Çileklerde Meyve Kalite Özellikleri Arasındaki İlişkiler

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 1, 9 - 14, 31.03.2012

Kazım Gündüz Emine Özdemir

Öz

Bu çalışma 2007-2009 yılları arasında Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi (MKÜ), Ziraat Fakültesi, Bahçe Bitkileri Bölümünde, cam sera, plastik sera ve açık arazi olmak üzere 3 farklı yetiştiricilik sisteminde tüplü fide yöntemiyle birinci yıl 18, ikinci yıl 13 çilek genotipi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Araştırmada meyve kalite özellikleri; meyve iriliği, suda çözünebilir kuru madde, asitlik, meyve dış renk parlaklığı (L) ve renk doygunluğu (C), sitrik asit, toplam şeker içerikleri, toplam antosiyanin (TA), toplam fenol (TP) ve antioksidan kapasiteleri (FRAP) ve (TEAC) belirlenerek, bu kalite özellikleri arasındaki ilişkiler değerlendirilmiştir. Meyve iriliği ile kalite özellikleri arasında negatif yönde biri ilişki olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yüksek performans sıvı kromotografisi (HPLC) kullanılarak yapılan sitrik asit ve toplam şeker içerikleri de bu durumu doğrulamıştır. Suda çözünür kuru madde oranı ile asitlik ve şekerler arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Meyve dış renk parlaklığı (L) ile antosiyanin içeriği arasında ise negatif yönde orta düzeyde bir ilişki belirlenmiştir. Toplam fenol içeriği ile antosiyanin içeriği ve antioksidan kapasiteleri arasında ise pozitif yönde bir ilişki saptanmıştır. FRAP ve TEAC yöntemleri arasında iki yılda da pozitif yönde korelasyon olduğu belirlenmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çilek, meyve kalitesi, kimyasal özellik, korelasyon

The Relationship Between Quality Characteristics of Fruit Strawberries

Öz

This study was conducted during 2007-2009 at MKU, Agriculture Faculty, Horticulture Department

on glasshouse, plastic greenhouse and open field using 18 and 13 cultivars at the first and the second year. In this

study fruit quality characteristic fruit weight, soluble solid content (SSC), acidity, fruit external color brightness (L)

and chroma (C), citric acid and total sugar, total antociyanin (TA), total phenol (TP) and antioxidant capacity (Ferric

Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) and Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity (TEAC)] were investigated.

These relationships between the properties of this quality are discussed. With the fruit of the quality characteristics

of fruit weight was observed that the relationship is one in a negative direction. High-performance liquid chromatography

(HPLC) using citric acid and total sugar content of the confirmation of this. Soluable solids and acidity

(titratable acid and citric acid) and sugars were found to be a positive relationship between. With the anthocyanin

content of fruit external color of L is a moderate negative correlation was determined. Total phenol content and antioxidant

capacity of anthocyanin content and a relationship was found between the positive direction. FRAP and

TEAC methods were positive correlation both first and second years.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Strawberry, fruit quality, chemical properties, correlation

Kaynakça

• Alovoine, F., Crochon, M., 1989. Taste quality of strawberry. Acta Horticulturae, 265: 449-452.
• Azodanlou, R., Darbellay, C., Luisier, J.I., Villettaz, J-C., Amado, R., 2003. Quality assessment of strawberries (Fragaria sp.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51: 715-721.
• Azodanlou, R., Darbellay, C., Luisier, J.L., Villettaz, J.C., Amodo, R., 2004. Changes in flavour and texture during the ripening of strawberries. European Food Research and Technology, 218:167-172.
• Beattie, J., Crozier, A., Duthie, G.G., 2005. Potential health benefits of berries. Current Nutrition Food Science, 1: 71-86.
• Capocasa, F., Scalzo, J., Mezzetti, B., Battino, M., 2008. Combining quality and antioxidant attributes in strawberry: The role genotype. Food Chemistry, 111: 872-878.
• Connar, A.M., Luby, J.J., Tong, C.B.S., Finn, C.E., Hancock, J.F., 2002. Variation and heritability estimates for antioxidant activity. total phenolic content and anthocyanin content in blueberry progenies. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science, 1: 82-88.
• Correia, P., Pestana, M., Martinez, F., Ribeiro, E., Gama, F., Saavedra, T., Palencia, P., 2011. Relationships between strawberry fruit quality attributes and crop load. Scientia Horticulturae, 130(2): 398-403.
• Ferreyra, R.M., Vina, S.Z., Mugridge, A., Chaves, A.R., 2007. Growth and ripening season effects on antioxidant capacity of strawberry cultivar Selva. Scientia Horticulturae, 112: 27–32.
• Gündüz, K., 2010. Farklı yetiştirme yerlerinin bazı çilek genotiplerinin verim, meyve kalite özellikleri ve antioksidan kapasitesi üzerine etkisi. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, (Doktora Tezi), 2010 Antakya.
• Haffner, K., Vestreheim, S., 1997. Fruit quality of strawberry cultivars. Acta Horticulturae, 439(1): 325-332.
• Hancock, J.F., 1999. Strawberries. Cab International, Wallingfer, UK.
• Koşar, M., Kafkas, E., Paydaş, S., Başer, K.H.C., 2004 Phenolic composition of strawberry genotypes at different maturation stages. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 52: 1586-1589.
• Lopes da Silva, F., Escribano-Bailon, M.T., Alonso, J.J.P., RivasGonzalo, J.C., Santos-Buelga, C., 2007. Anthoccyanin pigments in strawberry. Science Direct, LWT 40: 374-382.
• Özgen, M., 2006. Ahududunun antikanser özelliği. Hasad-Gıda, 21:14-15.
• Özgen, M., Serçe, S., Gündüz., K., Yen, F., Kafkas, E., Paydaş, S. 2007. Determining total phenolics and antioxidant activity of selected Fragaria genotypes. Asian Journal of Chemistry, 19(7): 5573-5581.
• Prior, R.L., Cao, G., Martin, A., Sofic, E., McEwen, J., Brien, C.O., Lischner, N., Ehlenfeldt, M., Kalt, W., Krewer, G., Mainland, C.M., 1998. Antioxidant capacity as influenced by total phenolic and anthocyanin content, maturity and variety of vaccinium species. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46:2686-2693.
• Ruiz Nieto, A., Lopez Aranda, J.M., Lopez Medina, R., Medina, J.J., 1997. Analysis of sugar from strawberry cultivars of commercial interest contents evolution. Acta Horticulturae, 439(2): 663-668.
• Sandra, M.H., 2004. Potential impact of strawberries on human health. a rewiev of the science. Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 44: 1-17.
• SAS, 2006. SAS User’s Guide: Statistics. 4th ed. SAS Institute,Cary, NC.
• Scalzo, J., Battino, M., Mezzetti, B., 2005a. Breeding and biyotechnology for improving berry nutritional quality. Biofactors, 23:1-8.
• Scalzo, J., Politi, A., Pellegrini, N., Mezzetti, B., Battino, M., 2005b. Plant genotype affects total antioxidant capacity and phenolic contents in fruit. Nutrition, 21(2): 207-13.
• Shaw, D.V., 1990. Response to selection and associated changes in genetic variance for soluble solids and titratable acids contents in strawberries. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science,115: 839-843.
• Sone, K., Mochizuki, T., Noguchi, Y., 1999. Variations in ascorbic acid content among strawberry cultivars and their harvest times. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science, 68(5): 1007-1014.
• Tsao, R., Yang, R., Sockovie, E., Zhou, T., 2003. Antioxidant phytochemicals in cultivated and wild canadian strawberries. Acta Horticulturae, 626: 25-35.
• Tulipani, S., Mezzetti, B., Capocaso, F., Bompadre, S., Beekwilder, J., Vos, C., Çapanoğlu, E., Bovy, A., Battino, M., 2008. Antioxidants, phenolic compounds, and nutritional quality of different strawberry genotypes. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 56: 696-704.
• Veazie, P.P., 1995. Growth and ripening of strawberry fruit. (Ed: J.Janick). John. Whiley and Sons. Inc. Horticultural Review, 17: 267-298.
• Wang, S.Y., Lin, H.S., 2000. Antioxidant activity in fruit and leaves of blackberry, raspberry, and strawberry varies with cultivar and developmental stage. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 48: 140-146.