Araştırma Makalesi

Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020)

Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1 29 Nisan 2026
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Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020)

Öz

Aim: The problem of theodicy -a philosophical and theological issue concerning the coexistence of divine goodness and human suffering- also presents psychological significance. Such questions involve ambiguity and cognitive tension, prompting individuals to search for meaning. The present study aimed to investigate how individuals in a Muslim cultural context made sense of a major negative life event by examining their emotional responses toward God following the Eastern Anatolia earthquake in Turkey (January 2020). Method: A total of 306 Muslim adults (women and men) participated in the study. Participants completed measures assessing two dimensions of religious emotional experience: feeling comforted by God (e.g., feeling protected, loved, supported, nurtured) and anger at God (e.g., feelings of abandonment, betrayal, or unkind treatment). Quantitative analyses compared levels of comfort and anger to explore patterns of religious meaning making. Results: Findings revealed substantial differences between feelings of comfort and anger toward God. Consistent with previous international studies, negative perceptions of God were rare among participants. Most respondents reported high levels of perceived divine comfort and protection, indicating a generally positive relationship with God even in the aftermath of disaster. Conclusion: The results align with psychological theories of meaning making and support cross-cultural findings that humans seek to maintain coherent global meaning systems in the face of suffering and ambiguity. The study contributes to understanding how individuals in Muslim contexts construct meaning, sustain faith, and reconcile adverse life events within a religious worldview. Originality: What makes this study original is its examination of the problem of theodicy and meaning making processes within a Muslim cultural context. In the existing literature, these topics have predominantly been investigated among Western Christian samples, leaving emotional responses to God and their reflections in Islamic settings largely unexplored. This study addresses that gap by revealing how Muslim individuals who experienced a traumatic event such as the Eastern Anatolia earthquake constructed meaning in their relationship with God. The findings demonstrate how religious meaning making is shaped by culture and offer a cross-cultural perspective on the psychological dimension of the problem of theodicy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

  1. Abu-Raiya, H., Pargament, K. I., Mahoney, A. & Stein, C. (2008). A psychological measure of Islamic religiousness: Development and evidence for reliability and validity. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 18(4), 291-315.
  2. Altınlı Macić, M. & Özgüvenç, C. B. (2025). Kur’an’da sabır kavramının dinî başa çıkma bağlamında teorik olarak incelenmesi. Theosophia, 11, 1-35.
  3. Angel, H.F. (2017). Credition: From the question of belief to the question of believing. In H.F. Angel, L. Oviedo, R. F. Paloutzian, A. L. C. Runehov, and R. Seitz, (Eds), Processes of Believing: The Acquisition, Maintenance, and Change in Creditions, (pp. 17-36). Heidelberg: Springer.
  4. Angel, H.F., Oviedo, L. Paloutzian, R. F., Runehov, A. L. C. & Seitz, R. J. (Eds). (2017). Processes of Believing: The Acquisition, Maintenance, and Change in Creditions. Heidelberg: Springer.
  5. Cohen, A. B. (2002). Many forms of culture. American Psychologist, 64, 194-204.
  6. Economist. (2020). Living on a prayer: Religious divides. The Economist, April 11, 45-46.
  7. Furnham, A. & Brown, L. B. (1992). Theodicy: A neglected aspect of the psychology of religion. The International Journal for the Psychology of Religion, 2(1), 37-45.
  8. Griffioen, A. L. (2018). Therapeutic theodicy? Suffering, struggle, and the shift from the God’s-eye view. Religions, 9(4), 99.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Din Psikolojisi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

29 Nisan 2026

Gönderilme Tarihi

30 Kasım 2025

Kabul Tarihi

20 Şubat 2026

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2026 Cilt: 17 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA
Sağır, Z., & Paloutzian, R. F. (2026). Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020). Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 17(1), 297-305. https://doi.org/10.54558/jiss.1833167
AMA
1.Sağır Z, Paloutzian RF. Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020). ÇAKÜ SBED. 2026;17(1):297-305. doi:10.54558/jiss.1833167
Chicago
Sağır, Zeynep, ve Raymond F. Paloutzian. 2026. “Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020)”. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 17 (1): 297-305. https://doi.org/10.54558/jiss.1833167.
EndNote
Sağır Z, Paloutzian RF (01 Nisan 2026) Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020). Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 17 1 297–305.
IEEE
[1]Z. Sağır ve R. F. Paloutzian, “Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020)”, ÇAKÜ SBED, c. 17, sy 1, ss. 297–305, Nis. 2026, doi: 10.54558/jiss.1833167.
ISNAD
Sağır, Zeynep - Paloutzian, Raymond F. “Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020)”. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 17/1 (01 Nisan 2026): 297-305. https://doi.org/10.54558/jiss.1833167.
JAMA
1.Sağır Z, Paloutzian RF. Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020). ÇAKÜ SBED. 2026;17:297–305.
MLA
Sağır, Zeynep, ve Raymond F. Paloutzian. “Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020)”. Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, c. 17, sy 1, Nisan 2026, ss. 297-05, doi:10.54558/jiss.1833167.
Vancouver
1.Zeynep Sağır, Raymond F. Paloutzian. Meaning Making in the face of a Negative Life Event: Responses in a Muslim Culture to the Eastern Anatolia Earthquake (2020). ÇAKÜ SBED. 01 Nisan 2026;17(1):297-305. doi:10.54558/jiss.1833167