Determination of Skin Cancer Risk Levels, Risk Perceptions, and Knowledge and Behaviors of Agricultural Workers

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 25 Sayı: 4, 268 - 273, 29.12.2022

Dilek Ayaz Selma Öncel

https://doi.org/10.5152/JANHS.2022.937272

Öz

Objective: This study was conducted to determine skin cancer risk perceptions, risk levels, and
sun protection knowledge and behaviors of agricultural workers.

Methods: The research was a descriptive type. It was made in Kumluca District, Antalya Province,
between March and July 2015. The sample included 415 individuals working in agriculture. The
data were collected by face-to-face interview method. Descriptive statistics, chi-square analysis, Mann–Whitney U-test, Kruskal–Wallis H test, and correlation analysis were used to evaluate
the data.

Results: At the end of the study, it was determined that 25.5% of agricultural workers were at
high risk, but that 50.8% did not consider themselves at risk for skin cancer. The mean knowledge score of participants was 6.40 ± 2.17, and the mean behavior score was 9.11 ± 4.92. The variables that significantly affect both knowledge and behavior mean scores are as follows: secondary
school and above education level, female gender, high risk perception, being under age of 30, and
working for less than 10 years. A weak positive relationship was found between the participants’
mean knowledge and behavior scores.

Conclusion: Our study results showed that the skin cancer risk perception and sun protection
knowledge and behaviors of agricultural workers were low. It was determined that individuals at
young ages, with middle school education level and above, and working for less than 10 years had
higher risk perception and knowledge and behavior scores. Within the scope of these results, it
was recommended to organize training and screening programs for skin cancer and sun protection, especially for individuals with high risk levels and low knowledge, behavior, and risk perception levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Public health nurse, agricultural workers, skin cancer, risk perception, sun protection behavior

Tarımda Çalışanların Deri Kanseri Risk Düzeyleri, Risk Algıları, Bilgi ve Davranışlarının Belirlenmesi

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma, tarımda çalışanların deri kanseri risk algıları, risk düzeyleri, güneşten korunma
bilgi ve davranışlarını belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır.

Yöntemler: Araştırma tanımlayıcı tiptedir. Mart-Temmuz 2015 tarihleri arasında Antalya İli
Kumluca İlçe merkezinde yapılmıştır. Örnekleme, tarımda çalışan 415 birey alınmıştır. Veriler yüz
yüze görüşme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde; tanımlayıcı istatistikler,
Ki-kare Analizi, Mann Whitney U testi, Kruskal Wallis-H testi, Korelasyon Analizi kullanılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma sonunda tarımda çalışanların %25,5’inin yüksek risk düzeyinde olduğu, fakat
%50,8’inin kendisini deri kanseri için riskli görmediği belirlenmiştir. Katılımcıların bilgi puan
ortalaması 6,40 ± 2,17, davranış puan ortalaması 9,11 ± 4,92’dir. Hem bilgi hem de davranış puan
ortalamalarını anlamlı düzeyde etkileyen değişkenler; ortaokul ve üzeri eğitim seviyesi, kadın cinsiyeti, yüksek risk algısı, 30 yaş altında ve 10 yıldan az süredir çalışıyor olmaktır. Katılımcıların bilgi
ve davranış puan ortalamaları arasında pozitif yönde zayıf bir ilişki bulunmuştur.

Sonuç: Çalışma sonuçları tarım çalışanlarının risk algısı, güneşten korunma bilgi ve davranışlarının
düşük düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir. Genç yaşta, ortaokul ve üzerinde eğitim seviyesinde
ve 10 yıldan az süredir çalışıyor olanların, hem risk algılarının hem de bilgi ve davranış puan
ortalamalarının daha yüksek olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu sonuçlar kapsamında özellikle risk düzeyi yüksek, bilgi, davranış ve risk algı düzeyleri düşük bireylere yönelik, deri kanseri ve güneşten korunma eğitim ve tarama programlarının düzenlenmesi önerilmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Halk sağlığı hemşiresi, tarımda çalışanlar, deri kanseri, risk algısı, güneşten korunma davranışı

Kaynakça

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