The Importance of the Conservation Agriculture for Turkey

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 73 - 80, 30.06.2018

Sefa Altıkat , Emrah Kuş Hasan Kaan Küçükerdem Alper Gülbe

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.427894

Cited By: 3

Öz

Conservation agriculture (CA) is concerned with profitableness and sustainability by optimizing agricultural

procedures while conserving input and minimizing any impact on natural resources. Technologies that benefit the

environment can often have negative effect on crop productivity and offer short-term profitability. CA is one of few

practices that can enhance yield, economic returns, and food security while conserving the natural resources. The

principles of the CA are zero-tillage, permanent soil cover and programing crop rotation or diversification in annual

crops. However, CA practices have direct influence on climate regulation through carbon sequestration and less

greenhouse gas emissions, and on regulation and provision of water through soil physical, chemical and biological

properties. For the last couple of decades the degradation caused by agricultural activities increased linearly as a

result of unsustainable intensification of agricultural production in Turkey. For this reason, it is necessary to apply

the techniques which will protect both land and optimum production in the whole country. The aim of this research

is emphasize the importance of the conservation farming in Turkey. In addition, measures and national strategies

for the spread of CA throughout the country have been discussed in detail.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Conservation farming, conventional farming, no-tillage, soil tillage, Turkey

Türkiye için Koruyucu Tarımın Önemi

Öz

Koruyucu tarım, girdileri koruyarak doğal kaynaklar üzerindeki etkiyi en aza indirip, tarımsal

işlemleri kolaylaştırdığından dolayı faydalı ve sürdürülebilir bir üretim tekniğidir. Koruyucu tarım tekniği; verimi,

ekonomik geri dönüşleri ve gıda güvenliğini artırabilmek için günümüzde kullanılan uygulamalardan biridir.

Koruyucu tarımın ilkeleri; sıfır toprak işleme, kalıcı toprak örtüsü ve bitki münavebesidir. Bunlara ilaveten, koruyucu

tarım uygulamaları, toprakta karbon birikimi ve daha az gaz yayılımı aracılığıyla iklim düzenlemesi üzerinde etkili

olmaktadır. Ayrıca; suyun etkili bir şekilde kullanımını sağladığından dolayı bu yöntem; toprağın fiziksel, kimyasal

ve biyolojik kalite kriterlerinin de gelişmesine yardımcı olur. Son yıllarda Türkiye’de yoğun tarımsal üretim

sonucu ülke topraklarının yapısında ciddi derecede bozulmalar başlamıştır. Bu nedenle ülke genelinde hem toprağı

koruyacak hem de optimum üretim yapılabilecek üretim tekniklerinin uygulamaya konulması gerekmektedir. Bu

araştırmanın amacı; Türkiye’deki koruyucu tarımın önemini vurgulamaktadır. Buna ilaveten koruyucu tarımın ülke

çapında yaygınlaşması için gerekli olan önlemler ve ülke stratejileri de detaylı bir şekilde tartışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Geleneksel tarım, koruyucu tarım, toprak işlemesiz tarım, toprak işleme, Türkiye

Kaynakça

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