Genetik Algoritma ile Eş Zamanlı Topla-Dağıt Araç Rotalama: İstanbul Anadolu Yakası için Bir Uygulama

Öz

Araç rotalama problemi, lojistik alanındaki en önemli problemlerden biridir. Eş zamanlı Topla-Dağıt Araç Rotalama Problemi, Araç Rotalama Problemi’nin bir türüdür. Bu problem türünde, müşteri veya iş merkezlerinin toplama ve dağıtım talepleri eşzamanlı olarak karşılanmaktadır. Çözümü zor problemler arasında yer alan Eş zamanlı Topla-Dağıt Araç Rotalama Problemi’nde dikkate alınması gereken bir diğer unsur da araçların kapasitesidir. Bu probleme yönelik olarak son yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda metasezgisel yöntemlerin sıklıkla kullanıldığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu çalışmada, İstanbul’un Anadolu yakasında yer alan Ataşehir ilçesinde ana deposu bulunan bir perakende işletmesinin 12 farklı marketinin dağıtım ve toplama taleplerini eş zamanlı karşılayan araç rotalama problemi ele alınmıştır. Problemin çözümü için ceza-tabanlı Genetik Algoritma önerilmiştir. Bu doğrultuda, oluşturulan örnek problem setleri üzerinde kat edilen toplam mesafe en küçüklenecek şekilde en az sayıda araç ile müşterilerin tüm dağıtım ve toplama taleplerini karşılayan verimli rotalar hesaplanmaktadır. Önerilen ceza-tabanlı Genetik Algoritma ile elde edilen sonuçlar bir diğer metasezgisel algoritma olan Tavlama Benzetimi ile karşılaştırılarak algoritmanın performansı değerlendirilmiştir. Karşılaştırma sonuçları incelendiğinde ceza-tabanlı Genetik Algoritma ile hem maliyet hem de işlem süresi açısından daha iyi sonuçların elde edildiği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Eş Zamanlı Topla-Dağıt Araç Rotalama Problemi
• Genetik Algoritma
• Tavlama Benzetimi

Simultaneous Pick-Up and Delivery Vehicle Routing Using Genetic Algorithm: An Application for the Anatolian Side of Istanbul

Öz

Vehicle routing problem is one of the most important problems in logistics. Simultaneous Pick-up and Delivery Vehicle Routing Problem is a type of Vehicle Routing Problem. In this type of problem, pick-up and delivery requests of customers or business centers are met simultaneously. Simultaneous Pick-up and Delivery Vehicle Routing Problem is one of the difficult problems to solve. Another factor to consider is the capacity of the vehicles. In recent years, it has been observed that metaheuristics methods are used for the solution of this problem. In this study, the vehicle routing problem, which meets the pick-up and delivery demands of 12 different markets of a retail company with a main warehouse in Ataşehir district on the Anatolian side of Istanbul, is discussed. A penalty-based Genetic Algorithm is proposed for the solution of the problem. Accordingly, efficient routes that meet all pick-up and delivery demands of the customers are generated with the least number of vehicles so that the total distance traveled on the sample problem sets is minimized. The performance of the algorithm is evaluated by comparing the results of the proposed penalty-based Genetic Algorithm with another metaheuristics algorithm, Simulated Annealing. When the comparison results are analyzed, it is seen that better results are obtained in terms of both cost and computation time with the penalty-based Genetic Algorithm.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Simultaneous Pick-Up and Delivery Vehicle Routing
• Genetic Algorithm
• Simulated Annealing

Kaynakça

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