A Comparison of Old and Modern Type DNA Marker Technologies and Their Impact on Animal Breeding Programs

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 2, 175 - 180, 30.06.2016

Zühal Gündüz Onur Yılmaz İbrahim Cemal Osman Biçer

Öz

In recent years, molecular genetic technologies allowed to identify genetic structure in farm animals
have great advantages for animal breeding. Especially, in developed countries these methods began to be widely used
to assist animal breeding studies. It can be said that there are various molecular genetic markers. These markers can
be classifed by taking into consideration a number of factors such as the principle of the detection technique, type
of polymorphism. Although old type molecular genetic markers such as RFLP, AFLP, microsatellites are widely
used today, the information obtained from them is more limited than modern molecular genetic markers. SNP chip
technologies, which known as modern molecular markers and are one of the most important developments in the
molecular genetics feld, have provided genomic breeding value estimation and genomic selection in farm animals.
In this review, old and new types of molecular markers were compared and their usage in animal breeding were
discussed.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Animal breeding, molecular markers, SNPs

Eski ve Modern Tip DNA Marker Teknolojilerinin Karşılaştırılması ve Bunların Hayvan Islahı Programlarına Etkisi

Öz

Son yıllarda, moleküler genetik teknolojiler hayvan ıslahı anlamında çiftlik hayvanlarının genetik yapısının
tanımlanması için oldukça önemli avantajlar sağlamıştır. Özellikle gelişmiş ülkelerde bu yöntemler hayvan
ıslahı çalışmalarında yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Çok fazla sayıda moleküler genetic işaretleyiciden
bahsetmek mümkündür. Bu işaretleyiciler polimorfzm türü ve tarama tekniği gibi bir çok faktör dikkate alınarak
sınıflandırılabilir. Eski tip moleküler genetik işaretleyiciler günümüzde yaygın olarak kullanılmasına rağmen
bunlardan elde edilen moleküler bilgiler modern olanlara göre oldukça kısıtlıdır. Moleküler genetik alanda en
önemli gelişmelerden olan ve modern genetik işaretleyici olarak bilinen SNP çip teknolojisi çiftlik hayvanlarında
genomik damızlık değer tahminlerinin yapılmasına ve genomik seleksiyona olanak sağlamaktadır. Bu derlemede
eski ve yeni tip moleküler işaretleyiciler karşılaştırılmış ve hayvan ıslahında kullanımları tartışılmıştır.  

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hayvan ıslahı, moleküler işaretleyiciler, SNPs

Kaynakça

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