Antioxidant Properties, Total Phenolic Content and LC-MS/MS Analysis of Mentha Pulegium, Lepidium Draba and Centaurea Solstitialis

Öz

The Mentha pulegium, Lepidiıum draba and Centaurea solstitialis have traditionally been used in different cultures for the treatment of various diseases. We investigated the total phenolic content analysis, chemical compositions and antioxidant activities of different solvent extracts such as acetone, methanol and n-hexane obtained from the aerial parts of Mentha pulegium, Lepidiıum draba and Centaurea. The amount of total phenolic substance was determined as gallic acid equivalent determine. Also, the LC-MS/MS technique was used to determine the phenolic profiles of each extract. Finally, antioxidant activities of three extracts were determined by DPPH and ABTS methods. The highest total phenolic content for acetone, n-hexane and methanol extracts was found as 99 507, 46 305, and 18 227 μg GAE mL-1 in Centaurea solstitialis plant, respectively. While the major component rosmarinic acid amount in the acetone extract of Mentha pulegium was 128 195 μg analyte g-1 extract, this amount was determined as 780 383 μg analyte g-1 extract in the methanolic extract. The highest DPPH radical scavenging activity was found in the acetone and methanolic extracts of Mentha pulegium as 77% and 79%, respectively. ABTS radical scavenging activity was also found to be 98% and 94% for Mentha pulegium in acetone and methanol extracts, respectively. The antioxidant capacity of the extracts is related to the total amount of phenolic substances.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Mentha pulegium
• Lepidium draba
• Centaurea solstitialis
• antioxidant
• LC-MS/MS
• total phenolic

Kaynakça

1. Alper M, Özay C, Güneş H, Mammadov R, 2021. Assessment of Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities and Identification of Phenolic Compounds of Centaurea Solstitialis and Urospermum Picroides From Turkey. Brazilian Archives of Biology and Technology, 64.
2. Begaa S, Messaoudi M, Benarfa A, 2021. Statistical Approach and Neutron Activation Analysis for Determining Essential and Toxic Elements in Two Kinds of Algerian Artemisia Plant. Biological Trace Element Research, 199(6): 2399-2405.
3. Benahmed-Bouhafsoun A, Djebbar H, Kaid-Harche M, 2015. Determination of Polyphenolic Compounds of Washingtonia robusta H. Wendl Extracts. Acta Physica Polonica A, 128(2B): B-465.
4. Benomari FZ, Andreu V, Kotarba J, Dib MEA, Bertrand C, Muselli A, Costa J, Djabou N, 2018. Essential Oils From Algerian Species of Mentha as New Bio-Control Agents Against Phytopathogen Strains. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25(30): 29889-29900.
5. Blois MS, 1958. Antioxidant Determinations by The Use of A Stable Free Radical. Nature, 181(4617):1199-1200.
6. Boutemak K, Safta B, Ayachi N, 2015. Study of the Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Flavonic Extract of Globularia alypum L. Acta Physica Polonica A, 128(2B): B-239.
7. Brahmi F, Abdenour A, Bruno M, Silvia P, Alessandra P, Danilo F, Brahmi F, Abdenour A, Bruno M, Silvia P, Alessandra P, Danilo F, Drifa YG, Fahmi EM, Khodir M, Mohamed C, 2016. Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antimicrobial, Insecticidal and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils of Mentha pulegium L. and Mentha rotundifolia (L.) Huds growing in Algeria. Industrial Crops and Products, 88: 96-105.
8. Durgun M, Türkeş C, Işık M, Demir Y, Saklı A, Kuru A, Güzel A, Beydemir Ş, Akocak S, Osman SM, Al Othman Z, Supuran CT, 2020. Synthesis, Characterisation, Biological Evaluation and İn Silico Studies of Sulphonamide Schiff Bases. Journal of Enzyme İnhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, 35(1): 950-962.

9. El Aanachi S, Gali L, Rammali S, Bensouici C, Aassila H, Dari K, 2021. In Vitro Study of The Antioxidant, Photoprotective, Anti-Tyrosinase, And Anti-Urease Effects of Methanolic Extracts From Leaves of Six Moroccan Lamiaceae. Journal of Food Measurement and Characterization, 15(2): 1785-1795.
10. Eruygur N, Ayaz F, Bağcı Y, Güler E, Maltas Çağıl E, 2022. Phenolic Composition, In-vitro Antioxidant and Enzyme Inhibition Activities of Cardaria draba Different Parts. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (35): 424-431.
11. Fréchard A, Fabre N, Hannedouche S, Fourasté I, 2002. Glucosinolates from Cardaria draba. Fitoterapia, 73(2): 177-178.
12. Gülçin İ, Gören AC, Taslimi P, Alwasel SH, Kılıc O, Bursal E, 2020. Anticholinergic, Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Anatolian Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium)-Analysis of İts Polyphenol Contents by LC-MS/MS. Biocatalysis and agricultural biotechnology, 23: 101441. Kaya Y, Aksakal O, Sunar S, Erturk FA, Bozari S, Agar G, Erez ME, Battal P, 2015. Phytotoxical Effect of Lepidium draba L. Extracts on The Germination and Growth of Monocot (Zea mays L.) and Dicot (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) Seeds. Toxicology and Industrial Health, 31(3): 247-254.
13. Mahomoodally MF, Zengin G, Aumeeruddy MZ, Sezgin M, Aktumsek A, 2018. Phytochemical Profile and Antioxidant Properties of Two Brassicaceae Species: Cardaria Draba Subsp. Draba and Descurainia Sophia. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 16: 453-458.
14. Messaoudi M, Rebiai A, Sawicka B, Atanassova M, Ouakouak H, Larkem I, Egbuna C, Awuchi CG, Boubekeur S, Ferhat MA, Begaa S, 2021. Effect of Extraction Methods on Polyphenols, Flavonoids, Mineral Elements, and Biological Activities of Essential Oil and Extracts of Mentha pulegium L. Molecules, 27(1):11.
15. Mozaffari F, Abbasipour H, Garjan AS, Saboori AR, Mahmoudvand M, 2012. Various Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Mentha Pulegium on The Two-Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus Urticae (Tetranychidae). Archives of Phytopathology and Plant Protection, 45(11): 1347-1355.
16. Naser EH, Khthr MFA, Abed SA, 2019. Phytochemistry and Therapeutic Uses of Cardaria Draba L.: A Review. Plant Arch, 19: 118-125.
17. Necip A, Isik M, 2019. Bioactivities of Hypericum Perforatum L and Equisetum Arvense L Fractions Obtained with Different Solvents. International Journal of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, 2(3): 221-230.
18. Necip A, Isik M, Güzel A, Takım K, Kaygısız F, 2021. LC-MS/MS Analysis, Antioxidant Properties and Inhibition Effect on Some Important Metabolic Enzymes of Nicotiana rustica L. Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi Tarım ve Doğa Dergisi, 24(5): 930-938.
19. Ouissem BS, Sabrina B, Lotfi B, Khellaf R, Chawki B, Ibrahim D., Samir B, Fadila B, 2018. HPLC Analysis and Antioxidant Properties of Algerian Lepidium Draba Ethyl Acetate Extract. Journal of Biologically Active Products from Nature, 8(4): 265-271.
20. Petrovska BB, 2012. Historical Review of Medicinal Plants’ Usage. Pharmacognosy Review, 6 (11): 1–5.
21. Re R, Pellegrini N, Proteggente A, Pannala A, Yang M, Rice-Evans C, 1999. Antioxidant Activity Applying an İmproved ABTS Radical Cation Decolorization Assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26(9-10): 1231-1237.
22. Roughani A, Miri SM, Hassandokht MR, Moradi P, Abdossi V, 2018. Morphological Variation of Some Lepidium Draba and L. Latifolium Populations. Taiwania, 63(1): 41-48
23. Sarikurkcu C, Eryigit F, Cengiz M, Tepe B, Cakir A, Mete E. 2012. Screening of the antioxidant activity of the essential oil and methanol extract of Mentha pulegium L. from Turkey. Spectroscopy Letters, 45(5): 352-358.
24. Seebaluck-Sandoram R, Lall N, Fibrich B, van Staden AB, Saleem H, Mahomoodally MF, 2019. Antimicrobial, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Evaluation of Two Underutilised Food Plants: Averrhoa Bilimbi L. (Oxalidaceae) and Phyllanthus Acidus L. Skeels (Phyllanthaceae). Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology, 18: 100998.
25. Senatore F, Rigano D, Grassia A, Randazzo A, 2003. 4-hydroxybenzyl Glucosinolate from Cardaria Draba (Cruciferae). Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 10(31): 1205-1207.
26. Sezik E, Yeşilada E, Honda G, Takaishi Y, Takeda Y, Tanaka T, 2001. Traditional Medicine in Turkey X. Folk Medicine in Central Anatolia. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 75(2-3): 95-115.
27. Sham'yanov ID, Saidkhodzhaev AI, Akhmedov UA, 1998. Sesquiterpene Lactones and Other Components of Centaurea İberica. Chemistry of Natural Compounds, 34(3): 339-340.
28. Sharifi-Rad J, Hoseini-Alfatemi SM, Sharifi-Rad M, da Silva JAT, Rokni M, Sharifi-Rad M, 2015. Evaluation of Biological Activity and Phenolic Compounds of Cardaria Draba (L.) Extracts. J. Biol. Today's World, 4(9): 180-189.
29. Stagos D, Portesis N, Spanou C, Mossialos D, Aligiannis N, Chaita E, Panagoulis C, Reri E, Skaltsounis L, Tsatsakis AM, Kouretas D, 2012. Correlation of Total Polyphenolic Content with Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of 24 Extracts From Greek domestic Lamiaceae species. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 50(11): 4115-4124.
30. Taştan P, Tüzün B, Kıvçak B, Fafal T, 2022. Fatty Acids and Antioxidant Capacities of Three Centaurea L. Species. Journal of Research in Pharmacy, 26(1): 174-179.
31. Teixeira B, Marques A, Ramos C, Batista I, Serrano C, Matos O, Neng NR, Nogueira JM, Saraiva JA, Nunes ML, 2012. European Pennyroyal (Mentha pulegium) From Portugal: Chemical Composition of Essential Oil and Antioxidant and antimicrobial Properties of Extracts and Essential Oil. Industrial Crops and Products, 36(1): 81-87.
32. Yilmaz MA, 2020. Simultaneous Quantitative Screening of 53 Phytochemicals in 33 Species of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants: A Detailed, Robust and Comprehensive LC–MS/MS Method Validation. Industrial Crops and Products, 149: 112347.
33. Younes K, Merghache S, Djabou N, Selles C, Muselli A, Tabti B, Costa J, 2015. Chemical Composition and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Essential Oils and Extracts of Algerian Cardaria Draba (L.) Desv. Journal of Essential Oil Bearing Plants, 18(6): 1448-1458.