tr/sayfa/iklim-ve-cografya Accessed: 07 Aug 2022
• Gong H, Huang B, Shu X (2018) Field performance evaluation of asphalt mixtures containing high percentage of RAP using LTPP data Constr Build Mater 176:118–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.05.007.
• Abdo AMA (2015) Utilizing Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement (RAP) Materials in New Pavements - A Review Int J Therm Environ Eng 12,1:10–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5383/ijtee.12.01.008.