Bir Mekanik Jiroskopun Tasarımı, Modellenmesi ve Serbest Titreşim Analizi

Öz

Jiroskoplar yön tayini için kullanılan cihazlar olmakla birlikte mekanik jiroskoplar; jiroskopik tork elde ederek yönlendirme ve dengeleme amaçlı kullanılmaktadır. Dönen cisimlere, dönme eksenleri haricindeki eksenlerden birine verilen yalpalama hızı sayesinde bir tork oluşmaktadır. Bu çalışmada oluşturulan tek volanlı bir mekanik jiroskop tasarımına, dinamik analiz uygulanması ile jiroskopik torkun hesaplanması sağlanmıştır. Bu analiz kapsamında yapılan modal analiz ile serbest titreşim frekansları belirlenmiştir. Volan dikey yerleştirilmiş olup ağırlık torku sayesinde çalışan, bir volanlı mekanik jiroskopun hareketine ilişkin dinamik cevaplar, klasik (Newtonian) mekaniği esaslı incelenmiştir. Volan 0-250 rad/s aralığında döndürüldüğünde herhangi bir doğal frekans oluşmamıştır. Jiroskop 0.468 Nm değerindeki tork ve 0.922 rad/s değerindeki yalpalama hızı ile dengelenmiştir. Jiroskopun zemine bağlandığı yatağa burulma sönümü verildiğinde nütasyon salınımları ortadan kalkmıştır. Sönümlü halde serbest titreşim frekansları değişmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Campbell
• Coriolis
• jiroskop
• Modal analiz
• Yalpalama

Design, Modeling and Free Vibration Analysis of A Mechanical Gyroscope

Öz

Gyroscopes are devices used for orientation determination however mechanical gyroscopes are used for orientating and balancing via gyroscopic torque. This torque is generated by the precession speed given to the rotating objects from one of the axes other than the rotation axes. In this study, a single flywheel mechanical gyroscope design was created and the gyroscopic torque was calculated by dynamic analysis. Free vibration frequencies were determined by modal analysis. Dynamic responses for the movement of the gyroscope with a flywheel, which is mounted vertically and balances the weight torque, are investigated on the basis of classical (Newtonian) mechanics. When the flywheel rotates in the range of 0-250 rad/s, it does not correspond to any natural frequency. Torque of 0.468 Nm is offset by a precession velocity of 0.922 rad/s. Nutation oscillations disappears when torsional damping is given to the bed where the gyroscope is attached to the ground. The free vibration frequencies change in the damped state.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Campbell
• Coriolis
• Gyroscope
• Modal analysis
• Precession

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