Avrupa Birliği Siber Güvenlik Ajansı'nın (ENISA) Kurumsal ve Yapısal Dönüşümü

Yıl 2025, Sayı: 14, 28 - 64, 31.08.2025

Hakan İpek , Hilmi Yüksel

Öz

Avrupa Birliği (AB), geçtiğimiz yirmi yıl boyunca bilgi toplumunun gelişim hızı doğrultusunda büyüyen güvenlik ihtiyacını göz ardı etmemiş ve kurumsal yapısını önemli görev ve sorumluluklara sahip bir siber güvenlik ajansı olan ENISA ile taçlandırmıştır. AB'nin siber güvenlik politikasının kilit bir bileşeni olan ENISA, AB organları ve Üye Devletler ile koordinasyon sağlamakta ve güvenli bir siber ortamı teşvik etmek için üçüncü ülkeler ve uluslararası kuruluşlarla işbirliği yapmaktadır. Bu rapor, ENISA'nın Üye Devletlerin siber güvenlik kapasiteleri arasındaki farklılıkları ele alma ve uyumlaştırma konusundaki gelişen ve genel rolünü ve kuruluşundan bu yana ortaya çıkan ihtiyaçlar ve koşullar doğrultusunda kurumsal yapısında ve sorumluluklarında yapılan güncellemeleri incelemektedir. Ayrıca, AB genelinde uygulamaları ve araçları uyumlu hale getirmeyi amaçlayan AB Siber Güvenlik Yasası kapsamında yetkilerin genişletilmesinin etkisini ve daha fazla ele alınması gereken konuları incelemektedir. Bu nedenle, ENISA'nın AB genelinde siber güvenliği geliştirme çabaları ve mali güç ve yasal etki eksikliği nedeniyle karşılaştığı sorunlar hakkındaki akademik literatürün gözden geçirilmesine dayanmaktadır. Çalışma, uluslararası arenadaki etkisini ve kapasitesini arttırmak için koordinasyon ve destek organı olarak hareket eden bir siber güvenlik kurumunun yetkilerinin güçlendirilmesi ihtiyacını ortaya koyacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Birliği , Siber Güvenlik , ENISA , BİT , Sertifikasyon

The Institutional and Structural Transformation of the European Union Agency for Cybersecurity (ENISA)

Öz

Over the past two decades, the European Union (EU) has not ignored the growing need for security in line with the pace of development of the information society and has crowned its institutional structure with ENISA, a cybersecurity agency with important tasks and responsibilities. As a key component of the EU's cybersecurity policy, ENISA coordinates with EU bodies and Member States and cooperates with third countries and international organisations to promote a secure cyber environment. This paper examines the evolving and overall role of ENISA in addressing and harmonising differences between Member States' cybersecurity capabilities, and the updates to its organisational structure and responsibilities in line with the needs and conditions that have emerged since its establishment. It also examines the impact of the extension of competences under the EU Cybersecurity Act, which aims to harmonise practices and tools across the EU, and the issues that need to be further addressed. It is therefore based on a review of the academic literature on ENISA's efforts to improve cybersecurity across the EU and the problems it faces due to its lack of financial power and legal influence. The study will demonstrate the need to strengthen the mandate of a cybersecurity institution that acts as a coordinating and supporting body to increase its influence and capacity in the international arena.

Anahtar Kelimeler

European Union , Cybersecurity , ENISA , ICT , Certification

Kaynakça

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