Yetiştirici Elinde Bulunan Zom Koyunlarının Bazı Laktasyon Özellikleri ve Laktasyon Süt Verimini Etkileyen Faktörler

Yıl 2012, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 4, 87 - 93, 31.12.2012

Seyrani Koncagül Ahmet Karataş Nalan Akça Mehmet Emin Vural Mehmet Bingöl

Öz

Bu araştırma, Zom koyunlarının laktasyon süt verimini, laktasyon süt verimine etki eden faktörleri ve bazı

laktasyon özellikleri arasındaki ilişkileri araştıran ve tanımlayan ilk bilimsel çalışmadır. Araştırma, Diyarbakır,

Şanlıurfa ve Mardin şehirlerinin çevrelediği Karacadağ bölgesinde bulunan Çınar ilçesinde yürütülmüştür. Üç

farklı sürüde bulunan ve 2010 ve 2011 üretim yıllarında toplam 303 baş koyuna ait 309 tamamlanmış laktasyon

kaydı analizlerde kullanılmıştır. Ortalama (±SH) laktasyon süresi (LS), laktasyon süt verimi (LSV) ve günlük

ortalama süt verimi (GOSV) sırasıyla 171±1.8 gün, 130±2.2 kg and 770±22.7 g olarak tespit edilmiştir. Etkileri

incelenen faktörlerden yıl, sürü ve kuzulama mevsimi LU üzerinde (P<0.05), sürü, kuzulama sezonu ve laktasyon

sırası ise LSV ve GOSV üzerinde önemli etkiye sahip olmuştur (P<0.05).

Araştırma sonucuna göre, koyunların taze meradan daha iyi yararlanarak daha yüksek LSV’ye sahip olmaları için,

koç katım zamanının kuzulamanın bahar mevsimine yakın aylarda gerçekleşebilecek şekilde ayarlanması gerekmektedir.

Kuzulamadan sonraki ilk üç ayda üretilen süt miktarının, toplam laktasyon süt veriminin tahmininde ve

dolayısıyla laktasyon süt veriminin erken seleksiyonunda kullanılabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Zom koyunu, Laktasyon süt verimi, Çevre faktörleri, Erken seleksiyon

Factors Affecting Lactation Milk Yield and Some Lactation Characteristics of Zom Sheep in Farmer Conditions

Öz

This is the first scientific study for investigating and describing relationships among some lactation

characteristics and environmental factors influencing lactation milk yield of Zom sheep in Turkey. The research

was carried out in Çınar County in the distric of Karacadağ surrounded by Diyarbakır, Şanlıurfa and Mardin provinces.

A total of 309 completed lactations belonging to 303 Zom ewes in three flocks for the years 2010 and 2011

were included in the analyses. Overall means (±SE) of lactation milk yield (LMY), lactation length (LL) and average

daily milk yield (ADMY) were 171±1.8 days, 130±2.2 kg and 770±22.7 g, respectively. LL was significantly

affected by year, flock and lambing season (P<0.05) while LMY and ADMY were significantly affected by flock,

lambing season and parity (P<0.05).

It was concluded that the matings should be arranged so that the lambings occur in month(s) closer to spring season

in order to increase LMY by means of having ewes taken benefits of fresh pasture. Milk yield records in the first

three months of lactation can be used to predict LMY and be used as an early selection criteria for increasing LMY.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Zom sheep, Lactation milk yield, Environmental factors, Early selection

Kaynakça

• Altın, T., 2001. Variation of milk yield in sheep during lactation period and estimation of lactation milk yield by means of different methods. Yuzuncu Yıl University Journal of Agricultural Science, 11(2): 1-7 (in Turkish).
• Barillet, F., Astruc, J.M., de Brauwer, P., Casu, P.S., Fabbri, G., Feddersen, E., Frangos, K., Gabina, D., Gama, L.T., Ruiz, T.J.L., Sanna, S.R., 1992. Int. Committee for Animal Recording Guidelines: International regulations for milk recording in sheep. Ins. de Elevage, Paris, France, pp. 15+appendix.
• Dağ, B., Keskin, İ., Mikailsoy, F., 2005. Application of different models to the lactation curves of unimproved awassi ewes in Turkey. South African Journal of Animal Science, 35(4): 238-243.
• Ertuğrul, M., Soysal, İ., Akın, A.O., 2011. Farm animal genetic diversity and conservation in Türkiye. 8th Global Conf on the Conservation of Animal Genetic Resources, 4-8 October, Tekirdag, Turkey, pp. 23-28.
• Gootwine, E., Zenua, A., Bora, A., Yossafia, S., Rosova, A., Pollott, G.E., 2001. Genetic and economic analysis of ıntrogression the B allele of the FecB (Booroola) gene into the awassi and assaf dairy breeds. Livestock Production Science 71: 49-58.
• Kaymakçı, M., Taşkın, T., 2001. New Sheep Types Obtained by Crossbreeding in Western Anatolia and Trachea. Journal of Animal Production, 2(2): 45-52. (in Turkish)
• Kaymakçı, M., Eliçin, A., Işın, F., Taşkın, T., Karaca, O., Tuncel, E., Ertuğrul, M., Özder, M., Güney, O., Gürsoy, O., Torun, O., Altın, T., Emsen, H., Seymen, S., Geren, H., Odabaşı, A., Sönmez, R., 2005. Thecnical and economical approaches on Turkey’s small ruminant breeding. Thecnical congress of TMMOB Agricultural Engineering Association, 3-7 January, Ankara, pp.707-726. (in Turkish)
• Keskin, İ., Dağ, B., 2006. Comparison of different mathematical models for describing the complete lactation of akkaraman ewes in Turkey. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 19(11): 1551-1555.
• Kırmızıbayrak, T., Aksoy, A.R., Saatci, M., Tilki, M., 2005. Milk yield and udder characteristics in Tuj and Morkaraman ewes and the relationships between them. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 11(1): 11-15 (in Turkish).
• Koncagül, S., Daşkıran, İ., Bingöl, M., 2012a. Factors affecting lactation milk yield and lactation curve of Norduz sheep in farmer condition. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 18(4): 677-684 (in Turkish).
• Koncagül, S., Akça, N., Vural, M.E., Karataş, A., Bingöl, M., 2012b. Morphological Characteristics of Zom Sheep. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 18(5): 829-837 (in Turkish).
• Macciotta, N.P.P., Cappio-Borlino, A., Pulina, G., 1999. analysis of environmental effects on test day milk yields of sarda dairy ewes. Journal of Dairy Science, 82: 2212-2217.
• Peralta-Lailsona, M., Trejo-Gonzalezb, A.A., Pedraza-Villagomeza, P., Berruecos-Pollat, G.E., Gootwine, E., 2000. Appropriate mathematical models for describing the complete lactation of dairy sheep. Anim Science, 71: 197-207.
• Pollotta, G.E., Gootwine, E., 2001. A genetic analysis of complete lactation milk production in improved awassi sheep. Livestock Production Science, 71: 37-47.
• Reidal, K., Al-Azzawi, W., Al-Najjar, K., Masri, Y., Salhab, S., Abdo, Z., El-Herek, I., Omed, H., Saatci, M., 2010. Factors ınfluencing the milk production of awassi sheep in a flock with the selected lines at the Agricultural Scientific Research Centre in Salamieh/Syria. Journal of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, 16(3): 425-430.
• Ruiz, R., Oregui, L.M., Herrero, M., 2000. Comparison of models for describing the lactation curve of latxa sheep and an analysis of factors affecting milk yield. Journal of Dairy Science, 83: 2709-2719.
• Sanna, A.C., Casu, S., 2002. Genotype by environment interaction for milk yield in sarda dairy sheep. Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics, 119: 190-199.
• SAS, 2000. SAS/STAT. SAS Inst Inc, Cary, NC, USA. Serrano, M., Ugarte, E., Jurado, J., Perez-Guzman, M.D., Legarra, A., 2001. Test day models and genetic parameters in latax and manchega dairy ewes. Livestock Production Science, 67: 253-264.
• Sönmez, R., Kaymakçı, M., Eliçin, A., Tuncel, E., Wassmuth, R., Taşkın, T., 2009. Improvement studies in Turkey sheep husbandry. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Uludag University, 23(2): 43-65 (in Turkish).
• Ünal, N., Orman, M.N., Çolak, C., Atasoy, F., Mundan, D., Aytaç, M., 2007. Comparision of various models for lactation curves of Akkaraman and its crossbreds (Chios x Akkaraman F1 and Kıvırcık x Akkaraman F1 ) Ewes. Lalahan Hayvancılık Araştırma Enstitüsü Dergisi, 47(2): 7-13.