Determination of Changes Occurring Annual Nutritional Contents of Gum Tragacanth (Astragalus gummifer L.)

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 4, 121 - 125, 31.12.2016

Uygar Demir Bilal Keskin

Öz

This research was conducted to determine the changes of annual nutritional content gum tragacanth
(Astragallus gummifer L.) grown in Igdir ecological conditions. In this research, Stem + leaf samples were collected
during 7 (seven) month between April and October that plant isn’t dormant in 2015 year. Changes as months of
CP (Crude protein), NDF (Neutral Detergent Fiber), ADF (Acid Detergent Fiber) ADL (Acid Detergent Lignin),
DMD (Dry matter digestibility), DE (Digestible energy), ME (Metabolizable energy), DMI (Dry matter intake),
RFV (Relative feed value) and DM (Dry matter ratio) contents of gum tragacanth were determined. According
to this results, the highest CP, DMD, DE, ME, DMI and RFV rates in April (16.04%, 58.63%, 2.77 Mcal g-1, 2.28
Mcal g-1, 2.29%, 104.19, respectively), and also the lowest rates in October (3.82%, 43.83%, 2.14 Mcal g-1, 1.76
Mcal g-1, 1.66%, 55.04 respectively) was determined. However, the highest NDF, ADF and ADL rates in October,
(74.47%, 57.84% and 9.96%, respectively) the lowest value in April (52.45%, , 38.85%, 6.02%, respectively) were
determined.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nutritional content, shrub, Astragallus gummifer

Sakız Geveni (Astragallus gummifer L.)’nin Yıllık Besin İçeriğinde Meydana Gelen Değişimlerin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Bu araştırma, Iğdır ekolojik koşullarında yetişen Sakız Geveni (Astragallus gummifer L.) çalısının yıllık
besin içeriği değişimini belirlemek için yürütülmüştür. Bu amaçla bitkinin dormant olmadığı Nisan ile Ekim
ayları arasında olmak üzere 7 (yedi) ay süresince sap + yaprak örnekleri alınmış ve yem örneklerinin HP (ham
protein), NDF (neutral detergent fbre), ADF (acid detergent fbre), ADL (acid detergent lignin), KMS (kuru madde
sindirilebilirliği), SE (sindirilebilir enerji), ME (metabolik enerji), KMT (kuru madde sindirilebilirliği), NYD
(nispi yem değeri) ve KOO (kuru ot oranı) içerikleri aylar göre değişimleri saptanmıştır. Yapılan çalışmada bitkide
gelişme döneminin ilerlemesiyle birlikte HP, KMS, SE, ME, KMT, NYD oranları azalmış, NDF, ADF ve ADL
miktarları ise artmıştır. Bu sonuçlara göre HP, KMS, SE, ME, KMT, NYD oranları en yüksek gelişme döneminin
başlangıcı olan Nisan ayında (sırasıyla % 16.04, % 58.63, 2.77 Mcal g-1, 2.28 Mcal g-1, % 2.29, 104.19), en düşük
ise Ekim ayında (sırasıyla % 3.82, % 43.83, 2.14 Mcal g-1, 1.76 Mcal g-1, % 1.66, 55.04) belirlenmiştir. NDF, ADF
ve ADL oranları ise en yüksek gelişme döneminin sonu olan Ekim ayında (sırasıyla % 74.47, % 57.84 ve % 9.96),
en düşük değerlerde Nisan ayında (sırasıyla % 52.45, % 38.85, % 6.02) belirlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Besin içeriği, çalı, Astragallus gummifer

Kaynakça

• Aganga A.A, Tshwenyane S.O, 2003. Feeding Values and Anti Nutritive Factors of Forage Treelegumes. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition. 2(3):170-177
• Ahmad, K., Ashraf M, Khan Z, Valeem E.E, 2008. Evaluation of Macro-Mineral Concentrations of Forages in Relationtoruminant’s Requirements: A Casestudy in Soonevalley, Punjab, Pakistan Pak. J. Bot., 40: 295-299.
• Alatürk F, Alpars T, Gökkuş A, Çoşkun E, Akbağ H, 2014. Bazı Çalı Türlerinin Besin Maddesi İçeriklerinin Mevsimsel Değişimi. ÇOMÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi. 2(1):133-141.
• Anonim, 2015. Iğdırın Coğraf Özellikleri Iğdırın İklimi ve Bitki Örtüsü, http://www.turksitesi.net/cografyasi-bitki-ortusu/ igdirin-cograf-ozellikleri.html (16.03.2016).Anonim, 2015a. Iğdır Meteoroloji İl Müdürlüğü Verileri.
• AOAC, 1990. Association of Offcial Analytical Chemists, 15th edn. Washington, D.C., 66-88 pp.
• Ataşoğlu C, Şahin S, Canbolat Ö, Baytekin H, 2010. The effect of harvest stage on the potential nutritive value of kermes oak (Quercus coccifera) leaves. Livestock Research for Rural Development 22 (2), Article 36.
• Buxton DR, (1996). Quality-related characteristics of forages as influenced by plant environment and agronomic factors. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 59: 37-49.
• Claessens A, Michaund R, Belanger G, Mather DE, 2005. Leaf and stem characteristics of timothy plants divergently selected for the ratio of lignin to cellulose. Crop Sci., 45: 2425-2429.
• Dökülgen H, Temel S, 2015. Yaprağını Döken Karaçalı (Palirus spina-christi Mill.) Türünde Yaprak ve Yaprak + Sürgünlerinin Mevsimsel Besin İçeriği Değişimi Iğdır Üni. Fen Bilimleri Enst. Der. 5(3): 57-65.
• Fonnesbeck PV, Clark DH, Garret WN, Speth CF, 1984. Predicting energy utilization from alfalfa hay from the Western Region. Proc. Am. Anim. Sci. (Western Section) 35: 305-308.
• Frost, RA, Wilson LM, Launchbaugh KL, Hovde EM, 2008. Seasonal change in forage value of rangeland weeds in Northern Idaho. Invasive Plant Science and Management, 1(4): 343-351.
• Ghazanfar S, Latif A, Mirza IH, Nadeem MA, 2011. MacroMinerals Concentrations of Major Fodder Tree Leaves and Shrubs of District Chakwal, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 10 (5): 480-484.
• Gonzalez-Andres F, Ceresuela JL, 1998. Chemical composition of some Iberian Mediterranean leguminous shrubs potentially useful for forage in seasonally dry areas. New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research, 41:139-147.
• Haddi ML, Filacorda S, Meniai K, Rollin F, Susmel P, 2003. In vitro fermentation kinetics of some halophyte shrubs sampled at three stages of maturity. Anim. Feed Sci. Technol., 104: 215-225.
• Karnalak A, Canbolat O, Atalay Aİ, Kaplan M, 2010. Determination of Potential Nutritive Value of Young, Old and Senescent Leaves of Arbutus undruchne Tree J. Appl. Anim. Res. 37 : 257-260
• Kaplan M., Kamalak A., Özkan Ç.Ö., Atalay A.İ., 2014 Vejetasyon Döneminin Yabani Korunga Otunun Potansiyel Besleme Değerine, Metan Üretimine ve Kondense Tanen İçeriğine Etkisi Harran Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 3(1) 1-5
• Karabulut A, Canbolat O, Özkan CO, Kamalak A, 2006. Potential nutritive value of some Mediterranean shrub and tree leaves as emergency food for sheep in winter. Livestock Research for Rural Development. 18(6).
• Khalil JK, Sawaya WN, Hyder SZ, 1986. Nutrient composition of Atriplex leaves grown in Saudi Arabia. J. Range Manage. 39: 104-107.
• NRC, (2007). Nutrient Requirements of Small Ruminants: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids. National Research Council of the National Academies, Washington DC, p. 362.
• Oddy VH, Robards GE, Low SG, 1983. Prediction of in vivo dry matter digestibility from the fber nitrogen content of a feed. In: Robards, G.E., Packham, R.G. (Eds.), Feed Information and Animal Production. Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux, Farnham Royal, UK, pp. 395-398.
• Oktay G, Temel S, (2015). Ebu Cehil (Calligonum polygonoides L. ssp. comosum (L’Her.) Çalısının Yıllık Yem Değerinin Belirlenmesi. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 32(1), 30-36
• Parissi ZM, Papachristou TG, Nastis AS, 2005. Effect of drying method on estimated nutritive value of browse species using an in vitro gas production technique. Animal Feed Science and Technology, 123-124(1): 119-128.
• Parlak AO, Gokkus A, Hakyemez BH, Baytekin H, 2011. Forage Yield and Quality of Kermes Oak and Herbaceous Species Throughout a Year in Mediterraneanzone of Western Turkey. Journal of Food, Agriculture & Environment, 9(1):510-515
• Papachristou TG, Papanastasis VP, (1994). Forage value of Mediterranean deciduous woody fodder species and its implication to management of silvo-pastoral systems for goats. Agroforestry Systems, 27: 269-282.
• Papachristou TG, Platis PD, Nastis AS, 2005. Foraging behaviour of cattle and goats in oak forest stands of varying coppicing age in Northern Greece. Small Ruminant Research, 59: 181- 189.
• Sheaffer CC, Peterson MA, Mccalin M, Volene JJ, Cherney JH, Johnson KD, Woodward WT, Viands DR, 1995. Acide Detergent Fiber, Neutral Detergent Fiber Concentration and Relative Feed Value. North American Alfalfa İmprovemnt Conference, Minneapolis.
• Tan M, Temel S, 2012. Alternatif Yem Bitkileri. Atatürk Üniv. Ziraat Fak. Ders Yayınları No: 246,195-207, Erzurum.
• Temel S, 2015. Vejetatif ve Tohum Olgunlaştırma Döneminde Salsola tragus L. ve Noaea mucronata (Forssk.) Asch.& Schweinf.’nin Yem Kalite Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi. Uluslararası Tarım ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi (UTYHBD), 2015, 1(1): 23 - 30
• Temel S, Kır A, 2015. Bazı Çalı ve Ağaç Türlerinin Mevsimsel Dönem ve Hayvan Gruplarına Göre Otlanmada Tercih Durumlarının Belirlenmesi. Uluslararası Tarım ve Yaban Hayatı Bilimleri Dergisi (UTYHBD), 2015, 1(1): 31 – 39.
• Temel S, Sürmen M, Tan M, 2015. Effects of Growth Stages on the Nutritive Value of Specifc Halophyte Species in Saline Grasslands. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences , 25(5), 1419-1428
• Temel S, Tan M, 2011. Fodder Values of Shrub Species in Maquis in Different Altitude sand Slope Aspects. The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences (The JAPS). 21(3), 508-512.
• Tolunay A, Adiyaman E, Akyol A, Ince D, 2009. Herbage growth and fodder yield characteristics of kermes oak (Quecus coccifera L.) in a vegetation period. Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances, 8(2): 290-294.
• Tsiouvaras CN, Nastis A, 1990. Browse production and nutritive value of some fodder shrubs and trees in a semi-arid environment in Greece. In: Proc. FAO Subnetwork on Mediterranean Pastures. 6th Meeting, Bari Italy, 169-172 pp.
• Van Soest PJ, Robertson JD, Lewis BA, 1991. Methods for diatery fbre, neutral detergent fbre and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animals nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583-3597.