Su Kıtlığına Maruz Bırakılmış C3 ve C4 Bitkilerinin Fotosentetik Aktivitelerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Su kıtlığı koşulları, tarımsal alanların kullanılabilirliğini azaltmakta ve tarımsal ürünlerde verim kayıplarına

neden olmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, tüm dünyada tarımsal üretim için önemli bir problem olan su kıtlığının

buğday (Triticum aestivum L.) ve mısır (Zea mays L.) bitkileri üzerindeki etkisini fotosentetik açıdan incelemektir.

Buğday ve mısır bitkileri fotosentezi iki farklı metabolik yolla gerçekleştirdiğinden, su kıtlığında C3 ve C4

bitkilerinin fizyolojik ve metabolik davranışları arasındaki farklar gerçek su içeriği, lipid peroksidasyonu, klorofil

a fluoresansı, fotosentetik pigment içeriği, RuBisCo aktivitesi ve toplam çözünür şeker içeriği parametrelerince

ortaya konulmaktadır. Bu amaçla C3 bitkisi olan buğday ve C4 bitkisi olan mısır bitkilerine ait iki çeşit (Gelibolu

ve Ada-9516, sırasıyla) 8 gün boyunca kontrollü iklim kabininde 25°C’de, % 40-50 nemde, 16 saat ışık/ 8 saat

karanlık fotoperiyodunda, 250 µmol m-2s-1 ışık yoğunluğunda ½ kuvvet Hoagland çözeltisi kullanılarak perlit

ortamında büyütülmüşlerdir. Ardından stres grupları 7 gün boyunca -0.6 MPa PEG 6000 çözeltisi ile sulanmış ve

su kıtlığı koşulları oluşturulmuştur. Su kıtlığı incelenen tüm parametrelerce tahılları olumsuz yönde etkilemiştir.

Tüm çeşitlerin su içerikleri azalmış, zar hasarları artmış, fotosentetik aktiviteler azalmıştır. Bununla beraber,

toplam çözünür şeker oranındaki artış su kıtlığına karşı koruyucu bir mekanizma olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Bu

araştırma sonucunda mısırın buğday bitkisine göre tüm parametrelerce su kıtlığı koşullarına daha dayanıklı olduğu

belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• C3 ve C4 bitkileri,PSII aktivitesi,RuBisCo,su kıtlığı

Determination of Photosynthetic Activities of C3 and C4 Plants Exposed to Water Deficit

Öz

The water deficit conditions reduces the usability of agricultural lands and induces loss of production

of agricultural products. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of water deficit which is an important

problem for the agricultural productivity on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) plants by

photosynthetically. Though wheat and maize plants carry out photosynthesis through two different metabolic

pathways, the differences between the physiological and metabolic behaviors of C3 and C4 plants at water deficit

conditions was presented by the parameters of actual water content, lipid peroxidation, chlorophyll a fluorescence,

photosynthetic pigment content, RuBisCo activity and total soluble sugar content. According to this purpose,

wheat cultivar as C3 plant and maize cultivar as C4 plant (Gelibolu and Ada-9516, respectively) were grown in

controlled growth chamber at 25°C, 40-50% humidity, 16 h photoperiod and 250 µmol m-2s-1 light intensity with

½ strain Hoagland solution in perlite medium for 8 days. Then, the stress groups exposed to -0.6 MPa PEG 6000

solution to occur water deficit condition. Stress conditions adversely effected all investigated parameters of cereals.

Actual water content and photosynthetic activities were decreased, membrane injury was increased of all cultivars.

However, increased total soluble sugar ratio evaluated as defence mechanism to water deficit. In the conclusion of

this study, maize is more tolerant to water deficit conditions with all parameter than wheat.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• C3 and C4 plants,PSII activity,RuBisCo,water deficit

Kaynakça

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