Investigation of Effect of Abamectin on Microbial Community and Biogas Production in Anaerobic Treatment

Öz

Abamectin is a widely used pesticide in agriculture and animal husbandry and can cause multiple toxic effects on organisms. However, the mechanism of this toxic effect has not been completely elucidated yet. The continuous accumulation of abamectin in environmental environments can pose potential ecological risks, especially in aquatic environments. In this study, the effect of abamectin at different concentrations (0.25-5 mg L-1) on microorganisms and biogas production in anaerobic treatment was investigated in detail. The results showed that biogas production significantly reduced at abamectin concentrations above 2 mg L-1 because of the inhibition of microbial community. The amount of biogas significantly reduced due to the increase in abamectin concentration and it decreased at the percentage of 97% in the reactor containing 5 mg L-1 abamectin as compared to the control reactor. The CH4 content of biogas in control reactor was approximately 50% during the highest biogas production, while it decreased significantly due to the increase in abamectin concentration, and CH4 was not detected in biogas produced in the reactor fed 5 mg L-1 abamectin. Additionally, the viability of bacteria in the reactor significantly reduced with the increase in abamectin concentration. In conclusion, it has been determined that abamectin has a toxic effect on anaerobic microorganisms, and thus, the biodegradation process in the reactor is negatively affected from toxicity of abamectin. The data obtained as a result of this study can contribute significantly to the literature on the treatment of wastewater containing abamectin by anaerobic processes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Abamectin
• anaerobic treatment
• biogas production
• microbial ecology

Abamektin Pestisitinin Anaerobik Arıtma Sisteminde Mikrobiyal Komunite ve Biyogaz Üretimi Üzerindeki Etkisinin Araştırılması

Öz

Abamektin tarım ve hayvancılıkta yaygın olarak kullanılan bir pestisit olup organizmalar üzerinde çoklu toksik etkilere neden olabilmektedir. Ancak söz konusu toksik etkinin mekanizması hala tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır. Abamektinin çevresel ortamlarda sürekli olarak birikmesi, özellikle su ortamlarında potansiyel ekolojik riskler oluşturabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, farklı konsantrasyonlarda (0.25-5 mg L-1) abamektinin anaerobik bir arıtma sisteminde mikroorganizmalar ve biyogaz üretimi üzerindeki etkisi detaylı bir şekilde araştırılmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda elde edilen veriler, 2 mg L-1’nin üzerindeki abamektin konsantrasyonlarının mikrobiyal ekolojiyi inhibe ederek biyogaz üretimini önemli ölçüde azalttığını göstermiştir. Üretilen biyogaz miktarı, abamektin konsantrasyonunun artışına bağlı olarak belirgin bir şekilde azalmış ve kontrol reaktörüne kıyasla 5 mg L-1 abamektin içeren reaktörde üretilen biyogaz %97 oranında düşmüştür. Biyogaz üretiminin en yüksek olduğu süreçte kontrol reaktöründeki biyogazın metan (CH4) içeriği ise yaklaşık olarak %50 iken bu oran abamektin konsantrasyonunun artışına bağlı olarak önemli oranda azalmıştır ve 5 mg L-1 abamektin beslemesi yapılan reaktörde üretilen biyogazın bileşiminde CH4 bileşiğine rastlanmamıştır. Ayrıca, abamektin konsantrasyonunun artışı ile reaktör içeriğindeki bakteri canlılık oranının önemli ölçüde azaldığı gözlemlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, abamektin pestisitinin anaerobik mikroorganizmalar üzerinde toksik etki yaptığı ve buna bağlı olarak reaktör içerisindeki biyodegradasyon sürecinin olumsuz bir şekilde etkilendiği tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma sonucunda elde edilen veriler, abamektin içeren atıksuların anaerobik prosesler ile arıtımı üzerine literatüre önemli ölçüde katkı sağlayabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Abamektin
• anaerobik arıtım
• biyogaz üretimi
• mikrobiyal ekoloji

Kaynakça

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