Effects of Drought on Pome Fruit Species

Öz

Apple, pear, quince, persimmon, loquat, medlar and hawthorn are among the pome fruit species with significant production potential in the world. Temperature is the most important climatic factor which can lead to limiting the cultivation. The increase in drought with global climate change and the difficulty in accessing water resources are emerging as the most important effects of temperature in recent years. With the effect of morphological, biochemical, physiological and molecular changes in pome fruit species under water stress, it leads to a decrease in quality parameters, yield and negatively affecting the economic yield value of pome fruit trees. Resistance breeding, kaolin, melatonin, anti-transpirant (brasinolide), stem reduction, silica, nitric oxide, nutrient application, inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, soil tillage practices and shade cover systems are different methods and applications that are widely used in order to reduce the negative effects of water stress on pome fruit trees. In this study, the effects of drought on some pome fruit species were tried to be revealed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Drought
• Drought response
• Pome fruits
• Resistance breeding

Yumuşak Çekirdekli Meyve Türlerinde Kuraklığın Etkileri

Öz

Elma, armut, ayva, trabzonhurması, yenidünya, muşmula ve alıç dünyada önemli üretim potansiyeline sahip yumuşak çekirdekli meyve türleri arasındadır. Sıcaklık yetiştriciliği sınırlandıran en önemli iklim faktörüdür. Son yıllarda küresel iklim değişikliğiyle birlikte kuraklığın artması ve su kaynaklarına erişimin azalması sıcaklığın en önemli etkileri olarak ortaya çıkmaktadır. Su stresi altındaki yumuşak çekirdekli meyve türlerinde ortaya çıkan morfolojik, biyokimyasal, fizyolojik ve moleküler değişimlerin etkisi ile verim ve kalite parametrelerinin düşmesi dolayısıyla ağaçların ekonomik verim değerleri olumsuz etkilenmektedir. Dayanıklılık ıslahı, kaolin, melatonin, anti-transpirant (brasinolid), gövde azaltması, silika, nitrik oksit, besin maddesi uygulaması, mikorizal funguslar ve bitki gelişimini teşvik eden rizobakteriler ile aşılama, toprak işleme uygulamaları ve gölgelik örtü sistemleri farklı yöntemler ve uygulamalar stres faktörlerinin olumsuz etkilerini azalabilmek amacıyla yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. Çalışmada yumuşak çekirdekli bazı meyve türlerinde kuraklığın etkileri ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dayanıklılık ıslahı
• Kuraklık
• Kuraklığa tepki
• Yumuşak çekirdekli meyveler

Kaynakça

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