Tokat İlindeki Bazı Aile Sağlığı Merkezlerine Kayıtlı Lohusaların Doğum Sonrası Dönemde Destek Gereksinimleri ve Aldıkları Destek ile Yaşam Kaliteleri Arasındaki İlişkinin Belirlenmesi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 1, 73 - 88

Nadide Beyza Akbaş , Döndü Batkın

https://doi.org/10.46483/jnef.1620907

Öz

Giriş: Doğum sonrası dönem, anne ve yenidoğan sağlığı açısından kritik bir öneme sahiptir. Bu dönemde sağlanan sosyal desteğin anne, yenidoğan, aile ve dolayısıyla toplum sağlığı için çok sayıda fayda sağlayabileceği varsayılmaktadır.
Amaç: Bu araştırma, lohusaların destek ihtiyaçları ve aldıkları destek ile yaşam kalitelerini değerlendirmek ve aralarındaki ilişkiyi belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı–ilişki arayıcı araştırmanın örneklemini, Tokat iline bağlı dokuz merkez ASM’ye kayıtlı 270 lohusa oluşturmuştur. Çalışmanın verileri, Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Doğum Sonrası Destek Ölçeği ve Doğum Sonu Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; tanımlayıcı istatistikler, independent samples t-testi, Mann-Whitney U testi, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H testi, LSD Post Hoc testi ve Pearson korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Bu araştırmada lohusaların Doğum Sonrası Destek Ölçeği ihtiyacın önemi alt boyutu puan ortalaması 122.24±49.51, alınan destek boyutu toplam puan ortalaması 140.54±43.57 olarak bulunmuştur. Lohusaların aldıkları Doğum Sonu Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği puan ortalaması 23.51±3.25’tir. Araştırmada lohusaların Doğum Sonu Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği puan ortalaması ile Doğum Sonu Destek Ölçeği’ nin ihtiyacın önemi boyutunun maddi destek (r=-.30, p=.000), duygusal destek (r=-.30, p=.000), bilgi desteği alt boyut (r=-.25, p=.000) ve toplam puan ortalamaları (r=-.30, p=.000) arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı negatif yönde bir ilişki olduğu; Doğum Sonu Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği puan ortalaması ile Doğum Sonrası Destek Ölçeği’ nin alınan destek boyutunun maddi destek (r=.24, p=.000) ve duygusal destek alt boyutu (r=.12, p=.000) arasında ise istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif yönde ilişki olduğu belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç: Bu araştırmada lohusaların hissettikleri destek ihtiyacının önemli düzeyde olmadığı ve ihtiyaca yönelik alınan desteğin çok fazla olduğu bulunmuştur. Lohusaların doğum sonrası dönemde destek ihtiyaçları ve aldıkları destek ile yaşam kaliteleri arasında ilişki bulunmaktadır. Lohusaların yaşam kalitesinin iyileştirilmesinde birinci basamak sağlık hizmetlerinde çalışan sağlık profesyonelleri, özellikle ebeler ve hemşireler kadını ve ailesini doğum sonrası sosyal desteğin önemi konusunda bilgilendirmeli ve lohusaların ihtiyaçları doğrultusunda sosyal destek programının planlanmasına yardımcı olmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Doğum Sonrası Dönem, Lohusa Kadın, Sosyal Destek, Yaşam Kalitesi

The Identification of Relationships of the Quality of Lives of Puerperal Women, Who are Registered to Certain Family Health Centers in Tokat Province of Türkiye, With Their Support Needs and The Support Received by Them in the Postpartum Period

Öz

Background: The postpartum period is of critical importance to the health of the mother and newborn. It is presumed that the social support given during this period is likely to provide numerous benefits for the health of the mother, newborn, family, and accordingly the society.
Objectives: This research was conducted to evaluate puerperal women’s needs for support, the support received by them, and the quality of their lives and identify the relationships between these variables.
Methods: This descriptive and correlational research included a sample of 270 puerperal women registered at nine family health centers in Tokat province of Türkiye. The research data were collected by using the Introductory Information Form, the Postpartum Support Questionnaire, and the Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life Questionnaire. In the evaluation of the data; descriptive statistics, independent samples t-test, Mann Whitney U test, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis H test, LSD Post Hoc test and Pearson correlation analysis were used.
Results: In this research, the mean scores obtained by puerperal women from the “importance of the need” scale and the “received support” scale of the Postpartum Support Questionnaire were found respectively as 122.24±49.51 and 140.54±43.57 whilst the mean of puerperal women’s Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life Questionnaire scores was 23.51±3.25. Also, in the research, it was found that puerperal women’s Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life Questionnaire scores had statistically significant negative relationships with scores obtained by them from the “importance of the need” scale of the Postpartum Support Questionnaire (r=-.30, p=.000) and its material support sub-scale (r=-.30, p=.000), emotional support sub-scale (r=-.30, p=.000), and informational support sub-scale (r=-.25, p=.000). Besides, it was identified that puerperal women’s Maternal Postpartum Quality of Life Questionnaire scores had statistically significant positive relationships with scores obtained by them from the material support sub-scale (r=.24, p=.000) and emotional support sub-scale (r=.12, p=.000) of the “received support” scale of the Postpartum Support Questionnaire.
Conclusion: In this research, it was found that the need for support felt by puerperal women was not at a significant level whilst the support received by puerperal women for this need was excessive. There was a relationship between the support needs of the postpartum women in the postpartum period and the support they receive and their quality of life. In order to improve the quality of life of puerperal women, health professionals working in primary health care, especially midwives and nurses, should inform the woman and her family about the importance of postpartum social support and help plan the social support program in line with the needs of puerperal women.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Postpartum Period, Puerperal Woman, Social Support, Quality of Life

Kaynakça

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