Fumigant Effects of Essential Oils of Thymus sipyleus (Boiss.) subsp. rosulans (Borbas) Jalas and Mentha longifolia subsp. longifolia (Lamiaceae) Against Some Stored Product Pests

Öz

In this study was investigated fumigant effects on adult of important pests of stored products of lesser grain borer, Rhizopertha dominica (Fabricius), sawtoothed grain beetle, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus), rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) and confused flour beetle, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val of obtained essential oils above ground of Thymus sipyleus (Boiss) subsp. rosulans (Borbas) Jalas and Mentha longifolia (Hudson) subsp. longifolia in the Lamiaceae family of plants collected from Iğdır province. The obtained essential oils of these plants were prepared in 3 replications at 5, 10 and 15 μl petri-1 doses under 25 ± 1°C temperature and 65 ± 5% relative humidity conditions. LC50 and LC90 values were determined by looking at the mortality rates at 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours at different periods. In consequence of the studies, according to the LC50 and LC90 values, the least toxicity was determined for Thymus sipyleus Boiss. subsp. rosulans essential oil (LC50, 1.1555 μl insect-1 and LC90, 4.567) while the least toxicity was determined on O. surinamensis adults, while the other species and doses of the essential oils of both plants were found to have toxicity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lamiaceae
• pests of stored products
• fumigant
• essential oil

Thymus sipyleus (Boiss.) subsp. rosulans (Borbas) Jalas ve Mentha longifolia subsp. longifolia (Lamiaceae) Ait Uçucu Yağların Bazı Depolanmış Ürün Zararlılarına Karşı Fumigant Etkileri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, Iğdır ilinden toplanmış Lamiaceae familyasına ait Thymus sipyleus (Boiss) subsp. rosulans (Borbas) Jalas ve Mentha longifolia (Hudson) subsp. longifolia bitkilerinin toprak üstü aksamlarından elde edilen uçucu yağların Ekin kambur biti, Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius), testereli böcek, Oryzaephilus surinamensis (Linnaeus), küçük kırma biti, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), börülce tohum böceği, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabricius) ve kırma biti, Tribolium confusum Jacquelin du Val’un ergin dönemlerine karşı fumigant etkileri incelenmiştir. Söz konusu bitkilerden elde edilen yağlar 25±1°C sıcaklık ve %65±5 orantılı nem koşullarında 5, 10 ve 15 μl petri-1 dozlarında 3 tekerrür hazırlanmış ve 12, 24, 48, 72 ve 96 saatte ölüm oranlarına bakılarak LC50 ve LC90 değerleri belirlenmiştir. Çalışmalar sonucunda, (LC50 ve LC90) değerine göre en az toksisite Thymus sipyleus Boiss. subsp. rosulans uçucu yağı için (LC50, 1.1555 μl böcek-1 ve LC90, 4.567) O. surinamensis erginleri üzerinde belirlenirken, her iki bitkinin uçucu yağının diğer tür ve dozların toksisiteye sahip oldukları tespit edilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lamiaceae
• depolanmış ürün zararlıları
• fumigant etki
• uçucu yağ

Kaynakça

1. Akgül A, 1993. Baharat Bilimi ve Teknolojisi. Ankara, Gıda Teknolojisi Derneği Yayınları No: 15, s.451, Ankara-Türkiye.
2. Başer KHC, Özek T, Kürkçüoğlu M, Tümen G, 1994. The essential oil of Origanum vulgare sub. sp. hirtum of Turkish origin. Journal of Essential Oil Research, 6(1): 31-36.
3. Baytop T, 1999. Türkiye’de Bitkiler ile Tedavi. Nobel Kitabevi, s. 302- 304, İstanbul-Türkiye.
4. Benner JP, 1993. Pesticidal compound from higher plants. Pesticide Science, 39: 95-102.
5. Boxall RA, 2001. Post-harvest losses to insecta world overview. International Biodeterioration and Biodegration, 48: 137-152.
6. Ceylan A, 1996. Tıbbi Bitkiler-II (Uçucu yağ bitkileri). İzmir, Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No:481, s. 225-240, İzmir-Türkiye.
7. Channoo C, Tantakom S, Jiwajinda S, Isichaikul S, 2002. Fumigation toxicity of eucalyptus oil against three product beetles. Thailand Journal Agriculture Science, 35: 265-272.
8. Elgün A, Ertugay Z, 1990. Tahıl İşletme Teknolojisi. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları No: 297, Ders Kitapları Serisi No: 52, s. 482, Erzurum Türkiye.

9. El-Salam AME, 2010. Fumigant toxicity of seven essential oils against the cowpea weevil, Callosabruchus maculatus (F.) and the rice weevil, Stophilus oryzae (L.). Egyptian Academy F. Journal of Biological Sciences, 2(1): 1-6.
10. Kahraman A, Celep F, Dogan M, 2009. Morphology, anatomy and palynology of Salvia indica L. (Labiatae). World Applied Sciences Journal, 6(2): 289-296.
11. Kellouche A, Ait-Aider F, Ladaoui K, Moula D, Ouendi K, Hamadi N, Ouramdane A, Frerot B, Mellouk M, 2010. Biological activity of ten essential oils against cowpea beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus Fabricius (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). International Journal of Integrative Biology, 10(2): 86-89.
12. Khani A, Asghari J, 2012. Insecticide activity of essential oils of Mentha longifolia, Pulicaria gnaphalodes and Achiilea wilhelmsii against two stored product pests, the flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum and the cowpea weevil, Callosobruchus maculatus. Journal of Insect Science, 12: 73.
13. Lopez MD, Pascual-Villalobos MJ, 2010. Mode of inhibition of acetylcholinesterase by monoterpenoids and implications for pest control. Industrial Crops and Products, 31(2): 284-288.
14. Mansour F, Ravid U, Putievsky E, 1986. Studies of the effects of essential oils ısolated from 4 species of Labiatae on the Carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Phytoparasitica, 14(2): 137-142.
15. Ndungu M, Lwande W, Hassanali A, Moreka l, Chabra SC, 1995. Cleome monophylla essential oil and its constituentsas tick (Rhipicephalus appendiculatus) and Maize Weevil (Sitophilus zeamais) Repellents. Entomologia Exerimentalis Et Applicata, 76: 217-222.
16. Raja N, Albert S, Ignacimuthu S, Dorn S, 2001. Effect of plant volatile oils in protecting stored cowpea Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walpers against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) infestation. Journal of Stored Products Research, 37: 127-132.
17. Rajendran S, Sriranjini V, 2008. Plant products as fumigants for stored-product insect control. Journal of Stored Products Research, 44(2): 126-135.
18. Shaaya E, Ravid U, Paster N, Juven B, Zisman U, Pissarev V, 1991. Fumigant toxicity of essential oils against four major stored- product insects. Journal of Chemical Ecology, 17(3): 499-504.
19. Sivakumar C, Chandrasekaran S, Vijayaraghavan C, Selvaraj S, 2010. Fumigant toxicity of essential oils against pulse beetle, Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). Journal of Biopesticides, 3(1 Special Issue): 317-319.
20. Tanker M, Tanker N, 1990. Farmakognozi. Ankara, Ankara Üniversitesi Eczacılık Fakültesi Yayınları Cilt 2, No:65, s. 422 Ankara-Türkiye.
21. Thorne RF, (1992). Classification and geography of the flowering plants. The Botanical Review, 58: 225-348.
22. Usanmaz Bozhüyük AU, Kordali Ş, Kesdek M, Altınok MA, Varcin M, Bozhüyük MR, 2016. Insecticidal effects of essential oils obtained from six plants against Callosobruchus maculatus (F.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae), a pest of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) (L.). Fresenius Environmental Bulletin, 25(7/2016): 2620-2627.