Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions

Gölgen Bahar Öztekı̇n; Yüksel Tüzel; Mehmet Ece

Araştırma Makalesi

Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 21 - 27, 31.03.2015

Gölgen Bahar Öztekı̇n Yüksel Tüzel Mehmet Ece

Öz

The experiment was conducted to determine the effect of Symbion-N bio-fertilizer which contains
nitrogen xing bacteria namely Azospirillum, Rhizobium, Azotobacter and Acetobacter on plant growth, yield
and fruit quality of tomato plants grown in greenhouse conditions. The study was done in soil under PE covered
greenhouse, belongs to Agrobest Group, in Gaziler Village (Kepez-Antalya) during the winter-summer season of
2014 and Naram F1 tomato cultivar was used as plant material. In the research conducted in heated greenhouse
at farmer’ conditions with Naram F1 tomato cultivar, three different doses of Symbion-N were used as treatments
namely recommended dose (D, 300 ml da-1), half of recommended dose (D/2, 150 ml da-1) and two fold of
recommended dose (Dx2, 300 ml da-1) and non-bio-fertilized treatment as control (0.0 ml da-1). Symbion-N was
applied twice at transplanting and 15 days after transplanting via drip irrigation system. All of the seedlings were
transplanted on January 1, 2014 as 2 plants per m2. The production was stopped on June 30, 2014 when plants
reached to 6th truss.. The experimental design was randomized parcels with 4 replicates and parameters related to
plant growth, yield and fruit quality were determined. The results showed that plant growth and yield increased by
the application of biofertilizer and the application of 300 ml per da (D) was found appropriate doze.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Azospirillum, azotobacter, acetobacter, rhizobium, PGPR

Kaynakça

Arcak S, Güder N, 2004. Biyolojik gübrelemenin sürdürülebilir ekosistemdeki önemi. Türkiye 3. Ulusal Gübre Kongresi, 11- 13 Ekim 2004, Tokat.
Atılgan A, Coşkan A, Saltuk B, Erkan M, 2007. Antalya yöresindeki seralarda kimyasal ve organik gübre kullanım düzeyleri ve olası çevre etkileri. Ekoloji, 62:37-47.
Aydın A, Yıldırım E, Karaman MR, Turan M, Demirtaş A, Şahin F, Güneş A, Esringü A, Dizman M, Tutar A, 2012. Humik asit, PGPR ve kimyasal gübre uygulamalarının brokoli (Brassica oleracea) bitkisinin bazı verim parametreleri üzerine etkisi. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Dergisi, 14(1): 309-316.
Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE, 2002. Protection of tomato seedlings aganist infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato by using the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilens. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 6: 2637- 2643.
Bayrak D, Ökmen G, 2014. Bitki gelişimini uyaran kök bakterileri. Anadolu Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1):1-13. Burdman S, Kigel J, Okan Y, 1997. Effects of Azospirillum brasilense on nodulation and growth of common bean. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 29:923-929.
Chabot R, Antoun H, Cescas MP, 1996. Growth promotion of maize and lettuce by phosphate-solubilizing Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli. Plant and Soil, 184:311-321.
Çakmakçı R, 2005. Bitki gelişimini teşvik eden Rizobakterilerin tarımda kullanımı. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 36 (1): 97-107.
Çakmakçı R, Erat M, Erdoğan Ü, Dönmez MF, 2007. The in uence of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on growth and enzyme activities in wheat and spinach plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 170: 288-295.
Çakmakçı R, Erdoğan Ü, Turan M, Öztaş T, Güllüce M, Şahin F, 2008. Bitki gelişimini teşvik edici bakteri ve gübre uygulamalarının buğday ve arpa gelişme ve verimi üzerine etkisi. 4. Ulusal Bitki Besleme ve Gübre Kongresi, 8-10 Ekim 2008, Konya.
De Freitas JR, 2000. Yield and N assimilation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L., var Norstar) inoculated with rhizobacteria, Pedobiologia, 44: 97-104.
Fresenius W, Quentin KE, Schneider W, 1998. Water Analysis. A Practical Quideto Physicochemical, Chemical and Microbiological Water Examination and Quality Assurance. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 195-476 p.
Gagne S, Dehbi L, Le Quere D, Cayer F, Morin JL, Lemay R, Fournier N, 1993. Increase of greenhouse tomato fruit yields by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) inoculated into the peat-based growing media. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 25(2):269-272.
Gale U, Tüzel Y, Öztekin GB, 2014. Antalya’nın Kepez ilçesinde konvansiyonel sera üretiminin özellikleri. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1:68-77.
Glick BR, 1995. The enhancement of plant growth by free-living bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 41: 109-117.
Gutierrez-Manero FJ, Ramos Solano B, Probanza A, Mehouachi J, Tadeo FR, Talon M, 2001. The plant growth- promoting rhizobacteria Bacillus pumilis and Bacillus licheniformis produce high amounts of physiologically active gibberellins. Physiologia Plantarum, 111(2): 206-211.
Gonzalez LJ, Rodelas B, Pozo C, Salmeron V, Martinez MV, Salmeron V, 2005. Liberation of amino acids by heterotrophic nitrogen xing bacteria. Amino Acids, 28: 363-367.
Gurnkel BS, Petricari A, 2000. Nitrogen xing rhizobacteria and their relationship with soilborne fungi. Vth International PGPR Workshop, 29 October- 3 November 2000, Cordoba- Argentina.
Gül A, Özaktan H, Kıdoğlu F, 2008. Seçilmiş kök bakterilerinin farklı substratlarda baş salata yetiştiriciliğine etkisi. Ege Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Proje Kesin Raporu, Proje No: 2007 ZRF 027. Bornova, İzmir.
Güllüce M, Agar G, Şahin F, Turan M, Güneş A, Demirtaş A, Esringü A, Karaman MR, Tutar A, Dizman M, 2012. Pb ve Cd ile kirletilmiş alanlarda yetiştirilen turp bitkisinin verim parametreleri üzerine Humik asit ve PGPR uygulamalarının etkilerinin belirlenmesi. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Dergisi, 14(1): 509-517.
Hubbell DH, Kidder G, 2003. Biological Nitrogen Fixation. http:// edis.ifas.u .edu/ BODY_SS180. (Erişim tarihi: 01 Ağustos 2011).
Kacar B, 1972. Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri: 1-2. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 468, Yardımcı Ders Kitabı: 161, Ankara,, 646 s.
Karaçalı İ, 1993. Bahçe Ürünlerinin Muhafaza ve Pazarlanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 494, Bornova- İzmir, 444 s.
Kloepper JW, Lifshitz R, Zablotowicz RM, 1989. Free-living bacterial inocula for enhancing crop productivity. Trends in Biotechnology, 7: 38-44.
Kloepper JW, Reddy MS, Rodriguez-Kabana R, Kenney DS, Kokalis-Burelle N, Martinez-Ochoa N, Vavrina CS, 2004. Application for rhizobacteria in transplant production and yield enhancement. Acta Horticulture, 631: 217-229.
Larcher MI, Bertrand HI, Rapior S, Domerque O, Mantelin S, Cleyet-Marel JC, 2000. Phyllobacterium strain with hormonal capacities enhances growth and nitrate uptake of oil seed rape (Brassica rapus). Vth International PGPR Workshop, 29 October- 3 November 2000, Cordoba-Argentina.
Loper JE, Schroth MN, 1986. In uence of bacterial sources of indole-3-acetic acid on root elongation of sugar beet. Phytopathology, 76: 386-389.
Lucy M, Reed E, Glick BR, 2004. Aplications of free living plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 86:1- 25.
Maurhofer M, Hase C, Meuwly P, Metraux JP, Defago G, 1994. Induction of systemic resistance of tobacco necrosis virus by the root-colonizing Pseudomonas ourescens strain CHAO: In uence of the gacA gene and pyoverdine production. Phytopathology, 84: 139-146.
McGuire GR, 1992. Reporting of objective color measurements. HortScience, 27(12): 1254-1255.
Okon Y, Fallik E, Sarig S, Yahalom E, Tal S, 1988. Plant growth promoting effects of Azospirillum. Nitrogen Fixation: Hundred Years After. Gustav Fisher, Stutttgart, West Germany, 741-746 p.
Pearson D, 1970. The Chemical Analysis of Foods. Seventh Edition, Edinburgh, London, 384 p.
Reddy MS, Ryu CM, Zhang S, Yan Z, Kenney DS, Rodriguez- Kabana R, Kloepper JW, 2000. Approaches for enhancing PGPR-Mediated ISR on various vegetable transplant plugs. Vth International PGPR Workshop, 29 October- 3 November 2000, Cordoba-Argentina.
Romerio RS, 2000. Preliminary results on PGPR research at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil. Vth International PGPR Workshop, 29 October- 3 November 2000, Cordoba- Argentina.
Salamone IEG, Nelson L, Brown G, 1997. Plant growth promotion by pseudomonas PGPR cytokinin producers. Plant Growth- Promoting Rhizobacteria - Present Status and Future Prospects. Nakanishi Printing, Sapporo, Japan, 316 p.
Schippers B, 1988. Biological control of pathogens with rhizobacteria. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 318:283-293.
Sevgican A, 2002. Örtüaltı Sebzeciliği. Cilt I ve II. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları. Bornova, İzmir, 476 s. Shridhar SB, 2012. Review: Nitrogen xing microorganisms. International Journal of Microbiological Research, 3(1): 46- 52.
Sudha SN, Jayakumar R, Sekar V, 1999. Introduction and expression of the cry1Ac gene of Bacillus thuringiensis in a cereal-associated bacterium Bacillus polymyxa, Current Microbiology, 38: 163-167.
Şahin F, Çakmakçı R, Kantar F, 2004. Sugar beet and barley yields in relation to inoculation with N2- xing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Plant Soil, 265: 123-129.
Tang WH, 1994. Yield-increasing bacteria (YIB) and biocontrol of sheath blight of rice. Improving Plant Productivity with Rhizosphere Bacteria. Commonwealth Scienti c and Industrial Research Organization, Adelaide, Australia, 273 p.
Tüzel Y, Öztekin GB, Karaman İ, 2010. Serik ilçesinde modern ve geleneksel sera işletmelerinde sebze üretiminin karşılaştırılması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 47(3): 223-230.
Wei G, Kloepper JW, Tuzun S, 1991. Induction of systemic resistance of cucumber to Colletotrichum orbiculare by select strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Phytopathology, 81: 1508–1512.

Azot Tutucu Bakteri Kullanımının Sera Domates Yetiştiriciliğinde Bitki Gelişimi, Verim ve Meyve Kalitesi Üzerine Etkileri

Yıl 2015, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 21 - 27, 31.03.2015

Gölgen Bahar Öztekı̇n Yüksel Tüzel Mehmet Ece

Öz

Bu çalışma Azospirillum, Rhizobium, Azotobacter ve Acetobacter gibi azot tutucu bakteri içeren Symbion-N
biyogübresinin sera domates yetiştiriciliğinde bitki gelişimi, verim ve meyve kalitesi üzerine etkisini belirlemek
amacıyla yürütülmüştür. Naram F1 domates çeşidi ile ısıtmalı serada üretici koşullarında (Gaziler Köyü-Kepez/
Antalya) 2014 yılı kış-yaz döneminde yürütülen çalışmada, deneme konularını Symbion-N’in üç dozu [önerilen
doz (D, 300 ml da-1); önerilen dozun yarısı (D/2, 150 ml da-1) ve önerilen dozun iki katı (Dx2, 600 ml da-1)] ile
biyogübre uygulanmayan (0 ml da-1) kontrol grubu oluşturmuştur. Denemede kullanılan gübre damlama sistemi ile
dikim zamanı ve dikimden 15 gün sonra olmak üzere iki defa uygulanmış ve m2’de 2 bitki olacak şekilde 01 Ocak
2014 tarihinde de dikimi yapılmıştır. Üretim 30 Haziran 2014 tarihinde, bitkiler 6 salkımlı iken sonlandırılmıştır.
Tesadüf parseli deneme deseni düzeninde 4 tekrarlı olarak yürütülen araştırmada bitki gelişimi, verim ve kalite
değerleri belirlenmiştir. Elde edilen sonuçlar; biyogübre uygulaması ile bitki gelişimi ve verimin artış gösterdiğini
ve dekara 300 ml’lik dozun (D) uygun olduğunu göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Azospirillum, rhizobium, azotobacter, acetobacter, PGPR

Kaynakça

Arcak S, Güder N, 2004. Biyolojik gübrelemenin sürdürülebilir ekosistemdeki önemi. Türkiye 3. Ulusal Gübre Kongresi, 11- 13 Ekim 2004, Tokat.
Atılgan A, Coşkan A, Saltuk B, Erkan M, 2007. Antalya yöresindeki seralarda kimyasal ve organik gübre kullanım düzeyleri ve olası çevre etkileri. Ekoloji, 62:37-47.
Aydın A, Yıldırım E, Karaman MR, Turan M, Demirtaş A, Şahin F, Güneş A, Esringü A, Dizman M, Tutar A, 2012. Humik asit, PGPR ve kimyasal gübre uygulamalarının brokoli (Brassica oleracea) bitkisinin bazı verim parametreleri üzerine etkisi. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Dergisi, 14(1): 309-316.
Bashan Y, de-Bashan LE, 2002. Protection of tomato seedlings aganist infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato by using the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilens. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 6: 2637- 2643.
Bayrak D, Ökmen G, 2014. Bitki gelişimini uyaran kök bakterileri. Anadolu Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(1):1-13. Burdman S, Kigel J, Okan Y, 1997. Effects of Azospirillum brasilense on nodulation and growth of common bean. Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 29:923-929.
Chabot R, Antoun H, Cescas MP, 1996. Growth promotion of maize and lettuce by phosphate-solubilizing Rhizobium leguminosarum biovar phaseoli. Plant and Soil, 184:311-321.
Çakmakçı R, 2005. Bitki gelişimini teşvik eden Rizobakterilerin tarımda kullanımı. Atatürk Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 36 (1): 97-107.
Çakmakçı R, Erat M, Erdoğan Ü, Dönmez MF, 2007. The in uence of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria on growth and enzyme activities in wheat and spinach plants. Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 170: 288-295.
Çakmakçı R, Erdoğan Ü, Turan M, Öztaş T, Güllüce M, Şahin F, 2008. Bitki gelişimini teşvik edici bakteri ve gübre uygulamalarının buğday ve arpa gelişme ve verimi üzerine etkisi. 4. Ulusal Bitki Besleme ve Gübre Kongresi, 8-10 Ekim 2008, Konya.
De Freitas JR, 2000. Yield and N assimilation of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L., var Norstar) inoculated with rhizobacteria, Pedobiologia, 44: 97-104.
Fresenius W, Quentin KE, Schneider W, 1998. Water Analysis. A Practical Quideto Physicochemical, Chemical and Microbiological Water Examination and Quality Assurance. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. 195-476 p.
Gagne S, Dehbi L, Le Quere D, Cayer F, Morin JL, Lemay R, Fournier N, 1993. Increase of greenhouse tomato fruit yields by plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) inoculated into the peat-based growing media. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 25(2):269-272.
Gale U, Tüzel Y, Öztekin GB, 2014. Antalya’nın Kepez ilçesinde konvansiyonel sera üretiminin özellikleri. Türkiye Tarımsal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 1:68-77.
Glick BR, 1995. The enhancement of plant growth by free-living bacteria. Canadian Journal of Microbiology, 41: 109-117.
Gutierrez-Manero FJ, Ramos Solano B, Probanza A, Mehouachi J, Tadeo FR, Talon M, 2001. The plant growth- promoting rhizobacteria Bacillus pumilis and Bacillus licheniformis produce high amounts of physiologically active gibberellins. Physiologia Plantarum, 111(2): 206-211.
Gonzalez LJ, Rodelas B, Pozo C, Salmeron V, Martinez MV, Salmeron V, 2005. Liberation of amino acids by heterotrophic nitrogen xing bacteria. Amino Acids, 28: 363-367.
Gurnkel BS, Petricari A, 2000. Nitrogen xing rhizobacteria and their relationship with soilborne fungi. Vth International PGPR Workshop, 29 October- 3 November 2000, Cordoba- Argentina.
Gül A, Özaktan H, Kıdoğlu F, 2008. Seçilmiş kök bakterilerinin farklı substratlarda baş salata yetiştiriciliğine etkisi. Ege Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Proje Kesin Raporu, Proje No: 2007 ZRF 027. Bornova, İzmir.
Güllüce M, Agar G, Şahin F, Turan M, Güneş A, Demirtaş A, Esringü A, Karaman MR, Tutar A, Dizman M, 2012. Pb ve Cd ile kirletilmiş alanlarda yetiştirilen turp bitkisinin verim parametreleri üzerine Humik asit ve PGPR uygulamalarının etkilerinin belirlenmesi. Sakarya Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Dergisi, 14(1): 509-517.
Hubbell DH, Kidder G, 2003. Biological Nitrogen Fixation. http:// edis.ifas.u .edu/ BODY_SS180. (Erişim tarihi: 01 Ağustos 2011).
Kacar B, 1972. Bitki ve Toprağın Kimyasal Analizleri: 1-2. Ankara Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları: 468, Yardımcı Ders Kitabı: 161, Ankara,, 646 s.
Karaçalı İ, 1993. Bahçe Ürünlerinin Muhafaza ve Pazarlanması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 494, Bornova- İzmir, 444 s.
Kloepper JW, Lifshitz R, Zablotowicz RM, 1989. Free-living bacterial inocula for enhancing crop productivity. Trends in Biotechnology, 7: 38-44.
Kloepper JW, Reddy MS, Rodriguez-Kabana R, Kenney DS, Kokalis-Burelle N, Martinez-Ochoa N, Vavrina CS, 2004. Application for rhizobacteria in transplant production and yield enhancement. Acta Horticulture, 631: 217-229.
Larcher MI, Bertrand HI, Rapior S, Domerque O, Mantelin S, Cleyet-Marel JC, 2000. Phyllobacterium strain with hormonal capacities enhances growth and nitrate uptake of oil seed rape (Brassica rapus). Vth International PGPR Workshop, 29 October- 3 November 2000, Cordoba-Argentina.
Loper JE, Schroth MN, 1986. In uence of bacterial sources of indole-3-acetic acid on root elongation of sugar beet. Phytopathology, 76: 386-389.
Lucy M, Reed E, Glick BR, 2004. Aplications of free living plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, 86:1- 25.
Maurhofer M, Hase C, Meuwly P, Metraux JP, Defago G, 1994. Induction of systemic resistance of tobacco necrosis virus by the root-colonizing Pseudomonas ourescens strain CHAO: In uence of the gacA gene and pyoverdine production. Phytopathology, 84: 139-146.
McGuire GR, 1992. Reporting of objective color measurements. HortScience, 27(12): 1254-1255.
Okon Y, Fallik E, Sarig S, Yahalom E, Tal S, 1988. Plant growth promoting effects of Azospirillum. Nitrogen Fixation: Hundred Years After. Gustav Fisher, Stutttgart, West Germany, 741-746 p.
Pearson D, 1970. The Chemical Analysis of Foods. Seventh Edition, Edinburgh, London, 384 p.
Reddy MS, Ryu CM, Zhang S, Yan Z, Kenney DS, Rodriguez- Kabana R, Kloepper JW, 2000. Approaches for enhancing PGPR-Mediated ISR on various vegetable transplant plugs. Vth International PGPR Workshop, 29 October- 3 November 2000, Cordoba-Argentina.
Romerio RS, 2000. Preliminary results on PGPR research at the Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Brazil. Vth International PGPR Workshop, 29 October- 3 November 2000, Cordoba- Argentina.
Salamone IEG, Nelson L, Brown G, 1997. Plant growth promotion by pseudomonas PGPR cytokinin producers. Plant Growth- Promoting Rhizobacteria - Present Status and Future Prospects. Nakanishi Printing, Sapporo, Japan, 316 p.
Schippers B, 1988. Biological control of pathogens with rhizobacteria. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences, 318:283-293.
Sevgican A, 2002. Örtüaltı Sebzeciliği. Cilt I ve II. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları. Bornova, İzmir, 476 s. Shridhar SB, 2012. Review: Nitrogen xing microorganisms. International Journal of Microbiological Research, 3(1): 46- 52.
Sudha SN, Jayakumar R, Sekar V, 1999. Introduction and expression of the cry1Ac gene of Bacillus thuringiensis in a cereal-associated bacterium Bacillus polymyxa, Current Microbiology, 38: 163-167.
Şahin F, Çakmakçı R, Kantar F, 2004. Sugar beet and barley yields in relation to inoculation with N2- xing and phosphate solubilizing bacteria. Plant Soil, 265: 123-129.
Tang WH, 1994. Yield-increasing bacteria (YIB) and biocontrol of sheath blight of rice. Improving Plant Productivity with Rhizosphere Bacteria. Commonwealth Scienti c and Industrial Research Organization, Adelaide, Australia, 273 p.
Tüzel Y, Öztekin GB, Karaman İ, 2010. Serik ilçesinde modern ve geleneksel sera işletmelerinde sebze üretiminin karşılaştırılması. Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, 47(3): 223-230.
Wei G, Kloepper JW, Tuzun S, 1991. Induction of systemic resistance of cucumber to Colletotrichum orbiculare by select strains of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria. Phytopathology, 81: 1508–1512.

Toplam 41 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm	Bahçe Bitkileri / Horticulture
Yazarlar	Gölgen Bahar Öztekı̇n Yüksel Tüzel Bu kişi benim Mehmet Ece Bu kişi benim
Yayımlanma Tarihi	31 Mart 2015
Gönderilme Tarihi	2 Aralık 2014
Kabul Tarihi	12 Şubat 2015
Yayımlandığı Sayı	Yıl 2015 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA	Öztekı̇n G. B., Tüzel Y., & Ece, M. (2015). Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, 5(1), 21-27.
AMA	Öztekı̇n GB, Tüzel Y, Ece M. Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. Mart 2015;5(1):21-27.
Chicago	Öztekı̇n Gölgen Bahar, Tüzel Yüksel, ve Mehmet Ece. “Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 5, sy. 1 (Mart 2015): 21-27.
EndNote	Öztekı̇n GB, Tüzel Y, Ece M (01 Mart 2015) Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 5 1 21–27.
IEEE	Öztekı̇n G. B., Tüzel Y., ve M. Ece, “Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions”, Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der., c. 5, sy. 1, ss. 21–27, 2015.
ISNAD	Öztekı̇n Gölgen Bahar vd. “Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology 5/1 (Mart 2015), 21-27.
JAMA	Öztekı̇n GB, Tüzel Y, Ece M. Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2015;5:21–27.
MLA	Öztekı̇n Gölgen Bahar vd. “Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions”. Journal of the Institute of Science and Technology, c. 5, sy. 1, 2015, ss. 21-27.
Vancouver	Öztekı̇n GB, Tüzel Y, Ece M. Effect of Nitrojen Fixing Bacteria Use on Plant Growth, Yield and Fruit Quality of Tomatoes Grown in Greenhouse Conditions. Iğdır Üniv. Fen Bil Enst. Der. 2015;5(1):21-7.

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