Toz Metalurjisi ile Üretilmiş Al/SiC ve Al/B4C Metal Matrisli Kompozitlerin Mikroyapı, Fiziksel ve Mekanik Özellikleri

Öz

Bu çalışmada, farklı takviye oranlarında (%8, %16, %24) silisyum karbür (SiC) ve bor karbür (B4C) ile takviyelendirilmiş alüminyum (Al) matrisli kompozitler toz metalurjisi yöntemi ile üretilmiştir. Tozlar karıştırıldıktan sonra, elde edilen toz karışımları tek eksenli bir hidrolik pres ile preslenmiştir. Silindirik blok şeklinde preslenen ham numuneler, farklı sıcaklıklarda (540°C, 580°C, 620°C) ve sürelerde (2 ve 4 saat) sinterleme işlemine tabi tutulmuştur. Sinterleme sonrası numunelere metalografik numune hazırlama işlemleri uygulanarak, yoğunluk ve sertlik ölçümleri yapılmış, ardından mikroyapı incelemeleri optik mikroskop, taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM) ve enerji dağılım spektrometresi (EDX) ile gerçekleştirilmiş ve sonuçlar değerlendirilmiştir. Böylece değişen takviye oranı, sinterleme sıcaklığı ve sinterleme süresinin üretilen kompozitlerin mikroyapı, fiziksel ve mekanik özelliklerine etkisi belirlenmiş ve karşılaştırma yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• B4C
• Metal matrisli kompozitler
• Toz metalurjisi
• SiC

Microstructure, Physical and Mechanical Properties of Al/SiC and Al/B4C Metal Matrix Composites Produced by Powder Metallurgy

Abstract

In this study, aluminum (Al) matrix composites reinforced with silicon carbide (SiC) and boron carbide (B4C) in different weight ratios (8 wt.%, 16 wt.%, 24 wt.%) were produced by powder metallurgy method. After mixing, the resulting powder mixtures were compressed with a uniaxial hydraulic press. Compressed cylindrical block-shaped raw samples were subjected to sintering at different temperatures (540°C, 580°C, 620°C) and times (2 and 4 hours). After sintering samples, metallographic sample preparation processes were applied, the density and hardness measurements were made, then the microstructure examinations were performed by optical microscope, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy distribution spectrometer (EDX) and the results were evaluated. Thus, the effect of changing reinforcement rate, sintering temperature and sintering time on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the composites produced was determined and a comparison was made. As a result of the study, it was determined that the optimum values were obtained in samples sintered at 620°C for 4 hours. The highest hardness values obtained were determined as ~92 HV for 24wt.% SiC reinforced samples sintered at 620°C for 4 hours and, ~60 HV for 8wt.% B4C reinforced samples sintered at 620°C for 4 hours. Thus, compared to ~54 HV value, which is the highest hardness value obtained in unreinforced Al samples sintered at 620°C for 4 hours, 70% higher hardness was obtained in SiC samples and 11% higher in B4C samples. Although the B4C hardness value is higher than SiC, it was interpreted that the difference in the matrix/reinforcement particle size ratio was effective in obtaining these hardness results.

Keywords

• B4C
• Metal matrix composites
• Powder metallurgy
• SiC

Kaynakça

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