Araştırma Makalesi

Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures

Sayı: 18 11 Kasım 2025
  • Maria De Fátima Abraços *
  • Licínia N. C. Wrench
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Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures

Öz

In Portugal, during the second half of the 19th century, a few individuals and institutions, guardians of archaeological finds, tried to publicize and preserve the mosaics that were being discovered. Mosaic pavements with figurative motifs, or emblemata, were removed from their original locations, mounted on plaster or cement supports, and framed for exhibition. In Portugal, there are currently more than thirty museums with mosaic fragments in their collections. However, most of these fragments lack discovery and survey information as detailed records of findings and their architectural integration were rarely made when structures with mosaics were excavated. Archaeologists in charge of excavations often removed small fragments of newly discovered mosaic pavements and sent them as gifts or samples to friends responsible for museum collections. However, these pieces were usually not described, drawn, or photographed, nor were they given an inventory number when included in museum collections. Unfortunately, due to these practices, few written, graphic, or photographic records of these pieces exist today. Until the mid-20th century, it was common practice to transport mosaics to museums to prevent their disappearance or destruction due to the lack of support for their protection and maintenance in situ. This practice has allowed us to enjoy the beauty of some of these pieces, study them, monitor them, and preserve them for future use. Most of the archaeological materials, including many mosaic fragments, from the archaeological sites in the area of the Pax Iulia ciuitas, are now housed in the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Portalegre). The majority of these fragments feature geometric and plant motifs, while some also display interesting figurative motifs. Many of these fragments remain unpublished and have not yet been subject to detailed study. Our study focuses on two figurative mosaics from two archaeological sites in the area of influence of Pax Iulia. One was discovered in Pax Iulia (now known as Beja, in the Portuguese region of Baixo Alentejo) and the other is from the Villa of Monte do Meio, S. Brissos (Beja). Our study aims to analyse these mosaics, as well as examine aspects related to the reports on their findings, the restorations carried out, their conservation, and musealization.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. Bibliography – Kaynaklar
  2. AAVV 1994 Informação Arqueológica, 9, 102, IPPAR (Instituto Português do Património Arquitectónico).
  3. Abraços 1999 M. F. Abraços, “Contributo para a História e Inventário dos Mosaicos Romanos do Museu Nacional de Arqueologia”, APort, série IV, 17, 345-397.
  4. Abraços 2005a M. F. Abraços, “Para a História da conservação e restauro do mosaico romano em Portugal. Manuel Heleno e a equipa de restauro de mosaicos do Opificio delle Pietre Dure de Florença”, APort, série IV, 23, 414-435.
  5. Abraços 2005b M. F. Abraços, “Os Mosaicos Romanos”, J. M. Arnaud - C. V. Fernandes (eds.), Construindo a Memória – As Colecções do Museu Arqueológico do Carmo, Lisboa, 241-245.
  6. Abraços 2006 M. F. Abraços, Para a História da Conservação e Restauro do Mosaico Romano em Portugal. Vols. I-II-III, Unpublished PhD Thesis, Faculdade de Letras da Universidade Clássica de Lisboa, Lisboa.
  7. Abraços 2010 M. F. Abraços, “The Team of Opificio Delle Pietre Dure of Florence and the Lifting, Consolidation and Restoration of Mosaics of the Roman Villa of Torre de Palma, Portugal”, C. Fiori - M. Vandini (eds.), Ravenna Musiva, Conservazione e Restauro del Mosaico Antico e Contemporaneo, Primo Convegno Internazionale, Ravenna 2009, Ravenna, 187-206.
  8. Abraços 2016 M. F. Abraços, “Os mosaicos romanos nas colecções dos museus de Portugal. Itinerários: paraísos guardados, paraísos revelados”, A. Hakkert (ed.), Imagens do Paradeisos nos Mosaicos da Hispania, Amsterdam, 366-390.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Arkeoloji Bilimi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

Maria De Fátima Abraços * Bu kişi benim
0000-0003-0997-9553
Portugal

Licínia N. C. Wrench Bu kişi benim
0000-0002-5780-2018
Portugal

Yayımlanma Tarihi

11 Kasım 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

14 Mart 2024

Kabul Tarihi

13 Eylül 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Sayı: 18

Kaynak Göster

APA
Abraços, M. D. F., & Wrench, L. N. C. (2025). Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures. Journal of Mosaic Research, 18, 1-13. https://doi.org/10.26658/jmr.1813596
AMA
1.Abraços MDF, Wrench LNC. Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures. Journal of Mosaic Research. 2025;(18):1-13. doi:10.26658/jmr.1813596
Chicago
Abraços, Maria De Fátima, ve Licínia N. C. Wrench. 2025. “Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures”. Journal of Mosaic Research, sy 18: 1-13. https://doi.org/10.26658/jmr.1813596.
EndNote
Abraços MDF, Wrench LNC (01 Kasım 2025) Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures. Journal of Mosaic Research 18 1–13.
IEEE
[1]M. D. F. Abraços ve L. N. C. Wrench, “Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures”, Journal of Mosaic Research, sy 18, ss. 1–13, Kas. 2025, doi: 10.26658/jmr.1813596.
ISNAD
Abraços, Maria De Fátima - Wrench, Licínia N. C. “Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures”. Journal of Mosaic Research. 18 (01 Kasım 2025): 1-13. https://doi.org/10.26658/jmr.1813596.
JAMA
1.Abraços MDF, Wrench LNC. Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures. Journal of Mosaic Research. 2025;:1–13.
MLA
Abraços, Maria De Fátima, ve Licínia N. C. Wrench. “Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures”. Journal of Mosaic Research, sy 18, Kasım 2025, ss. 1-13, doi:10.26658/jmr.1813596.
Vancouver
1.Maria De Fátima Abraços, Licínia N. C. Wrench. Study of Two Roman Mosaics from the Area of Influence of the PAX IVLIA CIVITAS (CONVENTVS PACENSIS) Housed at the Regional Archaeological Museum of Beja and the Museum of Archaeology of the Castle of Vila Viçosa (Alentejo) - Mosaic Documentation, Restoration and Conservation Procedures. Journal of Mosaic Research. 01 Kasım 2025;(18):1-13. doi:10.26658/jmr.1813596