İnceltilmiş uçlu prefabrik kirişlerin yönetmelikler ve yeni yaklaşımlara göre tasarımının karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 243 - 261, 31.01.2025

Hacer Tülen , Hilal Meydanlı Atalay

https://doi.org/10.61112/jiens.1513926

Öz

Prefabrike yapılar fabrikada üretilen yapı elemanlarının şantiyede birleştirilmesi ile oluşmaktadır ve bağlantılar, yapısal sistemin önemli bir parçasını oluşturmaktadır. Bağlantı bölgesi, sadece elemanların birleştiği alanla sınırlı değildir, kuvvet aktarımı ve gerilme dağılımlarının gerçekleştiği her iki elemana bitişik bölgelerin tasarımı ve detaylandırmasından etkilenmektedir. Prefabrike taşıyıcı sistemlerde kolon-kiriş bağlantı bölgesinde kolon yüzeylerinde mevcut kısa konsollar ile kiriş birleşimlerinin yapılabilmesi için eleman uç kesitleri küçültülmekte ve kiriş uçları inceltildikçe bu bölgede kesme kuvveti artmaktadır. Bu sebeple prefabrike bir çerçeve sistemde kolon-kiriş bağlantı bölgesinde oluşan kuvvetlerin ve gerilmelerin izlediği yola göre elemanların birleşime bitişik bölgeleri tasarlanmalıdır. Sunulan çalışmada yayılı yük etkisindeki inceltilmiş uçlu prefabrike kirişin yürürlükteki yönetmelikler ve yeni yaklaşımlara göre tasarım adımları karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu kapsamda örnek olarak seçilen inceltilmiş uçlu prefabrike kiriş bağlantı bölgesi Beton Prefabrikasyon El Kitabı, Amerikan Prefabrike Beton Enstitüsü’nün (PCI Tasarım El Kitabı) tasarım el kitabı ve çubuk analojisi yöntemi esas alınarak tasarlanmıştır. Analiz sonuçları karşılaştırıldığında, çubuk analojisi yöntemine göre belirlenen toplam donatı alanının diğer yaklaşımlara göre daha fazla olduğu görülmüştür. Bununla birlikte PCI Tasarım El Kitabı kriterlerine göre belirlenen toplam donatı alanının, Beton Prefabrikasyon El Kitabı'na göre belirlenen toplam donatı alanından daha fazla olduğu ve bu nedenle güvenli tarafta kaldığı tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Prefabrike yapı, İnceltilmiş uçlu kiriş, Çubuk analojisi, Beton Prefabrikasyon El Kitabı, PCI Tasarım El kitabı

Comparison on the design of dapped-end precast beams according to design codes and new approaches

Öz

The prefabricated structures are constructed by assembling the factory manufactured structural members at the construction site and the connections in these structures constitute an important part of the structural system. In the beam-column connection zone in prefabricated structural systems, the beam end section is reduced in order to make the beam connection with the short cantilever on the column surface. The shear force increases in this region as the beam ends are thinned and this should be considered in the design. In the present study, the design steps of the dapped-end precast beam under distributed load are compared according to the current regulations and new approaches. In this context, the dapped-end precast beam connection area selected as an example was designed based on the Concrete Prefabrication Handbook, the design handbook of the American Precast Concrete Institute (PCI Design Handbook) and the strut-and-tie method. When the analysis results were compared, it was seen that the total reinforcement area determined according to the stut-and-tie method was greater than the other approaches. However, it was determined that the total reinforcement area determined according to the PCI Design Handbook criteria was greater than the total reinforcement area determined according to the Concrete Prefabrication Handbook and therefore remained on the safe side.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Prefabricated structure, Dapped-end beam, Strut and tie method, Concrete Prefabrication Handbook, PCI Design Handbook

Kaynakça

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