Van İlinden Seçilmiş Bazı Tıbbi Bitkilerin Ağır Metal İçerikleri

Yıl 2019, , 533 - 544, 01.03.2019

Neşe Okut

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.491129

Cited By: 8

Öz

Tedavi
amacıyla çay olarak geniş bir kullanımı olan 9 bitki türü Van (Türkiye)'den seçilerek
Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, As, Cd, Pb, Cr, Cu, Co ve Sr seviyeleri belirlenmiştir.
Araştırmada kullanılan bitkiler: Sarı kantaron (Hypericum ssp.), civan perçemi (Achillea ssp.), hatmi (Alcea ssp), adaçayı (Salvia ssp.) ısırgan otu (Urtica ssp.), kekik (Thymus ssp), acı cehre (Frangula alnus), papatya (Matricaria ssp.) ve uçkun (Rheum ribes)'dur. Toplam olarak farklı kısımları
kullanılan 34 örnek incelenmiştir. Bitki örnekleri dört farklı satış
istasyonundan toplanmıştır. Örnekler mikrodalga yöntemi ile parçalanmış
(yakılmış) ve ICP-OES (Inductively Coupled Plasma
Optical Emission Spectrometry) spektrometre ile ölçümler belirlenmiştir.
Örneklerin mikroelement içerikleri şu şekilde sıralanmıştır: Al (0.597-32.852),
Fe (0.331-18.797), Mn (0.08-1.06), Zn (0.1-0.409), Ni (0.015), As (0.104), Cd
(0.00-0.03), Pb (0.00-0.16), Cr (0.002-0.111), Cu (0.063-0.292), Co (0.01-0.09)
ve Sr (0.107-1.925) ppm. İncelenen tıbbi bitkilerin mikro element seviyeleri
belirlenmiş ve insan sağlığı açısından güvenli olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

mikro element, korelasyon, Tıbbi bitkiler, ICP-OES

Heavy Metal Contents in Selected Medicinal Plants of Van-Turkey

Öz

Levels of Al, Fe, Mn, Zn, Ni, As, Cd,
Pb,Cr,Cu,Co and Sr were determined in selected 9 medicinal plants from
Van-Turkey, which are widely used in phytopharmacy as herbal teas. The
following plants were investigated: John’s wort (Hypericum ssp.), yarrow (Achillea ssp.), hollyhock (Alcea ssp), sage (Salvia ssp.) nettle (Urtica ssp.),
thyme (Thymus ssp), alder buckthorn (Frangula alnus), chamomile (Matricaria ssp.), rhubarb (Rheum ribes). A total of 34 samples of
various parts ofplants (root, leaf, flower) were examined. Plants were
collected from four different places in Van-Turkey. Samples were prepared using
the microwave digestion technique, and measurements were performed applying the
ICP-OES(Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry). Contents of
microelements in the examined samples ranged: Al (0.597-32.852), Fe
(0.331-18.797), Mn (0.08-1.06), Zn (0.1-0.409), Ni (0.015), As (0.104), Cd
(0.00-0.03), Pb (0.00-0.16), Cr (0.002-0.111), Cu (0.063-0.292), Co (0.01-0.09)
and Sr (0.107-1.925) ppm. Based on determined amounts of microelements, from
investigated samples of medicinal plants are considered safe for human
consumption.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Medicinal plants, microelements, correlation, ICP-OES

Kaynakça

• Arab AAK, Kawther MS, El Tantawy ME, Badeaa RI, Khayria N, 1999. Quantity Estimation of Some Contaminants in Commonly Used Medicinal Plants in the Market. Food Chemistry, 67: 357-363.
• Başgel S, Erdemoğlu SB, 2006. Determination of Mineral and Trace Elements in Some Medicinal Herbs and Their İnfusions Consumed in Turkey. Science of the Total Environment 359: 82-89.
• Benavides MP, Gallego SM, Tomaro ML, 2005. Toxic Metals in Plants Cadmium Toxicity in Plants. J. Plant Physiol, 17(1): 21-34.
• Bernhoft RA, 2012. Mercury toxicity and treatment: a review of the literature. Journal of environmental and public health, Vol: 2012.
• Chan K, 2003. Some Aspects of Toxic Contaminants in Herbal Medicines. Chemosphere 52(9): 1361-1371.
• Demirezen D, Aksoy A, 2006. Heavy Metal Levels in Vegetables in Turkey are within Safe Limits For Cu, Zn, Ni and Exceeded for Cd and Pb. Journal of Food Quality, 29(3): 203-293.
• Dunbabin DW, Tallis GA, Popplewell PY, 1992. Lead poisoning from Indian herbal medicine (Ayurveda). The Journal of Australia, 157 (11-12): 835-836.
• FAO/WHO, 1984. List of Maximum Levels Recommended for Contaminants by the Joint FAO/WHO Codex Alimentarius Commission. 2nd Edition, FAO/WHO, Rome, 1-8.
• Gil F, Hernande AF, Marquez C, Femia P, Olmedo P, Lopez-Guarnido O, Pla A, 2011. Biomonitorization of Cadmium, Chromium, Manganese, Nickel and Lead in Whole Blood, Urine, Axillary Hair And Saliva İn An Exposed Population. Sci. Total Environ, 409 (6): 1172-1180.
• Godt J, Scheidig F, Grosse-Siestrup C, Esche V, Brandenburg P, Reich A, Groneberg DA, 2006. The toxicity of cadmium and resulting hazards for human health. Journal of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology, 1: 22.
• Haider S, Naithani V, Barthwal J, Kakkar P, 2004. Heavy Metal Content in Some Therapeutically İmportant Medicinal Plants. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 72 (1): 119-127.
• Heyes RB, 1997. The Carcinogenicity of Metals in Humans. Cancer Causes Control, 8: 371-385.
• Jabeen S, Shah MT, Khan S, Hayat MQ, 2010. Determination of Major and Trace Elements in Ten İmportant Folk Therapeutic Plants of Haripur Basin, Pakistan. J Med Plants Res, 4(7): 559-566.
• Kakosy T, Hudak,A, Naray M, 1996. Lead İntoxication Epidemic Caused by Ingestion of Contaminated Ground Paprika, J Toxicol Clin Toxicol. 34(5):507-11.
• Kalny P, Fijalek Z, Daszczuk A, Ostapczu, P, 2007. Determination of Selected Microelements in Polish Herbs Their İnfusions. Sci. Total Environ, 381: 99–104.
• Kirmani MZ, Mohiuddin S, Naz F, Naqvi II, Zahir E, 2011. Determination of Some Toxic And Essential Trace Metals in Some Medicinal and Edible Plants of Karachi City. J Basic Appl Sci, 7(2):89–95.
• Kohzadi S, Shahmoradi B, Ghaderi E, Loqmani H, A Maleki A, 12018. Concentration, Source, and Potential Human Health Risk of Heavy Metals in the Commonly Consumed Medicinal Plants. Biological Trace Element Research, doi: 10.1007/s12011-018-1357-3.
• Kulhari A, Sheorayan A, Bajar S, Sarkar S, Chaudhury A, Kalia RK, 2013 Investigation of Heavy Metals Infrequently Utilized Medicinal Plants Collected From Environmentally Diverse Locations of North Western India. SpringerPlus 2(1):676.
• Lopez FF, Cabrera C, Lorenzo ML, Lopez M, 2000. Aluminium Levels in Spices and Aromatic Herbs. Sci Total Environ, 257:191-7.
• Lokeshappa B, Shivpuri K, Tripathi V, Dikshit A, 2012. Assessment Of Toxic Metals İn Agricultural Produce. Food Public Health, 2(1):24-29.
• Markowitz SB, Nenez CM, Klitzman S, 1994. Lead Poisoning Due to Hai Ge Fen. The Porphyry Content of Individual Erythrocytes. Journal of the American Medical Association, 271: 932-934.
• Martin-Domingo MC, Pla A, Hernández AF, Olmedo P, Navas-Acien A, Lozano-Paniagua D, Gil F, 2017. Determination of Metalloid, Metallic and Mineral Elements in Herbal Teas. Risk Assessment for the Consumers. Journal of Food Composition and Analysis, 60 (2017) 81–89.
• Maobe MA, Gatebe E, Gitu L, Rotich H, 2012. Profile Of Heavy Metals in Selected Medicinal Plants Used for the Treatment of Diabetes, Malaria and Pneumonia in Kisii Region, Southwest Kenya. Glob J Pharmacol, (3):245–251.
• McLaughlin MJ, Parker, DR, Clark, JM, 1999. Metals And Micronutrientsfood Safety Issues. Field Crops, 60: 143–163.
• Meena AK, Bansal P, Kumar S, Rao MM, Garg VK, 2010. Estimation of Heavy Metals in Commonly Used Plants: a Market Basket Survey. Environ. Monit. Assess, 170 (1-4): 657-660.
• Nordberg G, 1999. Excursions of Intake Above ADI: Case Study On Cadmium. Regulatory. Toxicology and Pharmacology, 30: 57-62.
• Olujohungbe A, Fields PA, Sandford AF, 1994. Heavy Metal Intoxication from Homeopathic and Herbal Remedies. Postgraduate Medical Journal, 70: 764-769.
• Özcan MM, Akbulut M, 2007. Estimation of minerals, nitrate and nitrite contents of medicinal and aromatic plants used as spices, condiments and herbal tea, Food Chem. 106 :852–858.
• Pip E, 1991. Cadmium, Copper and Lead in Soils and Garden Produce Near a Metal Smelter at Flin Flon, Manitoba. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 46: 790–796.
• Powell JJ, Greenfield SM, Parkes HG, Thompson RPH, 1993. Gastrointestinal Availability of Al from Tea. Food Chem Toxicol, 31: 449-454.
• Rajan JP, Singh KB, Kumar S, Mishra RK, 2014. Trace Elements Content in the Selected Medicinal Plants Used for Curing Skin Diseases by the Natives of Mizoram, India. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine. 7:410-414.
• Rubio C, Lucas J.D, Gutiérrez AJ, Glez-Weller D, Pérez Marrero B, Caballero JM, Hardisson A, 2012. Evaluation of Metal Concentrations in Mentha Herbal Teas (Mentha piperita, Mentha pulegium and Mentha species) by inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. J. Pharm. Biomed. Anal, 71: 11–17.
• Sarma H, Deka S, Deka H, Saikia RR, 2011. Accumulation of Heavy Metals in Selected Medicinal Plants. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol, 214: 63–86.
• SAS, 2018. SAS Version 9.4. SAS Inst., Carry, NC.
• Stef SD, Gergen I, Traca IT, Harmaneşcu M, Stef L, Druga M, Biron R, Hegheduş-Mimdru G, 2010. Evaluation of 33 Medicinal Plant Extracts for the Antioxidant Capacity and Total Phenols. Journal of Food Agriculture and Environment, 8(3):207-210.
• Szentmihályi É, Héthelyi V, Virág M, 2009. Mineral Elements in Muscat Sage Plant (Salvia sclarea L.) and essential oil. Acta Biol. Szeged. 53: 35-38.
• Tong S, Von Schirnding YE, Prapamontol T, 2000. Environmentallead Exposure: a Public Problem of Global Dimension. Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 78, 1068-1077.
• Wani AL, Ara A, Usmani JA, 2015. Lead toxicity: a review. Interdisciplinary toxicology, 8(2): 55-64.
• WHO, 2003. Elemental Mercury and Inorganic Mercury Compounds: Human Health Aspects. Concise International Chemical Assessment Document 50. World Health Organization, Geneva.
• WHO, 1992. Cadmium, Environmental Health Criteria, (Vol. 134) WHO Press,