Investigation of the Effects of Hesperidin Against Di-(2-ethylhexyl) Phthalate (DEHP)-Induced Testicular Toxicity

Öz

Phthalates are synthetic chemicals commonly used as plasticizers in plastics because of their flexibility. Human populations maybe exposed to phthalates through direct contact or environmental contamination. Most studies have focused on the effects of phthalates on the reproductive system and classified these compounds as endocrine disruptors. Hesperidin is a naturally occurring flavonoid abundantly found in citrus peels, known for its potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. In this study, we aimed to investigate the possible oxidative damage induced by diethyl hexyl phthalate (DEHP) in rat testis and to evaluate the regulatory effects of hesperidin (HES). For this purpose, 35 male rats were divided into 5 experimental groups. Group I was treated as control, Group II HES 200 mg/kg, Group III DEHP (1 g/kg), Group IV DEHP+HES 100 and Group V DEHP+HES 200. All applications were administered orally. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level, Advanced Oxidation Protein Products (AOPP), glutathione level (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (KAT) activities were determined in rats. Our findings showed that DEHP significantly increased MDA levels, while GSH levels, GPx, SOD and KAT activities were significantly decreased. Interestingly, MDA levels decreased and GSH and antioxidant enzyme activities increased as a result of HES treatment. In conclusion, DEHP impairs testicular function in rats, at least in part through the induction of oxidative stress. On the other hand, HES exhibits potential protective effects on DEHP-induced testicular toxicity.

Di-(2-etilhekzil) Ftalat (DEHP) Kaynaklı Testis Toksisitesine karşı Hesperedinin Etkilerinin İncelenmesi

Öz

Ftalatlar, plastiklerdeki esneklikleri nedeniyle yaygın olarak plastikleştirici olarak kullanılan sentetik kimyasallardır. İnsan popülasyonları ftalatlara doğrudan temas veya çevresel kirlenme yoluyla maruz kalabilir. Çoğu çalışma ftalatların üreme sistemi üzerindeki etkilerine odaklanmış ve bu bileşikleri endokrin bozucular olarak sınıflandırmıştır. Bu çalışmada, di-(2-etilhekzil) ftalat (DEHP) tarafından fare testisinde indüklenen olası oksidatif hasarı araştırmayı ve hesperedinin (HES) düzenleyici etkilerini değerlendirmeyi amaçladık. Bu amaçla, 24 erkek rat 4 deney grubuna ayrıldı. Grup I kontrol, Grup II HES 200 mg/kg, Grup III DEHP (1 g/kg), ve Grup V DEHP+HES 200 olarak tedavi edildi. Bütün uygulamalar oral olarak uygulandı. Ratlarda malondialdehit (MDA) seviyesi, İleri Oksidasyon Protein Ürünleri (AOPP), glutatyon seviyesi (GSH), glutatyon peroksidaz (GPx), süperoksit dismutaz (SOD) ve katalaz (KAT) aktiviteleri belirlendi. Bulgularımız DEHP’nin MDA düzeylerini önemli oranda arttırdığını bunun yanında GSH seviyesi, GPx, SOD ve KAT aktivitelerinde önemli oranda azalma olduğunu tespit ettik. İlginç olarak HES ile tedavi sonucu MDA seviyeleri azalmış, GSH ve antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri artmıştır. Sonuç olarak, DEHP, en azından kısmen oksidatif stres indüksiyonu yoluyla sıçanlarda testis fonksiyonunu bozar. Öte yandan, HES, DEHP tarafından indüklenen testis toksisitesi üzerinde potansiyel koruyucu etkiler sergiler.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Antioksidan
• di-(2-etilhekzil) ftalat (DEHP)
• Hesperedin
• Oksidatif Stres
• Testis.

Kaynakça

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