Mesleğe Yeni Başlayan Hemşirelerin İşyeri Nezaketsizliğine Maruz Kalma Sıklığının ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi

Öz

Giriş: Mesleğe yeni başlayan hemşirelerin işyeri nezaketsizliğine karşı daha riskli ve savunmasız bir grup olduğu bilinmektedir. Amaç: Mesleğe yeni başlayan hemşirelerin sorumlu hemşireleri, meslektaşları ve rehber hemşireleri tarafından maruz kaldıkları işyeri nezaketsizliği davranışlarının sıklığının belirlenmesi ve bu davranışlarla ilişkili faktörleri incelenmek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini, İzmir ilinde bulunan iki kamu üniversite hastanesinde, doğrudan hasta bakımı sunan ve iki yılın altında deneyimi olan 114 hemşire oluşturmaktadır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Hemşire Bilgi Formu ve İşyeri Nezaketsizliği Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada elde edilen veriler SPSS (Statistical Package For Social Sciences) Windows 25.0 (IBM, 2017) programında tanımlayıcı istatistikler (sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma), Mann Whitney-U testi, Kruskal Wallis H-Testi, Spearman korelasyon analizi ve Dunn testi kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular: İşyeri Nezaketsizliği Ölçeği madde ortalamalarının 1.07-2 arasında olduğu ve “ara sıra-sık sık-her zaman” seçenekleri ile bu davranışlara en az bir kez maruz kalan mesleğe yeni başlayan hemşirelerin oranının %0.9-28.1 arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir. Mesleğe yeni başlayan hemşirelerin yaşları ve birimde-kurumda-meslekte çalışma süreleri arttıkça nezaketsiz davranışlara maruz kalma sıklıklarının da arttığı, buna karşın rehber hemşire ile çalışmaktan memnun olanların nezaketsiz davranışlara maruz kalma sıklığının azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Sonuç: Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, mesleğe yeni başlayan hemşirelerin desteklenmesi ve rehberlik sistemlerinin etkinliğinin artırılmasının işyeri nezaketsizliğini azaltmada önemli bir rol oynayabileceğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İşyeri nezaketsizliği
• yeni mezun hemşire
• mesleğe yeni başlayan hemşire
• rehber hemşire.

Workplace Incivility Among Newly Employed Nurses: Frequency and Associated Factors

Öz

Background: New nurses are known to be a higher risk and more vulnerable group to workplace incivility. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the frequency of workplace incivility experienced by new nurses from charge nurses, colleagues, and preceptor nurses, and to examine the factors associated with these experiences. Methods: The study sample consisted of 114 nurses with less than two years of direct patient care experience, working at two public university hospitals in the province of Izmir. Data were collected using the Nurse Information Form and the Workplace Incivility Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS Windows 25.0 (IBM, 2017), and descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation), Mann-Whitney U test, Kruskal-Wallis H test, and Spearman correlation analysis were utilized. Results: The mean scores for the items on the Workplace Incivility Scale ranged between 1.07 and 2. The percentage of new nurses who reported experiencing these behaviors at least once ("sometimes", "frequently", or "always") varied between 0.9% and 28.1%. The frequency of exposure to uncivil behavior increased with the nurse’s age and length of time working in the unit, the organization, and the profession. Conversely, the frequency of exposure to uncivil behaviours decreased among those who were satisfied with working with a mentor nurse. Conclusion: This study's findings suggest that supporting new nurses and improving preceptorship systems' effectiveness can play an important role in reducing workplace incivility.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Workplace incivility, new graduate nurse, new nurse, preceptor nurse.

Kaynakça

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