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Woody Plants Used in Green Spaces of Bingöl City and Their Use Aims

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 103 - 110, 30.06.2016

Ahmet Caf Mehmet Akif Irmak Hasan Yılmaz

Öz

In the design of open green spaces in urban and rural areas, the plant material is of great importance.
The basic part of plant material is woody plants in landscape works. In our country, mainly exotic plants are used in
plant design. It is only possible with the use of native plants to reduce the cost of constitution and maintenance in
plant works and to adapt plan materials ecologically to the local areas. Long term droughts caused by climate change
in the 21 st century will be a problem in the next years. Depending on such a condition, understanding of xeriscape
will gain importance. The use of natural plant cover is one of two main principles of xeriscape understanding. From
this perspective, in the use of natural plant cover, the cost of maintenance, irrigation facility and water amount will
be reduced. Bingöl city, a cold climate city, is determined to be rich in plant materials and offer plant diversity as the
result of the surveys conducted around the city. In the scope of the present study, woody plants used in open green
spaces in and around Bingöl city were determined by considering their use aims and rates  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Open and green areas Bingol plants natural woody plants xeriscape

Kaynakça

  • Akbari H, 2001. Shade trees reduce building energy use and CO2 emissions from power plants. Enviromental Polition 116: 119- 126.
  • Akbari H, Pomerantz M, Taha H, 2001. Cool surfaces and shade trees to reduce energy use and improve air quality in urban areas. Solar Energy 70(3): 295-310.
  • Anonim, 2016a. Türkiye Bitkileri Veri Servisi, TÜBİVES, http:// www.tubives.com/, (Erişim tarihi: 01.02.2016).
  • Anonim, 2016b. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü İnternet Sayfası, http://www.mgm.gov.tr/tahmin/ il-ve-ilceler.aspx?m=BINGOL, (Erişim tarihi: 02.02.2016).
  • Anonim, 2016c. Bingöl Belediyesi Resmi İnternet Sayfası. http:// www.bingol.bel.tr/, (Erişim tarihi: 01.02.2016).
  • Bulíř P, Skorpik M, 1987. Aktuality VÚOZ Průhonice, Průhonice in Czech Donovan GH, Butry D, 2010. Trees in the city: valuing street trees in Portland, Oregon. Landscape and UrbanPlanning 94(2):77- 83
  • Harris RW, Clark JR, Nelda PM, 2004. Arboriculture. integrated management of landscape trees, shruubs, and wines. Fourth Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 580 p Heisler GM, 1986. Energy savings with trees, J. Arboric. 12(5):113–125.
  • Heisler GM, Grant, R. H., 2000. Ulraviolet radiation in urbanMecosystems with considerations of effects on human healty.MUrban Ecosystems 4(3): 193-229
  • Irmak MA, 2013. Use of native woody plants in urban landscapes.MJournal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 11 (2):1305- 1309.
  • James P, Tzoulas K, Adams MD, Barber A, 2009. Towards an integrated understanding of green space in the European built environment . Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 8(2):65-75.
  • Jim CJ, Chen WY, 2008. Assessing the ecosystem service of air pollutant removal by urban trees in Guangzhou (China). Journal of Environmental Management 88(4):665-676.
  • Leuzinger S, Vogt R, Körner, C., 2010. Tree surface temperature in an urban environment. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 150(1):56-62.
  • Manning A, Fischer J, Lindenmayer D, 2006. Scattered trees are keystone structures. Implications for conservation. Biological Conservation, 132: 311-321.
  • McCollin D, 2000. Hedgerow policy and protection. Changing digms and the conservation ethic. Journal of Environmental Man-agement 60: 3-6.
  • McPherson EG, 1998. Atmospheric carbon dioxide reduction by Sacramento’s urban forest. J. Arboric. 24 (4): 215–223.
  • McPherson EG, James R, Simpson JR, Xiao Q, Chunxia WC, 2011. Million trees Los Angeles canopy cover and beneft assessment. Landscape and Urban Planning, 99(1):40–50.
  • Morgan R, 2005. A Technical guide to urban and community forestry Washington, World Forestry Center Oregon and California (Şehir Ormancılığı Rehberi Çeviren: Dr. Hidayet Karakurt). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi, İZSU Genel Müdürlüğü, Eğitim Müdürlüğü Yayını, İzmir, 51 s.
  • Nair PKR, Kumar BM, Nair VD, 2009. Agroforestry as a strategy for carbon sequestration. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 172: 10-23.
  • Özhatay N, Byfeld A, Atay S, 2005. Türkiye’nin 122 Önemli Bitki Alanı. WWF Türkiye Doğal Hayatı Koruma Vakfı Yayınları, İstanbul, 476s.
  • Plieninger T, 2011. Capitalizing on the carbon sequestration potential of agroforestry in Germany’s agricultural landscapes: Realigning the climate-change mitigation and landscape. Landscape Research, 36(4): 435–454
  • Russel T, Culter C, 2008. L’Encyclopedie Mondiale des Arbres. Une Guide Superbement Ilustre sur les Arbres du Monde. Hachette Pratique. 256 p.
  • Sheaffer C, Rose MA, 1998. The Native Plants of Ohio. Bulletin Extension, pp. 865-898. The Ohio State University
  • Takhtajan A, 1986. Floristic Regions of the World. Transl. by T.J. Crovello and ed. by A. Cronquist. University of California Press. Berkeley, USA, 522 p.
  • Ürgenç S, 1990. Genel Plantasyon ve Ağaçlandırma Tekniği. İstanbul Üniv. Yayın no: 3644, İstanbul, 644 s.
  • Walker TD, 1991. Planting Design.Van Nostrand Reinhold , ISBN: 0-471-29022-X, New York, 196 p.
  • Yilmaz H, Kelkit A, Bulut Y, Yilmaz S, 1996. The importance in the landscape architecture of herbaceous and deciduous plants that is grown in the natural meadow-pasture and high plateau vegetations in Erzurum Region. Turkey III. Grass Pasture and Forage Crops Congress, 17-19 Jun, 1996, Erzurum..
  • Yılmaz H, Irmak MA, 2004. Erzurum Kenti Açık ve Yeşil Alanlarında Kullanılan Bitkisel Materyal. Ekoloji 13(52): 9-16
  • Zencirkıran M, 2009. Determination of native woody landscape plants in Bursa and Uludag. African Journal of Biotechnology 8(21):5737-5746.

Bingöl İli Yeşil Alanlarında Kullanılan Odunsu Bitkiler ve Kullanım Amaçları

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 103 - 110, 30.06.2016

Ahmet Caf Mehmet Akif Irmak Hasan Yılmaz

Öz

Kentsel ve kırsal açık yeşil alanların düzenlenmesinde, çalışmaların önemli bir kısmını bitkisel materyal
oluşturmaktadır. Bitkisel materyallerin ise iskeletini odunsu bitkiler oluşturmaktadırlar. Ülkemizde bitkisel
materyalinin kullanımında çoğunlukla yabancı orjinli (egzotik) türler kullanılmaktadır. Plantasyon çalışmalarında
tesis ve bakım maliyetlerinin düşük olması, kullanılan bitkisel materyalin adaptasyonunun sağlanması ve ekolojik
olması, doğal bitkisel materyal kullanılması ile mümkündür. 21. yy dünyasında küresel ısınma ve beraberinde
getirdiği susuzluk problemi ilerleyen yıllarda sorun olmaya başlayacaktır. Buna bağlantılı olarak kurakçıl peyzaj
anlayışı da önem kazanacaktır. Kurakçıl Peyzaj (Xeriscape) anlayışının iki temel maddesinden biri de doğal bitki
örtüsü kullanımıdır. Bu açıdan da bakıldığında, doğal bitki örtüsü kullanımı ile bakım, sulama tesis maliyeti ve
kullanılan su miktarında azalmalar görülecek hatta ihtiyaç bile kalmayacaktır. Soğuk iklim kentlerinden biri olan
Bingöl ili ve çevresinde yapılan arazi çalışmaları neticesinde bitkisel materyal açısından çok çeşitli bir yapıya sahip
olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, Bingöl ili ve çevresindeki açık yeşil alanlarda kullanılan odunsu
bitkiler tespit edilmiş olup, bu bitkilerin kullanım amaçları, kullanılan doğal bitkiler ve kullanım oranları tespit
edilmiştir  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Açık ve yeşil alanlar Bingöl bitkileri doğal odunsu bitkiler kurakçıl peyzaj

Kaynakça

  • Akbari H, 2001. Shade trees reduce building energy use and CO2 emissions from power plants. Enviromental Polition 116: 119- 126.
  • Akbari H, Pomerantz M, Taha H, 2001. Cool surfaces and shade trees to reduce energy use and improve air quality in urban areas. Solar Energy 70(3): 295-310.
  • Anonim, 2016a. Türkiye Bitkileri Veri Servisi, TÜBİVES, http:// www.tubives.com/, (Erişim tarihi: 01.02.2016).
  • Anonim, 2016b. Orman ve Su İşleri Bakanlığı, Meteoroloji Genel Müdürlüğü İnternet Sayfası, http://www.mgm.gov.tr/tahmin/ il-ve-ilceler.aspx?m=BINGOL, (Erişim tarihi: 02.02.2016).
  • Anonim, 2016c. Bingöl Belediyesi Resmi İnternet Sayfası. http:// www.bingol.bel.tr/, (Erişim tarihi: 01.02.2016).
  • Bulíř P, Skorpik M, 1987. Aktuality VÚOZ Průhonice, Průhonice in Czech Donovan GH, Butry D, 2010. Trees in the city: valuing street trees in Portland, Oregon. Landscape and UrbanPlanning 94(2):77- 83
  • Harris RW, Clark JR, Nelda PM, 2004. Arboriculture. integrated management of landscape trees, shruubs, and wines. Fourth Edition, Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey, 580 p Heisler GM, 1986. Energy savings with trees, J. Arboric. 12(5):113–125.
  • Heisler GM, Grant, R. H., 2000. Ulraviolet radiation in urbanMecosystems with considerations of effects on human healty.MUrban Ecosystems 4(3): 193-229
  • Irmak MA, 2013. Use of native woody plants in urban landscapes.MJournal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 11 (2):1305- 1309.
  • James P, Tzoulas K, Adams MD, Barber A, 2009. Towards an integrated understanding of green space in the European built environment . Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 8(2):65-75.
  • Jim CJ, Chen WY, 2008. Assessing the ecosystem service of air pollutant removal by urban trees in Guangzhou (China). Journal of Environmental Management 88(4):665-676.
  • Leuzinger S, Vogt R, Körner, C., 2010. Tree surface temperature in an urban environment. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 150(1):56-62.
  • Manning A, Fischer J, Lindenmayer D, 2006. Scattered trees are keystone structures. Implications for conservation. Biological Conservation, 132: 311-321.
  • McCollin D, 2000. Hedgerow policy and protection. Changing digms and the conservation ethic. Journal of Environmental Man-agement 60: 3-6.
  • McPherson EG, 1998. Atmospheric carbon dioxide reduction by Sacramento’s urban forest. J. Arboric. 24 (4): 215–223.
  • McPherson EG, James R, Simpson JR, Xiao Q, Chunxia WC, 2011. Million trees Los Angeles canopy cover and beneft assessment. Landscape and Urban Planning, 99(1):40–50.
  • Morgan R, 2005. A Technical guide to urban and community forestry Washington, World Forestry Center Oregon and California (Şehir Ormancılığı Rehberi Çeviren: Dr. Hidayet Karakurt). İzmir Büyükşehir Belediyesi, İZSU Genel Müdürlüğü, Eğitim Müdürlüğü Yayını, İzmir, 51 s.
  • Nair PKR, Kumar BM, Nair VD, 2009. Agroforestry as a strategy for carbon sequestration. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science 172: 10-23.
  • Özhatay N, Byfeld A, Atay S, 2005. Türkiye’nin 122 Önemli Bitki Alanı. WWF Türkiye Doğal Hayatı Koruma Vakfı Yayınları, İstanbul, 476s.
  • Plieninger T, 2011. Capitalizing on the carbon sequestration potential of agroforestry in Germany’s agricultural landscapes: Realigning the climate-change mitigation and landscape. Landscape Research, 36(4): 435–454
  • Russel T, Culter C, 2008. L’Encyclopedie Mondiale des Arbres. Une Guide Superbement Ilustre sur les Arbres du Monde. Hachette Pratique. 256 p.
  • Sheaffer C, Rose MA, 1998. The Native Plants of Ohio. Bulletin Extension, pp. 865-898. The Ohio State University
  • Takhtajan A, 1986. Floristic Regions of the World. Transl. by T.J. Crovello and ed. by A. Cronquist. University of California Press. Berkeley, USA, 522 p.
  • Ürgenç S, 1990. Genel Plantasyon ve Ağaçlandırma Tekniği. İstanbul Üniv. Yayın no: 3644, İstanbul, 644 s.
  • Walker TD, 1991. Planting Design.Van Nostrand Reinhold , ISBN: 0-471-29022-X, New York, 196 p.
  • Yilmaz H, Kelkit A, Bulut Y, Yilmaz S, 1996. The importance in the landscape architecture of herbaceous and deciduous plants that is grown in the natural meadow-pasture and high plateau vegetations in Erzurum Region. Turkey III. Grass Pasture and Forage Crops Congress, 17-19 Jun, 1996, Erzurum..
  • Yılmaz H, Irmak MA, 2004. Erzurum Kenti Açık ve Yeşil Alanlarında Kullanılan Bitkisel Materyal. Ekoloji 13(52): 9-16
  • Zencirkıran M, 2009. Determination of native woody landscape plants in Bursa and Uludag. African Journal of Biotechnology 8(21):5737-5746.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm Peyzaj Mimarlığı / Landscape Architecture
Yazarlar

Ahmet Caf Bu kişi benim

Mehmet Akif Irmak Bu kişi benim

Hasan Yılmaz Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2016
Gönderilme Tarihi 24 Şubat 2016
Kabul Tarihi 11 Nisan 2016
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2016 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Caf, A., Irmak, M. A., & Yılmaz, H. (2016). Woody Plants Used in Green Spaces of Bingöl City and Their Use Aims. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 6(2), 103-110.
AMA Caf A, Irmak MA, Yılmaz H. Woody Plants Used in Green Spaces of Bingöl City and Their Use Aims. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. Haziran 2016;6(2):103-110.
Chicago Caf, Ahmet, Mehmet Akif Irmak, ve Hasan Yılmaz. “Woody Plants Used in Green Spaces of Bingöl City and Their Use Aims”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 6, sy. 2 (Haziran 2016): 103-10.
EndNote Caf A, Irmak MA, Yılmaz H (01 Haziran 2016) Woody Plants Used in Green Spaces of Bingöl City and Their Use Aims. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 6 2 103–110.
IEEE A. Caf, M. A. Irmak, ve H. Yılmaz, “Woody Plants Used in Green Spaces of Bingöl City and Their Use Aims”, Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der., c. 6, sy. 2, ss. 103–110, 2016.
ISNAD Caf, Ahmet vd. “Woody Plants Used in Green Spaces of Bingöl City and Their Use Aims”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 6/2 (Haziran 2016), 103-110.
JAMA Caf A, Irmak MA, Yılmaz H. Woody Plants Used in Green Spaces of Bingöl City and Their Use Aims. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2016;6:103–110.
MLA Caf, Ahmet vd. “Woody Plants Used in Green Spaces of Bingöl City and Their Use Aims”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, c. 6, sy. 2, 2016, ss. 103-10.
Vancouver Caf A, Irmak MA, Yılmaz H. Woody Plants Used in Green Spaces of Bingöl City and Their Use Aims. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2016;6(2):103-10.