Akıllı ulaşım araçlarında siber güvenlik ve çok katmanlı güvenlik önlemi

Öz

Teknolojide yaşanan hızlı gelişmelerle günümüzde kullanımı hızlı artan akıllı ulaşım araçları, artan talep ve sağladıkları kolaylıklar sebebiyle kısa zamanda dünya çapında önemli bir yere sahip olacaktır. Akıllı ve otonom ulaşım araçları alanındaki teknolojik gelişmeler söz konusu olduğunda hızlı bir ivme kazanıldığı göz ardı edilemez. Gelişmiş makine öğrenimi ve yapay zekâ tekniklerinden yararlanan yarı otonom ve otonom arabaların ortaya çıkmasıyla birlikte potansiyel riskler ve siber güvenlik zorlukları artmaktadır. Dahası, akıllı ulaşım sistemlerinin ve otonom araçların konuşlandırılması için gerekli Araçtan Araca (V2V) ve Araçtan Altyapıya (V2I) ara yüzler, potansiyel saldırı yüzeyini ve saldırı vektörlerini büyük ölçüde genişlettikleri için güvenlik risklerini daha da artırmaktadır. Yapay zekâ ve yazılımla çalışan bu araçlar her ne kadar sürücü güvenliği ve konforunu artırsa da dışarıdan gelebilecek siber saldırılardan dolayı büyük ölçekte can ve mal kaybına da sebep olabilmektedir. Bu nedenle, akıllı ulaşım araçları ile ilgili tehditleri ve siber güvenlik risklerini analiz etmek ve bu son derece karmaşık, heterojen ve değişken ortamın özelliklerini dikkate alarak bu riskleri ele almak için güvenlik önlemleri ortaya koymak son derece önemli hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada akıllı ulaşım araçlarına yapılan siber güvenlik saldırıları, doğabilecek sonuçlar ve alınabilecek güvenlik önlemleri açıklanmaya ve analiz edilmeye çalışılacaktır. Ayrıca bu sistemlerde kullanılan çok katmanlı savunma sistemi incelenerek değerlendirilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Akıllı ulaşım araçları
• Siber saldırı
• Siber güvenlik önlemleri
• Çok katmanlı savunma teknolojisi

Cyber security and multi-layered security measures in smart transportation vehicles

Öz

Smart transportation vehicles are increasing rapidly today with the rapid developments in technology. It will soon have an important place in the world due to the increasing demand and the convenience they provide. When it comes to technological developments in the field of smart and autonomous vehicles, it cannot be ignored that rapid acceleration has been gained. With the advent of semi-autonomous and autonomous cars that leverage advanced machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques, the potential risks and cybersecurity challenges are increasing. Moreover, the Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) interfaces required for the deployment of intelligent transportation systems and autonomous vehicles further increase security risks as they greatly expand the potential attack surface and attack vectors. Although these vehicles, working with artificial intelligence and software, increase driver safety and comfort, they can also cause large-scale loss of life and property due to cyber attacks that may come from outside. Therefore, it becomes extremely important to analyze the threats and cybersecurity risks related to smart vehicles and to put forward security measures to address these risks by taking into account the characteristics of this highly complex, heterogeneous, and variable environment. In this study, cyber security attacks against smart vehicles and the consequences that may arise are examined. In addition, the security measures that can be taken are explained and analyzed. The Multi-Layer Defense System used in these systems was examined and evaluated in detail.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Intelligent vehicles
• Cyber-attack
• Cybersecurity measures
• Multi-Layer defense technology

Kaynakça

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