Avrupa Istakozu (Homarus gammarus Linnaeus, 1758) Larva ve Jüvenillerinin Kapalı Devre Sistemde Büyüme ve Hayatta Kalmaları

Öz

Bu çalışmada, H. gammarus larva ve jüvenillerinin büyüme ve hayatta kalma oranları 2 farklı çalışma ile araştırılmıştır. İlk denemede yumurtadan yeni çıkmış ıstakoz larvaları biyolojik filtrasyon içeren kapalı devre bir sisteme entegre 100 litre hacminde 3 adet silindir-konik tank kullanılmıştır. Her bir tanka 150 adet yumurtadan yeni çıkmış larvanın kullanıldığı bu çalışmada (toplam 450 larva) larvaların büyüme ve hayatta kalma oranları IV evre sonuna kadar tespit edilmiş ve deneme larvalar IV. evreye ulaşınca sona erdirilmiştir. İkinci denemede farklı yemlerin jüvenil ıstakoz büyümesi ve hayatta kalması üzerindeki etkileri incelenmiştir. Büyüme denemesine larvalar bentik aşamaya geçtikleri IV. evreden sonra başlanmıştır. Bu amaçla mollusk (M) veya crustacea (C) içeren 2 farklı yaş yem ile ticari levrek yemi (L) olmak üzere toplam 3 farklı yem kullanılmıştır. Her bir uygulama için 45 adet olmak üzere toplamda 135 adet ıstakoz kullanılmıştır. Larval yetişiricilik denemesinde IV. evre larvalarının ortalama karapaks uzunluğu ve toplam uzunluğu sırasıyla 5,255±0,052 mm ve 13,027±0,486 mm olarak tespit edilmiş ve tanklar arasında karapaks boyu ve toplam boy bakımından istatistiksel açıdan önemli bir fark bulunmamıştır (p>0,05) ve ortalama hayatta kalma oranı %13,11 olarak bulunmuştur. Istakoz jüvenillerinin büyütme denemesinde en büyük karapaks boyu 1,371±0,023 cm ile C ile beslenen grupta bulunurken, M ve L ile beslenen gruplarda karapaks uzunluğu sırasıyla, 1,251±0,039 cm ve 1,187±0,095 cm arasında değişiklik göstermiştir. 102 gün süren besleme çalışması sonucunda jüvenil ıstakozların ortalama hayatta kalma oranları, C yemiyle beslenenlerde %98,7, M yemiyle beslenenlerde %80 ve L yemiyle beslenenlerde %53,3 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmada elde edilen bulgular, H. gammarus larva ve jüvenillerinin yetiştiricilik şartları altında hayatta kalma ve büyüme oranlarının arttırılmasına yönelik katkı sağlamaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Homarid ıstakoz
• Decapod
• Kanibalizm
• Zoea larvası
• Yaş yemler

The Growth and Survival of the European Lobster (Homarus gammarus Linnaeus, 1758) Larvae and Juveniles in a Recirculating System

Öz

In this study, the growth and survival of H. gammarus larvae and juveniles were investigated in two different consecutive trials. In the first trial, newly hatched lobster larvae were raised in 100 liter cylindro-conical tanks in triplicate. Each tank was stocked with 150 lobster larvae (a total of 450 larvae) and the growth and survival of larvae at the end of stage IV were determined. In the second trial, the growth and survival of juvenile lobsters fed on three different diets were determined for a period of 102 days using an integrated recirculating system with 10% daily water renewal. For this purpose, a total of 3 different diets including a mollusk based (M), a crustacean based (C) and a commercial seabass diet (L) were prepared. A total of 135 juvenile lobsters, 45 for each treatment were used for the juvenile growth trial. At the end of the larval growth experiment, the mean carapace and total length of Stage IV larvae were 5.255±0.052 mm and 13.027±0.486 mm, respectively, with no significant differences within tanks (p>0.05) and the mean survival rate of lobsters was 13.11%. In the juvenile growth trial, the highest carapace length was 1.371±0.023 cm in treatment C, followed by 1.251±0.039 cm and 1.187±0.095 cm in treatment M and L, respectively. At the end of 102 days, the mean survival rates of juvenile lobsters were %98.7, %80 and %53.3 in treatments C, M and L, respectively. The most successful diet for juvenile lobsters, with respect to growth and survival, was the crustacean based diet. The findings of this study provide information to help improve the growth and survival rates of larval and juvenile H. gammarus in captivity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Homarid lobster
• decapoda
• cannibalism
• zoea larvae
• wet diets

Kaynakça

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