A CASE STUDY ON DESIGNING IDEAL E-READER DEVICE FOR ACADEMIC READING

Öz

E-reader devices, which are developed only for on-screen reading, are not common enough or used to the extent of their potential in academic circles. In addition, some research shows that e-readers are considered inadequate for academic reading. The present study was carried out to devise an ideal e-reader device for academic reading. It is a case study which involved four teaching technologists doing their postgraduate degree. The study was completed in 18 weeks. During the study, the participants were asked to design an ideal e-reader for academic reading based on their knowledge about and personal experience with e-reader devices. Data were collected by using focus group interviews and 'E-reader Design Form'. Content analysis was applied separately to two different sets of data obtained through the above mentioned instruments, and the findings were presented in a way to support each other. The results of this study are expected to be guiding for researchers in determining the features of a device to be particularly developed for academic reading and deciding on things that should be considered when choosing an e-reader suitable for academic reading.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Reading from screen
• e-reader device
• academic reading
• e-book

AKADEMİK OKUMA İÇİN İDEAL E-OKUYUCU CİHAZ TASARIMI ÜZERİNE BİR DURUM ÇALIŞMASI

Öz

Yalnızca ekrandan okuma yapmak üzere geliştirilmiş olan e-okuyucu cihazların akademik çevrelerde yeterince tanınmadığı ve potansiyeli ölçüsünde kullanılmadığı görülmektedir. Bunun yanı sıra e-okuyucuların akademik okumaya ilişkin yetersizliklerinin bulunduğuna işaret eden araştırma sonuçları da vardır. Özel durum yönteminin kullanıldığı bu araştırmada, akademik okumaya yönelik ideal bir e-okuyucu cihaz tasarımına odaklanılmaktadır. 18 haftada tamamlanan araştırmanın katılımcıları lisansüstü eğitim gören dört öğretim teknoloğudur. Katılımcılardan e-okuyucu cihazlar konusunda sahip oldukları bilgi ve deneyimden yola çıkarak akademik okuma için ideal bir e-okuyucu tasarımı yapmaları istenmiştir. Veriler odak grup görüşmeleri ve ‘E-okuyucu Tasarım Formu’ aracılığı toplanmış ve ayrı ayrı içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Elde edilen bulgular birbirini destekleyecek şekilde sunulmuştur. Araştırma ile ortaya konulan sonuçların akademik okuma için geliştirilecek bir cihazın hangi özelliklere sahip olması gerektiği ve akademik okuma için uygun e-okuyucu seçiminde nelere dikkat edilmesi gerektiği konularında yol gösterici olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ekrandan okuma
• e-okuyucu cihaz
• akademik okuma
• e-kitap

Kaynakça

1. Aaltonen, M., Mannonen, P., Nieminen, S., & Nieminen, M. (2011). Usability and compatibility of e-book readers in an academic environment: A collaborative study. IFLA Journal, 37(1), 16-27.
2. Angeletaki, A. (2011). E-readers as a studying tool: A project by the NTNU University Library, Trondheim. 20 Ocak 2020 tarihinde https://serials.uksg.org/articles/10.1629/24S1/ adresinden erişildi. doi: 10.1629/24S1
3. Ayala, S. A. (2019). Reading and search practices in Rosario, Argentina: A case study of usage practices of digital and paper devices by students and professors in higher education. Journal of Audience & Reception Studies, 16(1), 174-196.
4. Bakar Çörez, A. ve Kolburan Geçer, A. (2020). Akademisyenlerin gözünden Bilgisayar ve Öğretim Teknolojileri Eğitimi Bölümü’ne bakış. Kastamonu Eğitim Dergisi, 28(1), 17-35.
5. Behler, A. (2009). E-readers in action. American Libraries, 40(10), 56–59.
6. Bosschieter, P. (2010). The Kindle™ and the indexer. The Indexer: The International Journal of Indexing, 28(3), 116-118. doi: 10.3828/indexer.2010.33
7. Bosschieter, P. (2013). Ereaders: Exploring how well they work. The Indexer: The International Journal of Indexing, 31(2), 60-61.
8. Broadhurst, D., & Watson, J. (2012). E-book readers for full-time MBA students: An investigation in Manchester. Journal of Business & Finance Librarianship, 17(2), 170-182. Browne, G., & Coe, M. (2012). Ebook navigation: Browse, search and index. The Australian Library Journal, 61(4), 288-297.

9. Büyüköztürk, Ş., Çakmak, E. K., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş. ve Demirel, F. (2014). Bilimsel araştırma yöntemleri (18 b.). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
10. Camardese, A., Morelli, M. E., Peled, Y., & Kirkpatrick, M. (2014). Using e-readers to improve reading for students with mild disabilities. Journal of the American Academy of Special Education Professionals, 7-24.
11. Chang, C. Y., Lai, C. L., & Hwang, G. J. (2018). Trends and research issues of mobile learning studies in nursing education: A review of academic publications from 1971 to 2016. Computers & Education, 116, 28-48.
12. Chaudhry, A. S., & Al-Adwani, A. (2019). Reading practices of EFL students: A survey of Kuwaiti college students. English Language Teaching, 12(5), 130-144.
13. Chen, A. (2012). Students find e-textbooks ‘clumsy’ and don’t use their interactive features. 15 Şubat 2020 tarihinde https://www.chronicle.com/blogs/wiredcampus/students-find-e-textbooks-clumsy-and-dont-use-their-interactive-features/39082 adresinden erişildi.
14. Choi, J., & Lee, Y. (2013). Design of HTML5 based interactive e-book reader with multiple viewers. Journal of Korea Knowledge Information and Technology, 42.
15. Creswell, J. W. (2007). Qualitative inquiry & Research design: Choosing among five approaches (2nd edition). California: SAGE Publications.
16. Culén, A. L., & Gasparini, A. (2011). E-book reader and the necessity of divergence from the legacy of paper book. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Advances in Computer Human Interaction (pp. 267-273).
17. Daniel, D. B., & Woody, W. D. (2013). E-textbooks at what cost? Performance and use of electronic v. print texts. Computers & Education, 62, 18-23.
18. Dürüst, Y. (2013). Dijital yayınların tasarım öğeleri açısından incelenmesi (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Haliç Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İstanbul.
19. E Ink (2020). Electronic Ink. 13 Ocak 2020 tarihinde https://www.eink.com/electronic-ink.html adresinden erişildi. Greifeneder, E. (2011), Users and technology: Are we doing research now? Library Hi Tech, 29(2), 205-209. doi: 10.1108/07378831111138134
20. Guthrie, J. T., Wigfield, A., & You, W. (2012). Instructional contexts for engagement and achievement in reading. In S. L. Christenson, A. L. Reschly & C. M. Wylie (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Student Engagement (pp. 601-634). New York: Springer.
21. Hackman, T., Carroll, A. J., Corlett-Rivera, K., Macomber, K., & Ding, Y. (2022). E-book perceptions and use: A longitudinal follow-up study. portal: Libraries and the Academy, 22(3), 681-723.
22. Hall, F. (2014). Dijital yayıncılık. İstanbul: Profil Yayınevi.
23. Hancock, G. M., Schmidt-Daly, T. N., Fanfarelli, J., Wolfe, J. L., & Szalma, J. L. (2016). Is e-reader technology killing or kindling the reading experience? Ergonomics in Design, 24(1), 25-30.
24. Huang, K.-L., Chen, K.-H., & Ho, C.-H. (2014). Enhancing learning outcomes through new e-textbooks: A desirable combination of presentation methods and concept maps. Australasian Journal of Educational Technology, 30(5), 600-618.
25. Hughes, J., & Taylor, J. (2022, June). Textbooks 101: What you really need to know about textbook access codes, inclusive access, open access, and more! 54th Annual Meeting of the Association Supporting Computer Users in Education (ASCUE) (pp.118-127).
26. Hung, H. C., & Young, S. S. C. (2015). The effectiveness of adopting E-readers to facilitate EFL students' process-based academic writing. Journal of Educational Technology & Society, 18(1), 250-263.
27. Keş, Y. (2009). Elektronik yayıncılık ve web tasarım. İstanbul: Hiperlink yayınları.
28. Kiriakova, M., Okamoto, K.S., Zubarev, M., & Gross, G. (2010) Aiming at a moving target: Pilot testing ebook readers in an urban academic library. Computers in Libraries, 30(2), 20–24.
29. Kobo (2020). Kobo Aura ONE model number: N709. 10 Şubat 2020 tarihinde https://help.kobo.com/hc/en-us/articles/360019127213-Kobo-Aura-ONE adresinden erişildi.
30. Kossey, J., & Brown, V. (2011). Digital readers: An emerging technology in education. M. Koehler & P. Mishra (Ed.). In Proceedings of Society for Information Technology & Teacher Education International Conference (pp. 3280-3283).
31. Lebert, M. (2011). Project Gutenberg News. eBooks: 1998 – The first ebook readers. 5 Haziran 2019 tarihinde http://www.gutenbergnews.org/20110716/ebooks-1998-the-first-ebook-readers/ adresinden erişildi.
32. McMillan, J. H. (1996). Educational research: Fundamentals for the consumer. New York: HarperCollins College Publishers.
33. Mallett, E. (2010) A screen too far? Findings from an e-book reader pilot. Serials, 23(2), 140–144.
34. Mangen, A., & Van der Weel, A. (2016). The evolution of reading in the age of digitisation: An integrative framework for reading research. Literacy, 50(3), 116-124.
35. Marshall, C. C. (2010). Reading and writing the electronic book. In Gary Marchionini (Eds.)., Synthesis Lectures on Information Concepts, Retrieval, and Services. Chapel Hill: Morgan & Claypool Publishers.
36. Nicholas, D., Huntington, P., Jamali, H. R., Rowlands, I., Dobrowolski, T., & Tenopir, C. (2008). Viewing and reading behaviour in a virtual environment: The full-text download and what can be read into it. 18 Şubat 2020 tarihinde https://trace.tennessee.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&context=utk_infosciepubs adresinden erişildi.
37. Oklay, E. (2020). Akademik okuma verimini arttırma yolları. 14 Temmuz 2021 tarihinde https://www.erdemoklay.com/post/akademik-okuma-verimini-artt%C4%B1rma-yollar%C4%B1 adresinden erişildi.
38. Öngöz, S. (2019). Dijital kitap teknolojisinin donanım bileşeni. Sakine Öngöz (Ed.). Dijital kitap teknolojisi terminolojiden pedagojiye içinde (ss. 54-75). Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
39. Pearson, J., Buchanan, G., Thimbleby, H., & Jones, M. (2012). The digital reading desk: A lightweight approach to digital note-taking. Interacting with Computers, 24(5), 327-338.
40. Rowberry, S. (2017). Is the e-book a dead format? 27 Ocak 2020 tarihinde https://www.thebookseller.com/futurebook/ebook-dead-format-595431 adresinden erişildi.
41. Rowberry, S. P. (2015) Ebookness. Convergence, 23(3), 289-305. doi: 10.1177/1354856515592509
42. Siegenthaler, E., Wurtz, P., & Groner, R. (2010). Improving the usability of e-book readers. Journal of Usability Studies, 6(1), 25-38.
43. Smith, M., Kukulska-Hulme, A. & Page, A. (2012). Educational use cases from a shared exploration of e-books and iPads. 24 Şubat 2020 tarihinde http://oro.open.ac.uk/35114/7/agnes.pdf adresinden erişildi.
44. Streubert, H. J., & Carpenter, D. R. (2011). Qualitative research in nursing (5th edition). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams ve Wilkins.
45. Tonta, Y. (2000). Elektronik yayıncılıkta son gelişmeler. 14 Şubat 2017 tarihinde http://eprints.rclis.org/9451/1/Elektronik_Yayıncılıkta_Son_Gelişmeler.pdf adresinden erişildi.
46. Vanderschantz, N., Timpany, C., & Huang, J. (2018, July). eReader interface design for page-turning. In Proceedings of the 32nd International BCS Human Computer Interaction Conference 32 (pp. 1-11).
47. Velmurugan, C., & Radhakrishnan, N. (2015). Electronic publishing: A powerful tool for academic institutions in the electronic environment. International Journal of Library Science and Information Management, 1, 10-18.
48. Zickuhr, K., & Rainie, L. (2014). E-reading rises as device ownership jumps. 16 Şubat 2020 tarihinde https://www.pewresearch.org/internet/2014/01/16/e-reading-rises-as-device-ownership-jumps/ adresinden erişildi.