Effect of Different Tipping Periods and Different Nitrogen Doses on Yield and Quality in cv. Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.)

Yıl 2018, , 31 - 38, 30.09.2018

İlknur Korkutal , Elmas Bahar , Gülderen Kaygusuz

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.458560

Cited By: 1

Öz

Research was conducted in Tekirdag - Yazir village. Merlot/5BB grafting combination in Umurbey

Vineyards for determination different tipping periods and different nitrogen doses effect on yield and quality

characteristics. Research was conducted in the vegetation period in 2013. In this research four nitrogen doses: Dose

1 (Control) (0 kg da-1 N), Dose 2 (5 kg da-1 N), Dose 3 (10 kg da-1 N) and Dose 4 (15 kg da-1 N) and; also four tipping

periods No Application (NA=Control), Before Anthesis (BA), Full Flowering (FF) and Berry Set (BS) periods was

used. Yield characteristics (estimated yield per vine) and quality characteristics (SS, TA, pH, sugar concentration,

sugar amount per berry, total anthocyanins, TPI, total tannins) were examined in this trial. As a result; tipping in BS

period yield and quality characteristics (yield 2.87 kg vine-1, total acidity 6.90 g L-1; grape juice pH 3.525) were

desired level for wine grapes. In fertil soil, it were foreseen that, good quality grape growing has been done without

nitrogen fertilisation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Merlot, Grape yield, Grape quality, Nitrogen, Tipping

Farklı Uç Alma Dönemleri ve Farklı Dozlarda Azot Uygulamalarının Merlot (Vitis vinifera L.) Üzüm Çeşidinde Verim ve Kalite Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Bu araştırmada Tekirdağ merkez ilçede bulunan Yazır Köyü’ nde, yer alan Umurbey Vineyards bağlarında

yetiştiriciliği yapılmakta olan 5BB anacı üzerine aşılı Merlot üzüm çeşidi asmalarında farklı dozlarda azot

uygulaması ve farklı dönemlerde uç alma işlemlerinin 2013 yılı vejetasyon periyodunda verim ve kalite üzerine

etkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Azot uygulamaları; Doz 1 (Kontrol) (0 kg da-1 N), Doz 2 (5 kg da-1 N), Doz

3 (10 kg da-1 N) ve Doz 4 (15 kg da-1 N) olmak üzere 4 şekilde yapılmıştır. Uç alma uygulamaları ise Uygulama

Yok (UY=Kontrol), Çiçeklenme Öncesi (ÇÖ), Tam Çiçeklenme (TÇ) ve Tane Tutumu (TT) döneminde olmak

üzere dört farklı dönemde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Denemede verim (omca başına tahmini verim) ve kalite özellikleri

(SÇKM, TA, pH, şeker konsantrasyonu, tanedeki şeker miktarı, toplam antosiyanin, TPİ, toplam tanen miktarı)

incelenmiştir. Sonuçta TT döneminde yapılan uç alma ile verim ve kalite özelliklerinin şaraplık üzümler için

istenilen seviyeye (verim 2.87 kg omca-1, toplam asitlik 6.90 g L-1; şıra pH’ı 3.525) eriştiği belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca

verimli topraklarda azot uygulamasına gerek duyulmaksızın kaliteli yetiştiricilik yapılabileceği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Azot, Merlot, Uç alma, Üzüm kalitesi, Verim

Kaynakça

• Abd El-Razek E, Treutter D, Saleh MMS, El-Shammaa M, Amera AF, Abdel-Hamid N, 2011. Effect of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on productivity and fruit quality of Crimson Seedless grape. Agric. & Biol. J North Amer. 2(2): 330-340.
• Bahar E, Carbonneau A, Korkutal I, 2011. The effect of extreme water stress on leaf drying limits and possibilities of recovering in three grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cultivars. AJAR 6(5): 1151-1160.
• Bentchikou M, Delas J, Bouard J, 1992. Effect of foliar sprays of mineral and organic compounds on shoot growth and grapevine production. J. Int. des Sci. de la Vigne et du Vin. 26(1-11): 49.
• Bessis R, 1993. Productivity Management. Revuedes Oenologues, 19(68): 7-10.
• Carbonneau A, Bahar E, 2009. Vine and berry responses to contrasted water fluxes in ecotron around verasion: manipulation of berry shriveling and consequences on berry growth, sugar loading and maturation 16th Int. Symp. GIESCO. Univ. Of California. 12-15 July 2009, USA, 145-154.
• Cemeroğlu B, 2007. Gıda Analizleri. Gıda Teknolojisi Derneği Yayınları. Ankara. Yayın No: 34.
• Conradie WJ, Saayman D, 1989. Effects of long-term Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Potassium fertilization on Chenin blanc vines. I. Nutrient demand and vine performance. Amer. J. Enol. & Vitic. 40(2): 85-90.
• Çelik H, Ağaoğlu YS, Fidan Y, Marasalı B, Söylemezoğlu G, 1998. Genel Bağcılık. Sunfidan A.Ş. Mesleki Kitaplar Serisi: 1. Kızılay-Ankara.
• Delas J, Molot C, Soyer JP, 1991. Effects of Nitrogen fertilization and grafting on the yield and quality of the crop of Vitis vinifera cv. Merlot. Proceed. Int. Symp. on Nitrogen in Grapes and Wine, 18-19 June Seattle. P: 242-248.
• Downey MO, Dokoozlian NK, Krstic MP, 2006. Cultural practice and environmental impacts on the flavonoid composition of grapes and wine: A Review of Recent Research. Amer. J. Enol. & Vitic. 57(3): 257-268.
• Ezzili B, 1994. Effect of pinching back and oligo-elements on fertility and mineral content of leaves of Alicante Grenache Noir variety, Vitis vinifera L. Bulletin de I’OIV 67: 213-224.
• INRA, 2007. Determinationd’Anthocyanes en Echantillons de Raisin. Mode Operatiore. Ref: MO-LAB-23. Verasion: 1, Septembre 2007. UE Pech Rouge. 2p.
• Keller M, Arnink KJ, Hrazdina G, 1998. Interaction of Nitrogen availability during bloom and light intensity during veraison. I. Effects on grapevine growth, fruit development, and ripening. Amer. J. Enol. & Vitic. 49(3): 333-340.
• Larcheveque C, Casanova A, Dupuch V, 1998. Relation between kinetics of alcoholic fermentation and must Nitrogen content. Influence of Nitrogen fertilization on Vitis vinifera cv. Muscadelle with permanent grass cover. Concentrations of some Amino Acids of musts. J. Int. des Sciences de la Vigne et du Vin. 32(3): 137-151.
• Liu Zhu Sheng, Li Shun Hui, Huang Zhi Qiong, Yang Yi Ling, Huang Li Xiu, Qiu Qiao Ling, 2015. Effects of different fertilization levels on the growth traits of Summer Black Grape. J. of Southern Agric. 46(2): 228-231.
• Madhava Rao MN, Mukherjee SK, 1970. Studies on pruning of grape. III. Fruit bud formation in Pusa Seedless grapes (Vitis vinifera L.) under Delhi conditions. Vitis 9: 52-59.
• Molitor D, Baron N, Sauerwein T, André MC, Kicherer A, Döring J, Stoll M, Beyer M, Hoffmann L, Evers D, 2015. Postponing first shoot topping reduces grape cluster compactness and delays bunch rot epidemic. Amer. J. Enol. & Vitic. 66(2): 164-176.
• Morris JR, Main GL, Oswald OL, 2004. Flower cluster and shoot thinning for crop control in French-American Hybrid Grapes. Amer. J. Enol. & Vitic. 55(4): 423-426.
• Solari C, Silvestroni O, Giudici P, Intrieri C, 1988. Influence of topping on juice composition of Sangiovese grapevines (V. vinifera L.). In: Smart R, Thornton R, Rodriguez S, Young J (Eds.): Proceedings of the 2nd Int. Symp. for Cool Climate Viticulture and Oenology, NZ, 11-15 Jan. 1988, pp. 147-151.
• Vergnes A, 1982. Methods of controlling coulure in Grenache. Progress Agricole et Viticole-Montpellier 99: 571-573.
• Wade J, Holzapfel B, Degaris K, Williams D, Keller M, 2004. Nitrogen and water management strategies for wine-grape quality. ISHS Acta Horticulturae 640: XXVI Int. Hortic. Congress: Viticulture - Living with Limitations.
• Wermelinger B, Baumgärtner J, 1990. Application of a demographic crop growth model: An explorative study on the influence of Nitrogen on grapevine performance. Acta Hortic. 276: 113-122.