Balochistan (Pakistan)’ın Mengali Koyunlarının Bazı Morfolojik, Üreme ve Büyüme Özellikleri

Öz

Bu çalışma, Balochistan’ın Mengali ırkı koyunlarının yaşadığı yetiştirme ortamlarını, mevcut durumlarını ve performans parametrelerine ait özelliklerini belirlemek amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışma için, 7 ilçede bulunan 7 köyün 15 hane halkı ziyaret edilmiştir. Bakım ve idare, yemleme, yetiştirme, sağlık uygulamaları, ve verim yönleri, verim ve üreme performanslarına ilişkin bilgiler, anket ve kişisel gözlemlerle toplanmıştır. Entansif üretim sisteminde yetiştirilen çiftçi sürülerinden (FF) 386 baş, yarı entansif üretim sisteminde yetiştirilen (CASVAB (ESC), Quetta) sürülerden 83 baş hayvana ait canlı ağırlık ve vücut ölçüleri kaydedilmiştir. Veriler, bağımsız t testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Her iki üretim sisteminde, büyüme performansı üzerinde cinsiyet önemli bir etkiye sahip olmuştur (P<0.05). ESC ve FF üretim sistemleri için ortalama ergin canlı ağırlıklar sırasıyla, erkeklerde 49.0±0.51 ve 40.4±0.35 kg, ve dişilerde 41.2±0.37 ve 36.0±0.21 kg bulunmuştur (P<0.05). Dişilerle karşılaştırıldığında, erkekler cidago yüksekliği, göğüs çevresi ve vücut uzunluğu bakımından daha yüksek değerlere sahiptir (P<0.05). Oysa kulak ve kuyruk uzunluğu bakımından önemli fark bulunmamıştır. Ilk yaş kirli yapağı ortalamaları bakımından önemli bir fark gözlenmemiştir. ESC ve FF üretim sistemleri için ortalama ikizlik oranı sırasıyla % 5.25 ve % 3.55 bulunmuştur. Bir dişi koyun ortalama olarak 6-9 kuzu doğurmaktadır. Uzun dönemde seleksiyonla genetik ilerleme planı düzenlemek için farklı yetiştirme sistemlerinde yetiştirilen koyunların büyüme performansındaki varyasyon, yararlı bilgiler sağlayabilir. Sonuçlar, sahada besin kıtlığı olan yarı entansif sistemlerde koyunların performansının geliştirildiği, ancak besleme maliyetinin önemli ölçüde arttığı izlenimini vermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mengali koyunu
• Balochistan
• Üreme
• Morfolojik özellikler

Some Morphological, Fertility and Growth Traits for Mengali Sheep of Balochistan, Pakistan

Öz

The present study was conducted to establish the characteristics regarding the habitat, status, norms and performance parameters of Mengali sheep breed of Balochistan. For the present study, 15 households of 7 villages were visited in 7 districts. Information on management, feeding, breeding, health practices, and utility patterns, productive and reproductive performance was collected by questionnaire and personal observations. Body weight and measurements were recorded for total 386 and 83 animals of extensive Farmers Flock (FF) and semiintensive production system, Experimental Station CASVAB (ESC), Quetta, respectively. The data were analyzed using unpaired t- test. In both production systems, sex had a significant effect on growth performance (P<0.05). Average adult body weights for ESC and FF were 49.0±0.51 and 40.4±0.35 for male, and 41.2±0.37 and 36.0±0.21 kg for female, respectively (P<0.05). Male had higher height at withers height, chest girth and body length compared to female (P<0.05), whereas no significant difference was found in ear and tail length. No difference was observed in yearly greasy fleece weights. Averages of the twinning percentage for ESC and FF were 5.25 and 3.55% respectively. A ewe on an average delivers 6-9 lambs in lifetime. The variation in growth performance of sheep raised in different rearing systems could give remarkable clues in order to set genetic improvement plan by selection for a long term. The results suggested that the performance of the sheep was improved under semi-intensive managemental system, which indicates shortage of nutrients in the range, whereas in the semi-intensive conditions the feeding cost increased quite significantly.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mengali sheep
• Balochistan
• Fertility
• Morphological characteristics

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