Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle an Invasive Tree Species: Botanical Characteristics, Ecological Effects and Management Strategies

Öz

Ailanthus altissima (Mill.) Swingle (tree of heaven) is an invasive tree species native to Asia that spreads rapidly and has a high adaptability. It spreads rapidly and forms colonies, especially in disturbed areas, along roadsides, and in forest clearings. A. altissima spreads through its rapid growth capacity, root suckers, and wind-borne seeds. Additionally, its tolerance to environmental stress factors enables it to become dominant in natural ecosystems. This review article examines the botanical characteristics, distribution areas, ecological impacts, control methods, and potential uses of A. altissima based on a literature review. It has been determined that the plant suppresses the growth of surrounding plant species through allelopathic effects, alters soil microbial structure, and threatens biodiversity. Additionally, it has negative effects on fire regimes, creates erosion risks, and causes habitat loss for native fauna. Mechanical, chemical, and biological control methods are discussed in the context of control measures. It has been emphasized that the most effective results are achieved through the integration of these methods. In particular, studies on systemic herbicides and biological control agents offer new approaches to controlling the species. Additionally, this species has beneficial aspects in areas such as wood production under controlled conditions, erosion prevention, traditional medicine, and phytoremediation. In conclusion, the uncontrolled spread of A. altissima poses a serious threat to ecosystems. To mitigate the impact of this issue, integrated control strategies developed with the collaboration of both public institutions and scientists, based on scientific data, and sustainable control strategies must be developed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ailanthus altissima
• Invasive species
• Ecological impact
• Control methods
• Allelopathy
• Phytoremediation

Kaynakça

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