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COVID-19 Pandemisini Durdurmaya Yönelik Tedbirlerin Çocuk Sağlığına Etkileri: Tüm Yönleriyle

Yıl 2023, , 383 - 400, 15.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.46483/jnef.1327409

Öz

COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde virüse maruz kalma ve bunun sonucunda ortaya çıkan enfeksiyonu önlemek, yeterli tıbbi bakımı sağlamak, salgının ilerlemesini yavaşlatmak, ve sağlık sistemlerinin sürdürülebilirliğini sağlamak amacıyla çeşitli tedbirler alınmıştır. Bu evrensel kriz, her yaştan ve her ülkeden çocuğu etkilemiştir. Alınan tedbirler kapsamında uygulanan sokağa çıkma kısıtlamaları çocukların genel sağlığı, esenlikleri ve gelişimleri üzerinde olumsuz etkiler yaratmıştır. Pediatri hemşireleri, COVID-19 krizinin çocuklar üzerindeki etkilerinin farkında olmak ve pandemi koşulları altında bile çocuğun sağlıklı büyüme ve gelişmesini desteklemek açısından oldukça kritik konumdadır. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de çocuk sağlığına yönelik kazanımların sürdürülmesi için başta pediatri hemşireleri olmak üzere tüm hemşirelerin COVID-19 pandemisinin çocuk refahı üzerindeki etkileri hakkında bilgi sahibi olması önemlidir. Bu derlemede COVID-19 pandemisi yönetimine ilişkin önlemlerin çocuk sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yapılan literatür incelemesi sonucunda COVID-19 pandemisinin çocuk sağlığı üzerindeki etkilerinin beslenme bozuklukları, ekran süresinin artışı, fiziksel aktivitede azalma, uyku düzeninde bozulmalar, kazalar/yaralanmalar ve zehirlenmeler, sağlık hizmetlerine erişememe, eğitimin kesintiye uğraması, okul temelli sağlık hizmetlerine erişimde güçlükler, yoksulluk, ihmal/istismar, çocuk işçiliğinde ve evliliklerinde artış ve tüm bunların getirdiği psikososyal sorunlar olmak üzere oldukça geniş boyutlu olduğu görülmüştür.

Kaynakça

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Child Health Effects of Measures to Stop the COVID-19 Pandemic: In All Aspects

Yıl 2023, , 383 - 400, 15.07.2023
https://doi.org/10.46483/jnef.1327409

Öz

During the COVID-19 pandemic, measures have been taken to prevent exposure to the virus and resulting infection, to provide adequate medical care, to slow the progression of the epidemic, and to prevent the collapse of health systems. This universal crisis has affected children of all ages and countries. The lockdown imposed within the scope of the measures taken had negative effects on the general health, well-being and development of children. Pediatric nurses are in a critical position to be aware of the effects of the COVID-19 crisis on children and to support the healthy growth and development of the child, even in a pandemic situation. It is important that all nurses, especially pediatric nurses, have information about the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on child welfare in order to maintain the gains in child health in the world and in Turkey. In this review, it is aimed to examine the effects of measures to stop the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s health. As a result of the literature review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on children’s health include nutritional disorders, increase in screen time, decrease in physical activity, disruptions in sleep patterns, accidents/injuries and poisonings, inability to access health services, interruption of education, difficulties in accessing school-based health services, poverty, neglect/abuse, increase in child labor and marriages, and psychosocial problems brought about by all these.

Kaynakça

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  • Phillipou, A., Meyer, D., Neill, E., Tan, E. J., Toh, W. L., Van Rheenen, T. E., & Rossell, S. L. (2020). Eating and exercise behaviors in eating disorders and the general population during the COVID‐19 pandemic in Australia: Initial results from the COLLATE project. The International Journal of Eating Disorders, 53(7), 1158-1165. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.23317
  • Pizzol, A., Rigazio, C., Calvo, P. L., Scottoni, F., Pane, A., Gennari, F., & Cisarò, F. (2020). Foreign-body ingestions in children during COVID-19 pandemic in a pediatric referral center. Jpgn Reports, 1(2), e018. https://doi.org/10.1097/PG9.0000000000000018
  • Raman, R., & Madhusudan, M. (2021). Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on admissions to the pediatric emergency department in a tertiary care hospital. Indian Journal of Pediatrics, 88(4), 392-392. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-020-03562-y
  • Rengasamy, E. R., Long, S. A., Rees, S. C., Davies, S., Hildebrandt, T., & Payne, E. (2022). Impact of COVID-19 lockdown: Domestic and child abuse in Bridgend. Child Abuse & Neglect, 130, 105386. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105386
  • Roberton, T., Carter, E. D., Chou, V. B., Stegmuller, A. R., Jackson, B. D., Tam, Y., Sawadogo-Lewis, T., & Walker, N. (2020). Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: A modelling study. The Lancet Global Health, 8(7), e901-e908. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30229-1
  • Roux, G. L., Sinno-Tellier, S., & Descatha, A. (2020). COVID-19: Home poisoning throughout the containment period. The Lancet Public Health, 5(6), e314. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2468-2667(20)30095-5
  • Salehinejad, M. A., Azarkolah, A., Ghanavati, E., & Nitsche, M. A. (2021). Circadian disturbances, sleep difficulties and the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sleep.2021.07.011
  • Schmidt, S. C. E., Anedda, B., Burchartz, A., Eichsteller, A., Kolb, S., Nigg, C., Niessner, C., Oriwol, D., Worth, A., & Woll, A. (2020). Physical activity and screen time of children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: A natural experiment. Scientific Reports, 10(1), 21780. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78438-4
  • Sethuraman, U., Stankovic, C., Singer, A., Vitale, L., Krouse, C. B., Cloutier, D., Donoghue, L., Klein, J., & Kannikeswaran, N. (2021). Burn visits to a pediatric burn center during the COVID-19 pandemic and ‘Stay at home’ period. Burns, 47(2), 491-492. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.burns.2020.08.004
  • Siedner, M. J., Kraemer, J. D., Meyer, M. J., Harling, G., Mngomezulu, T., Gabela, P., Dlamini, S., Gareta, D., Majozi, N., Ngwenya, N., Seeley, J., Wong, E., Iwuji, C., Shahmanesh, M., Hanekom, W., & Herbst, K. (2020). Access to primary healthcare during lockdown measures for COVID-19 in rural South Africa: An interrupted time series analysis. BMJ Open, 10(10), e043763. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043763
  • Singh, S., Roy, D., Sinha, K., Parveen, S., Sharma, G., & Joshi, G. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 and lockdown on mental health of children and adolescents: A narrative review with recommendations. Psychiatry Research, 293, 113429. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113429
  • Spinelli, M., Lionetti, F., Pastore, M., & Fasolo, M. (2020). Parents’ stress and children’s psychological problems in families facing the COVID-19 outbreak in Italy. Frontiers in Psychology, 11, 1713. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01713
  • Sserwanja, Q., Kawuki, J., & Kim, J. H. (2021). Increased child abuse in Uganda amidst COVID-19 pandemic. Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 57(2), 188-191. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpc.15289
  • Tanaka, T., & Okamoto, S. (2021). Increase in suicide following an initial decline during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. Nature Human Behaviour, 5(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-020-01042-z
  • Tang, S., Xiang, M., Cheung, T., & Xiang, Y.-T. (2021). Mental health and its correlates among children and adolescents during COVID-19 school closure: The importance of parent-child discussion. Journal of Affective Disorders, 279, 353-360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.016
  • Thakur, A. (2020). Mental health in high school students at the time of COVID-19: A student’s perspective. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 59(12), 1309-1310. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2020.08.005
  • The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health. (2020). Pandemic school closures: Risks and opportunities. The Lancet. Child & Adolescent Health, 4(5), 341. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2352-4642(20)30105-X
  • UNESCO. (2022). Global School Closures COVID-19—Humanitarian Data Exchange. UNESCO. Erişim adresi: https://data.humdata.org/dataset/global-school-closures-covid19 Erişim tarihi: 30.11.2021.
  • UNICEF. (2020a, Mart). Education and COVID-19. UNICEF DATA. Erişim adresi: https://data.unicef.org/topic/education/covid-19/ Erişim tarihi: 30.11.2021.
  • UNICEF. (2020b, Nisan). Impact of COVID-19 on multidimensional child poverty. UNICEF DATA. Erişim adresi: https://data.unicef.org/resources/impact-of-covid-19-on-multidimensional-child-poverty/ Erişim tarihi: 30.11.2021.
  • UNICEF. (2020c, Mayıs). Child poverty and COVID-19. UNICEF DATA. Erişim adresi: https://data.unicef.org/topic/child-poverty/covid-19/ Erişim tarihi: 30.11.2021.
  • UNICEF. (2021a, Nisan). The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021. UNICEF DATA. Erişim adresi: https://data.unicef.org/resources/sofi-2021/ Erişim tarihi: 02.12.2021.
  • UNICEF. (2021b, Ağustos). COVID-19: A threat to progress against child marriage. UNICEF DATA. Erişim adresi: https://data.unicef.org/resources/covid-19-a-threat-to-progress-against-child-marriage/ Erişim tarihi: 25.11.2021.
  • Wearick-Silva, L. E., Richter, S. A., Viola, T. W., & Nunes, M. L. (2021). Sleep quality among parents and their children during COVID-19 pandemic. Jornal de Pediatria, 98(3), 248-255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jped.2021.07.002
  • WHO. (2020). WHO Director-General’s opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID-19—11 March 2020. World Health Organization. Erişim adresi: https://www.who.int/director-general/speeches/detail/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19---11-march-2020 Erişim tarihi: 03.12.2021.
  • Wolfson, J. A., & Leung, C. W. (2020). Food insecurity during COVID-19: An acute crisis with long-term health implications. American Journal of Public Health, 110(12), 1763-1765. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305953
  • Wong, J. Y.-H., Wai, A. K.-C., Wang, M. P., Lee, J. J., Li, M., Kwok, J. Y.-Y., Wong, C. K.-H., & Choi, A. W.-M. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 on Child Maltreatment: Income Instability and Parenting Issues. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(4), Article 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041501
  • Wu, H., Sun, W., Huang, X., Yu, S., Wang, H., Bi, X., Sheng, J., Chen, S., Akinwunmi, B., Zhang, C. J. P., & Ming, W.-K. (2020). Online antenatal care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Opportunities and challenges. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 22(7), e19916. https://doi.org/10.2196/19916
  • Xiang, M., Zhang, Z., & Kuwahara, K. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on children and adolescents’ lifestyle behavior larger than expected. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 63(4), 531-532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.013
  • Xie, X., Zhang, J., & Song, R. (2021). Factors affecting children’s mental health during the coronavirus disease 2019 epidemic-reply. JAMA Pediatrics, 175(3), 320. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapediatrics.2020.4936
  • Yalaki̇, Z. (2022). COVID-19 pandemisi çocuk sağlığı izlemlerini nasıl etkiledi? Turkish Journal of Pediatric Disease, 16(4), 293-298. https://doi.org/10.12956/tchd.982664
  • Yazcayir, G., & Gurgur, H. (2021). Students with special needs in digital classrooms during the COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. Pedagogical Research, 6(1). https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1287170
  • Yeasmin, S., Banik, R., Hossain, S., Hossain, Md. N., Mahumud, R., Salma, N., & Hossain, Md. M. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of children in Bangladesh: A cross-sectional study. Children and Youth Services Review, 117, 105277. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.105277
  • Yukich, J., Worges, M., Gage, A. J., Hotchkiss, D. R., Preaux, A., Murray, C., & Cappa, C. (2021). Projecting the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on child marriage. Journal of Adolescent Health, 69(6, Supplement), S23-S30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2021.07.037
  • Yüceol, H. M. (2022). “Çocuk işçiliği” sorununun analizi ve politika önerileri. Mersin Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(2), 40-53. https://doi.org/10.55044/meusbd.1077513
Toplam 91 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Hemşirelik (Diğer)
Bölüm Derlemeler
Yazarlar

Zeynep Aközlü 0000-0003-4561-4025

Birsen Mutlu Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 15 Temmuz 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023

Kaynak Göster

APA Aközlü, Z., & Mutlu, B. (2023). COVID-19 Pandemisini Durdurmaya Yönelik Tedbirlerin Çocuk Sağlığına Etkileri: Tüm Yönleriyle. Etkili Hemşirelik Dergisi, 16(3), 383-400. https://doi.org/10.46483/jnef.1327409

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Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Yayınevi Web Sitesi
https://kutuphane.deu.edu.tr/yayinevi/

Dergi İletişim Bilgileri Sayfası
https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/jnef/contacts

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