Evaluation of Antioxidant, Anticancer, Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Synthesized with Carthamus tinctorius L. Extract

Öz

In this study, zinc oxide nanoparticles (A@ZnO) were synthesized using a simple and environmentally friendly method with the water extract of Carthamus tinctorius L. The structural and chemical characterization of the obtained nanoparticles was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) techniques. The antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, and antibiofilm potentials of the characterized A@ZnO nanoparticles were investigated. FTIR analysis revealed the presence of functional groups responsible for the reduction of zinc oxide ions. SEM observations demonstrated that the synthesized A@ZnO nanoparticles possess a predominantly spherical morphology with a highly rough surface. The free radical scavenging activity of A@ZnO nanoparticles exhibited strong concentration-dependent antioxidant potential, achieving 97.9 ± 1% inhibition at 1 mg/mL and an IC₅₀ value of 0.386 mg/mL in the 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) assay. In anticancer activity assays, A@ZnO nanoparticles at a concentration of 500 µg/mL reduced cell viability to 2.1 ± 0.21% and 6.6 ± 1.1% in A549 and HEp-2 cancer cell lines, respectively. The corresponding IC50 values were determined to be 187.3 ± 7.1 µg/mL for A549 cells and 185.4 ± 7.3 µg/mL for HEp-2 cells. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of A@ZnO nanoparticles was found to be 128 µg/mL against MSSA and 32 µg/mL against MRSA strains. Furthermore, A@ZnO nanoparticles exhibited a pronounced dose-dependent antibiofilm activity against the MRSA strain. The findings reveal that A@ZnO nanoparticles produced using safflower water extract have significant potential for use in biomedical fields due to their exhibited antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Carthamus tinctorius L.
• Zinc nanoparticle
• Antioxidant
• Anticancer
• Antimicrobial

Carthamus tinctorius L. Ekstresi ile Sentezlenen Çinko Oksit Nanopartiküllerin Antioksidan, Antikanser, Antibakteriyel ve Antibiyofilm Aktivitelerinin Değerlendirilmesi

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Carthamus tinctorius L. su ekstresi kullanılarak kolay ve çevre dostu bir yöntemle çinko oksit nanopartiküller (A@ZnO) sentezlenmiştir. Taramalı elektron mikroskop (SEM) ve Fourier dönüşümlü kızılötesi (FTIR) teknikleri kullanılarak elde edilen nanopartiküllerin yapısal ve kimyasal karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Karakterize edilen A@ZnO nanopartiküllerinin, antioksidan, antikanser, antibakteriyel ve antibiyofilm aktivitesi/kapasitesi incelenmiştir. FTIR spektrumları, çinko oksit iyonlarının indirgenmesinde rol oynayan fonksiyonel grupları belirlemiştir. SEM analizi, A@ZnO nanopartiküllerinin küresel bir morfolojiye sahip olduğunu ve yüksek pürüzlülük gösterdiğini ortaya koymuştur. Farklı konsantrasyonlardaki A@ZnO nanopartiküllerin serbest radikal temizleme potansiyeli, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-etilbenzotiyazolin-6-sülfonik asit (ABTS)) testinde 1 mg/mL’de %97.9 ± 1 oranında antioksidan inhibisyon ve 0.386 mg/mL konsantrasyonda IC50 değeri göstermiştir. Antikanser aktivite testinde, A@ZnO’nin A549 ve HEp-2 kanser hücresine 500 µg/mL konsantrasyonda %2.1 ± 0.21 ve %6.6 ± 1.1 oranlarında hücre canlılığı görülmüştür. Her iki kanser hücresinde görülen IC50 değerleri sırası ile 187.3 ± 7.1 µg/mL ve 185.4 ± 7.3 µg/mL olarak tespit edilmiştir. A@ZnO nanopartikülleri MSSA ve MRSA suşlarına karşı minimum inhibitör konsantrasyon (MİK) değeri 128 µg/mL ve 32 µg/mL olarak bulunmuştur. Ayrıca MRSA suşuna karşı doza bağımlı bir şekilde antibiyofilm aktivitesi gözlenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular aspir su ekstresi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilen A@ZnO nanopartiküllerin, sergiledikleri antioksidan, antikanser, antibakteriyel ve antibiyofilm aktiviteler sayesinde biyomedikal alanlarda kullanılabilecek önemli bir potansiyel ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Carthamus tinctorius L.
• Çinko nanopartikül
• Antioksidan
• Antikanser
• Antimikrobiyal

Kaynakça

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