Anticancer, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Some Mediterranean Plants Extracts

Öz

This research was carried out to determine the anti-tumorigenic, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of extracts obtained from Juniperus oxycedrus L. oxycedrus (Cupressaceae) and Smilax aspera L. (Smilacaceae) fruits. The cytotoxic effects of ethanol extracts of Juniperus oxycedrus L. oxycedrus and Smilax aspera L. fruits were determined with six different tumorogenic cell lines including breast adenocarcinoma, small cell lung carcinoma, osteosarcoma, neuroblastoma and healthy kidney epithelial cells. Among the tested ethanol extracts of Juniperus oxycedrus L. oxycedrus and Smilax aspera L. fruits the ethanol extract obtained from Juniperus oxycedrus fruits was determined to have the highest anti-tumorigenic effect against small cell lung carcinoma with an IC50 value of 7.2 μg ml-1. At the end of cytotoxicity studies, ethanol extracts of Juniperus oxycedrus L. oxycedrus fruits proved to be good candidates for small cell lung carcinoma (A569). Antimicrobial effects were analyzed by the MIC test. MIC values of ethanol extracts of Juniperus oxycedrus L. oxycedrus and Smilax aspera L. fruits against Escherichia coli and Candida albicans were found to be 31.25 μg ml-1. Moreover, the radical scavenging capacity of Juniperus oxycedrus L. oxycedrus and Smilax aspera L. fruit extracts was elucidated. S. aspera L. (61%) and J. oxycedrus L. oxycedrus (47.3%) were found to have good free radical scavenging capacity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antitumorogenic
• antioxidant
• antimicrobial
• Juniperus oxycedrus
• Smilax aspera

Kaynakça

1. Begum, S. J., Pratibha, S., Rawat, J. M., Venugopal, D., Sahu, P., Gowda, A., Jaremko, M. 2022. Recent Advances in Green Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of Bioactive Metallic Nanoparticles. Pharmaceuticals, 15 (4), 455.
2. Cavaleiro C, Pinto E, Goncalves MJ and Salgueiro M, 2006. Antifungal activity of Juniperus essential oils against dermatophyte Aspergillus and Candida strains, Journal of Applied Microbiology, 100 (6), 1333-1338.
3. Damayanthi D, Mab A, Ahk A, Hamid A, Khh N, 2011. Effects of Smilax myosotiflora on testicular 11 a-hydroxysteroid dehydro-genase oxidative activity and plasma hormone levels in rats, Biomed. Res., 22, 188–193.
4. El-Sayed, A. S., Hassan, W. H., Sweilam, S. H., Alqarni, M. H. S., El Sayed, Z. I., Abdel-Aal, M. M., Abdelaziz, S. 2022. Production, Bioprocessing and Anti-Proliferative Activity of Camptothecin from Penicillium chrysogenum,“An Endozoic of Marine Sponge, Cliona sp.”, as a Metabolically Stable Camptothecin Producing Isolate. Molecules, 27 (9), 3033.
5. Ivanova A, Mikhova B, Batsalova T, Dzhambazov B, Kostova I, 2011. New furostanol saponins from Smilax aspera L. and their in vitro cytotoxicity, Fitoterapia, 82, 282–287.
6. Karaman I, Sahin F, Gulluce M, Ogutcu H, Sengul M, Adiguzel A., 2003. Antimicrobial activity of aqueous and methanol extracts of Juniperus oxycedrus L., Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 85, 231–235.
7. Koyuncu M, Coskun M, Tanker N, 2007. Farmasotik Botanik, 3. Baski, Ankara Universitesi, Eczacilik Fakultesi, Ankara.
8. Lesjaka MM, Beara IN, Orcic DZ, Petar KN, Simin N-D, Emilija S-D, Mimica-Dukic NM, 2014. Phytochemical composition and antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activities of Juniperus macrocarpa Sibth. et Sm., Journal of Functional Foods, 7, 57– 268.

9. Lim JP, Song YC, Kim JW, Ku CH, Eun JS, Leem KH, Kim DK, 2002. Free radical scavengers from the heartwood of Juniperus chinensis, Arch. Pharm. Res., 25, 449–452.
10. Memis Y, 2011. Bazi Juniperus turlerinden ucucu yaglarin ekstraksiyonu ve bunlarin biyolojik aktivitelerinin incelenmesi, Nigde Omer Halisdemir Universitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitusu, Yuksek Lisans Tezi (Basılmıs).
11. Murali A, Ashok P, Madhavan V, 2011. In vitro antioxidant activity and HPTLC studies on the roots and rhizomes of Smilax zeylenica L. (Smilacaceae), International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3, 192-195.
12. Orhan N, Orhan IE, Ergun F, 2011. Insights into cholinesterase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of five Juniperus species, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 49, 2305–2312.
13. Sadeghi-aliabadi H, Emami A, Saidi M, Sadeghi B, Jafarian A, 2009. Evaluation of in vitro cytotoxic effects of Juniperus foetidissima and Juniperus sabina extracts against a panel of cancer cells,Iranian Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 8 (4), 281-286.
14. Sevimli-Gur C, Cetin B, Akay S, Gulce-Iz S, Yesil-Celiktas O, 2013. Extracts from black carrot tissue culture as potent anticancer agents. Plant Foods for Human Nutrition, 68, 293- 298.
15. Sparg SG, Light ME, Van Staden J, 2004. Biological activities and distribution of plant saponins, Journal of Ethnopharm, 94, 219–243.
16. Subramanyan, S., Karunakaran, V., Deepika, S., Gracy, A. J., Sheeba, V., Joseph, K., Radhakrishnan, K. V. 2022. Libocedroquinone: A Promising Anticancer Lead against Lung Cancer from Calocedrus Decurrens. Planta Medica International Open, 9 (01), 54-59.
17. Taviano MF, Marino A, Trovato A, Bellinghieri V, Melchini A, Dugo P, Cacciola F, Donato P, Mondello L, Guvenc A, De Pasquale R, Miceli N., Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. oxycedrus and Juniperus oxycedrus L. subsp. macrocarpa (Sibth. & Sm.) Ball. ‘‘berries’’ from Turkey: Comparative evaluation of phenolic profile, antioxidant, cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities, Food and Chemical Toxicology, 2013, 58, 22–29.
18. Tuzlaci, E, Erol MK, 1993. Turkish folk medicinal plants, Part II, Egirdir (Isparta) Fitoterapia, 70, 593–610. Wang, T., Ye, Y., Ji, J., Zhang, S., Yang, X., Xu, J., Sun, X. 2022. Astilbin from Smilax glabra Roxb. alleviates high-fat diet-induced metabolic dysfunction. Food & Function, open access.
19. Weinstein M. P., 2018. Methods for Dilution Antimicrobial Susceptibility Tests for Bacteria That Grow Aerobically, 11th Edition, ISBN Number: 1-56238-836-3.
20. Yesil-Celiktas O, Otto F, Gruener S, Parlar H 2009. Determination of extractability of pine bark using supercritical CO2 extraction and different solvents - optimization and prediction. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57, 341-347.
21. Yildiz-Ozturk E, Tag O, Yesil-Celiktas O, 2014. Subcritical water extraction of steviol glycosides from Stevia rebaudiana leaves and characterization of the raffinate phase. Journal of Supercritical Fluids, 95, 422-430.
22. Zubair M, Rizwan K, Rashid U, Saeed R, Saeed AA, Rasool N, Riaz M, 2017. GC/MS profiling, in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial and haemolytic activities of Smilax macrophylla leaves, Arabian Journal of Chemistry, 10, 1460–1468.