Ortopedik Cerrahi Girişim Sonrasında Hastaların Klinikte ve Evde Yaşadıkları Sorunlar ve Bakım Bağımlılık Düzeyleri

Öz

Giriş: Ortopedik cerrahi girişim uygulanan hastaların bakım ihtiyaçları hastane ile sınırlı kalmayıp, taburculuk sonrası evde de devam etmektedir. Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, ortopedik cerrahi girişim uygulanan hastaların ameliyat sonrası klinikte ve taburculuk sonrası ilk ay evde yaşadıkları sorunların ve bakım bağımlılık düzeylerinin belirlenmesidir. Yöntem: 1 Mart 2021 ile 18 Nisan 2022 tarihleri arasında bir devlet hastanesinin ortopedi ve travmatoloji kliniğinde yatan, ortopedik cerrahi girişim geçiren 18 yaş ve üzeri 113 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Veriler “Hasta Bilgi Formu (Bölüm I), İzlem Formu (Bölüm II)” ve “Bakım Bağımlılığı Ölçeği” kullanılarak toplandı. Veriler ortalama, standart sapma, medyan, minmum-maksimum, sayı ve yüzde, NcNemar, NcNemarBrowker, eta kare (η2), Cohen’s d, Kruskal Wallis-H testi, Dunn’s çoklu karşılaştırma tetsi ve Lineer regresyon analizi kullanılarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Ortopedik cerrahi girişim geçiren hastaların en çok öz bakım ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada ve fiziksel hareket kısıtlılığında zorluk yaşadıkları belirlendi. Hastaların ağrı ve kaygılarının azalmasıyla iyileşme inancında artış, bağımlılık düzeylerinde ise azalma gözlendi. Lineer regresyon modelinde bakım bağımlılığındaki değişmelerin yalnızca %17’si bağımsız değişkenlerle açıklanabildi ancak bağımsız değişkenler istatistiksel olarak anlamlı saptanmadı. Sonuç: Ortopedi hastaları yüksek düzeyde hareket kısıtlığı ve bakım bağımlılığı yaşamaktadır. Hastaların klinikteki üçüncü güne kıyasla taburculuktaki birinci ayda bakım bağımlılıklarında azalma görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Ortopedik Cerrahi
• Günlük Yaşam Aktivitesi
• Postoperatif Dönem
• Bakım Bağımlılığı

Problems Experienced by Patients in the Clinic and at Home after Orthopedic Surgery and Their Level of Care Dependency

Öz

Background: The care needs of patients who underwent orthopedic surgery are not limited to the hospital but continue at home after discharge. Objectives: The aim of this study is to determine the problems and care dependency levels of patients who has orthopedic surgery in the clinic after the surgery and at home in the first month of discharge. Methods: Between March 1, 2021 and April 18, 2022, 113 patients (aged 18 and over), who were hospitalized in the orthopedics and traumatology clinic of public hospital due to orthopedic surgery, were included in study. Data were collected using the “Patient Information Form (Part I), Follow-up Form (Part II),” and “Care Dependency Scale.” Data were evaluated using mean, standard deviation, median, minimum-maximum, number and percentage, McNemar, McNemarBrowker, eta squared (η2), Cohen’s d, Kruskal Wallis-H test, Dunn’s test for multiple comparisons and Linear regression analysis. Results: It has determined that patients who had orthopedic surgery mostly had difficulties in fulfill their self care needs and physical mobility limitations. With the relief of patients’ pain and anxiety, an increase in their belief in recovery and a decrease in their dependency levels were observed. In the linear regression model, only 17% of the changes in care dependency could be explained by independent variables, but the independent variables were not statistically significant. Conclusion: Orthopedic patients experience high levels of mobility limitation and care dependency. There was a decrease in care dependency in the first month after discharge compared to the third day in the clinic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Orthopedic Surgery
• Daily Living Activity
• Postoperative Period
• Care Dependency

Kaynakça

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