In vitro Micrografting of Woody Plant Species-I (Rootstock, Scion, Grafting Technique)

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 3, 31 - 37, 30.09.2017

Hakan Yıldırım , Nazan Çalar Ahmet Onay Hüseyin Karlıdağ Tuncay Kan

Öz

In vitro micrografting is a propagation technique, involving the grafting of relatively miniature cuttings under axenic culture conditions and it is one of the recent developed propagation techniques  compared to other conventional vegetative propagation techniques. This method overcomes some of the limitations of shoot tip culture and grafting, while it also keeps together the advantages of both methods. Micrografting was applied for the eradication viruses and pathogens from some fruit species and cultivars during the frst application period, but later, the technique was further developed on various woody plant species in different research areas of plant physiology and development. These includes physiological rejuvenation and incompatibility grafting as a prerequisite for the clonally propagation of mature genotypes of many woody species. Consequently, in vitro micrografting is used in large scale propagation and an original technique which needs experience by overcoming the disadvantages of other propagation technique. It also enables to examine in detail the genetic similarities and differences between the tissues and cells. The aims of this study were (1) to review how micrografting studies passed a process from 1970s until today, frst started to obtain virus-free plants from citrus; (2) to reveal what kind of work has been presented particularly on the plant breeding and propagation of the woody plant species, including the type of fruit breeding and reproduction and (3) and to present those studies in a specifc order 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Grafting, in-vitro, scion

Odunsu Bitki Türlerinde İn-vitro Aşılama-I (Anaç, Kalem, Aşı Tekniği)

Öz

İn-vitro aşılama, aksenik kültür koşullarında minyatür aşı kalemlerinin aşılanmasını kapsayan ve diğer tekniklere nazaran en son vejetatif çoğaltım tekniklerinden biridir. Bu yöntem, sürgün ucu kültürü ve aşılamanın bazı sınırlayıcı özelliklerinin üstesinden gelmekle birlikte, her iki metodun avantajlarını da bir arada bulundurmaktadır. İlk uygulandığı zamanlarda bazı meyve tür ve çeşitlerindeki virüs ve benzeri endojen patojenlerin eradikasyonu için geliştirilen in-vitro aşılama, bitki gelişim ve fzyolojisinin farklı alanlarında çeşitli odunsu bitki türlerinde hızla gelişmiştir. Bunlar birçok odunsu türlerin olgun genotiplerinin klonal çoğaltımında bir ön koşul olarak fzyolojik rejuvenasyonu ve aşıda uyuşmazlığı da kapsamaktadır. Sonuç olarak in-vitro aşılama, yoğun olarak kullanılan ve diğer vejatatif çoğaltım metodlarında bulunan olumsuzlukların üstesinden gelebilmek için daha çok düşünülmeyi ve kullanılmayı hak eden orijinal ve tecrübe gerektiren bir tekniktir. Doku ve hücreler arasındaki genetik benzerlik ve farklılıkların ayrıntılı incelenmesine imkan sağlamaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, 1970’li yıllarda  turunçgillerde virüsten ari bitki üretimi amacıyla başlayan in-vitro aşılama çalışmalarının günümüze kadar nasıl bir süreçten geçtiği ve özellikle meyve türlerinin de dahil olduğu odunsu bitki türlerinde bitki ıslahı ve çoğaltımı amacıyla ne tür çalışmaların yapıldığının ortaya çıkarılması ve belli bir düzende sunulmasıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aşılama, in-vitro, kalem

Kaynakça

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