Araştırma Makalesi
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Hemşirelik Öğrencilerinin Hemşire ve Hasta Kavramlarına İlişkin Algılarının Metaforlarla Analizi

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 238 - 244, 29.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.5152/JANHS.2022.222746

Öz

Amaç: Metaforlar, soyut ve karmaşık olayları anlamak ve açıklamak için kullanılan zihinsel
araçlardır. Metafor, bir şeyi başka bir şeye göre yorumlama, benzetme ve ifade etme biçimidir. Bu
araştırmanın amacı, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin “hemşire” ve “hasta” kavramlarına ilişkin algılarını
metaforlar aracılığıyla belirlemektir.

Yöntemler: Bu nitel araştırmaya bir üniversitenin Hemşirelik Fakültesi’nde öğrenim gören
238 öğrenci katılmıştır. Elde edilen nitel verilerin analizinde içerik analizi yöntemi kullanılmıştır.
Veri analizi kodlama ve hata ayıklama, kategori oluşturma, geçerlik ve güvenirlik, frekans ve yüzde
hesaplama ve yorumlama aşamaları ile tamamlanmıştır.

Bulgular: Öğrenciler hemşire kavramına ilişkin 100 geçerli metafor ve hasta kavramına ilişkin
78 geçerli metafor üretmiştir. Hemşire metaforları arasında en yüksek sıklık anne (%24,7) ve
melek (%8,8), hasta metaforları arasında en yüksek sıklık bebek veya çocuk (%40,0) ve çiçek (%6,6)
olmuştur.

Sonuç: Hemşirenin en çok anneye, hastanın ise çocuğa/bebeğe benzetildiği, hemşirenin bakım
verici rolüne vurgu yapıldığı ancak bu rolünde profesyonel olarak algılanmadığı, hastanın bakıma
sevgi ve şefkate muhtaç biri olarak görüldüğü bulunmuştur.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Velioglu P. Concepts and Theories in Nursing [In Turkish]. Akademi Publication; 2012.
  • 2. Unsal A. Four basic concepts of nursing: human, environment, health and disease, nursing. AHI Evran Univ J Health Sci [In Turkish]. 2017;1(1):11-25.
  • 3. Gurhan N, Sozbir ŞY, Polat U. Concepts, Skills and Models Used in Nursing [In Turkish]. Ankara: Nobel Medical Publications; 2020.
  • 4. Kiseleva SV, Trofimova NA. Metaphor as a device for understanding cognitive concepts. Rev Lenguas Fines Específicos. 2017;23(2):226-246. Available at: https://ojsspdc.ulpgc.es/ojs/index.php/LFE/article/view/926. [CrossRef]
  • 5. Cetinkaya SK. The investigation of students perception about their profession by metaphonic analysis. Pamukkale Univ J Educ. 2014;36(2):137-150. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/downloa d/article-file/398742.
  • 6. Kaya H, Işik B, Çalişkan F. Metaphors used by in-service training nurses for İnservice training nurses in Turkey. J Adv Nurs. 2013;69(2):404-414. [CrossRef]
  • 7. Cekic Y, Yuksel R. Metaphors of nursing students on the perception of mental illness: a qualitative study. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2021;12(2):85-92. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Isik B, Kaya H, Ozel H. Nurses’ metaphorical perceptions of “care”. Int J Caring Sci. 2020;13(3):1678-1688. Available at: http://www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/docs/17_haser_original_13_3-2.pdf.
  • 9. Kale E, Cicek U. Metaphor perceptions of NursesAbout their own profession. J Health Nurs Manag. 2015;2(3):142-151. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Cinar HG. Analysis of metaphors for basic concepts of nursing students. Ann Med Res. 2019;26(7):1333-1339. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Ozveren H, Ozden D, Gulnar E. The perception of nursing by first-year nursing students: a metaphor analysis. J Health Sci. 2018;27(2):162-169. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/694166.
  • 12. Yeşilbakan OU, ÇinarD, Karadakovan A. A metaphorical analysis of postgraduate nursing students’ perceptions of the nursing profession. Int J Caring Sci. 2021;14(1):422-432. Available at: http://www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/docs/45_cinar_original_14_1_2.pdf.
  • 13. Yildirim A, Simsek H. Qualitative Research Methods in the Social Sciences (In Turkish). 12th ed. Seckin Publication; 2021.
  • 14. Deliktas A, Korukcu O, Aydin R, Kabukcuoglu K. Nursing students’ perceptions of nursing metaparadigms: a phenomenological study. J Nurs Res. 2019;27(5):e45. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Ozmen D, Cetinkaya A. A qualitative study of professional perceptions of senior nursing students. J Res Dev Nurs. 2016;18(1):40-52. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/hemarge/issue/52742/695912.
  • 16. Dinc L. The importance of ethics of care for nursing practice. Turk Klin J Med Ethics Law Hist-Spec Top. 2017;3(1):1-9. Available at: https://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/en-bakim-etiginin-hemsirelik-uygulamalariaçısındanönemi-78261.html.
  • 17. Acar G, Buldukoglu K. Student difficulties communicating with patients and their perceptions of the characteristics of difficult patients. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2016;7(1):7-12. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Ergün G, Güzel A. Analysis of the factors affecting the choice of the profession of the freshmen and senior students at the nursing department in health colleges. Int J Hum Sci. 2016;13(1):1271-1284. [CrossRef]

Analysis of Nursing Students’ Perceptions Through Metaphors for Nurse and Patient Concepts

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 238 - 244, 29.12.2022
https://doi.org/10.5152/JANHS.2022.222746

Öz

Objective: Metaphors are mental tools used to understand and explain abstract and complex
events. Metaphor is a way of interpreting, likening, and expressing one thing in terms of another.
The aim of this study is to determine the perceptions of nursing students regarding the concepts
of “nurse” and “patient” through metaphors.

Methods: This qualitative study included 238 students studying at the Nursing Faculty of a university. Content analysis method was used to analyze the qualitative data obtained. Data analysis
was completed with coding and debugging, category creation, validity and reliability, frequency
and percentage calculation, and interpretation stages.

Results: Students produced 100 valid metaphors about the concept of nurse and 78 valid metaphors for patient. The highest frequency among nurse metaphors were mother (24.7%) and angel
(8.8%), and the highest frequency among patient metaphors were infants or children (40.0%) and
flower (6.6 %).

Conclusion: It was found that the nurse was mostly compared to the mother and the patient to
the child/baby, the nurse’s role as a caregiver was emphasized, but she was not perceived as a professional in this role, and the patient was seen as someone in need of care, love, and compassion.

Kaynakça

  • 1. Velioglu P. Concepts and Theories in Nursing [In Turkish]. Akademi Publication; 2012.
  • 2. Unsal A. Four basic concepts of nursing: human, environment, health and disease, nursing. AHI Evran Univ J Health Sci [In Turkish]. 2017;1(1):11-25.
  • 3. Gurhan N, Sozbir ŞY, Polat U. Concepts, Skills and Models Used in Nursing [In Turkish]. Ankara: Nobel Medical Publications; 2020.
  • 4. Kiseleva SV, Trofimova NA. Metaphor as a device for understanding cognitive concepts. Rev Lenguas Fines Específicos. 2017;23(2):226-246. Available at: https://ojsspdc.ulpgc.es/ojs/index.php/LFE/article/view/926. [CrossRef]
  • 5. Cetinkaya SK. The investigation of students perception about their profession by metaphonic analysis. Pamukkale Univ J Educ. 2014;36(2):137-150. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/downloa d/article-file/398742.
  • 6. Kaya H, Işik B, Çalişkan F. Metaphors used by in-service training nurses for İnservice training nurses in Turkey. J Adv Nurs. 2013;69(2):404-414. [CrossRef]
  • 7. Cekic Y, Yuksel R. Metaphors of nursing students on the perception of mental illness: a qualitative study. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2021;12(2):85-92. [CrossRef]
  • 8. Isik B, Kaya H, Ozel H. Nurses’ metaphorical perceptions of “care”. Int J Caring Sci. 2020;13(3):1678-1688. Available at: http://www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/docs/17_haser_original_13_3-2.pdf.
  • 9. Kale E, Cicek U. Metaphor perceptions of NursesAbout their own profession. J Health Nurs Manag. 2015;2(3):142-151. [CrossRef]
  • 10. Cinar HG. Analysis of metaphors for basic concepts of nursing students. Ann Med Res. 2019;26(7):1333-1339. [CrossRef]
  • 11. Ozveren H, Ozden D, Gulnar E. The perception of nursing by first-year nursing students: a metaphor analysis. J Health Sci. 2018;27(2):162-169. https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/download/article-file/694166.
  • 12. Yeşilbakan OU, ÇinarD, Karadakovan A. A metaphorical analysis of postgraduate nursing students’ perceptions of the nursing profession. Int J Caring Sci. 2021;14(1):422-432. Available at: http://www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/docs/45_cinar_original_14_1_2.pdf.
  • 13. Yildirim A, Simsek H. Qualitative Research Methods in the Social Sciences (In Turkish). 12th ed. Seckin Publication; 2021.
  • 14. Deliktas A, Korukcu O, Aydin R, Kabukcuoglu K. Nursing students’ perceptions of nursing metaparadigms: a phenomenological study. J Nurs Res. 2019;27(5):e45. [CrossRef]
  • 15. Ozmen D, Cetinkaya A. A qualitative study of professional perceptions of senior nursing students. J Res Dev Nurs. 2016;18(1):40-52. Available at: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/hemarge/issue/52742/695912.
  • 16. Dinc L. The importance of ethics of care for nursing practice. Turk Klin J Med Ethics Law Hist-Spec Top. 2017;3(1):1-9. Available at: https://www.turkiyeklinikleri.com/article/en-bakim-etiginin-hemsirelik-uygulamalariaçısındanönemi-78261.html.
  • 17. Acar G, Buldukoglu K. Student difficulties communicating with patients and their perceptions of the characteristics of difficult patients. J Psychiatr Nurs. 2016;7(1):7-12. [CrossRef]
  • 18. Ergün G, Güzel A. Analysis of the factors affecting the choice of the profession of the freshmen and senior students at the nursing department in health colleges. Int J Hum Sci. 2016;13(1):1271-1284. [CrossRef]
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Hemşirelik, Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Reva Balcı Akpınar 0000-0001-8796-6497

Gülay İpek Çoban Bu kişi benim 0000-0003-1075-0748

Yayımlanma Tarihi 29 Aralık 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

AMA Balcı Akpınar R, İpek Çoban G. Analysis of Nursing Students’ Perceptions Through Metaphors for Nurse and Patient Concepts. Journal of Nursology. Aralık 2022;25(4):238-244. doi:10.5152/JANHS.2022.222746

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